GYROPHAENINA Kraatz, 1856

Leschen, Richard A. B. & Newton, Alfred F., 2015, Checklist and type designations of New Zealand Aleocharinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), Zootaxa 4028 (3), pp. 301-353 : 319-323

GYROPHAENINA Kraatz, 1856

Adelarthra Cameron 1920

Adelarthra Cameron 1920: 222 . Type species: Adelarthra barbara Cameron, 1920 , by monotypy. Notes: Adelarthra includes six valid species from the Oriental region and Australia, and one unidentified species in New Zealand.

Adelarthra ? undet. sp. (Klimaszewski et al. 1996). Distribution: New Zealand.

Brachida Mulsant & Rey 1871

Brachida Mulsant & Rey 1871: 4 . Type species: Homalota notha Erichson, 1839 (= Brachida exigua (Heer, 1839)) , by monotypy.

Notes: Brachida is a nearly worldwide genus including 132 valid species, one of which is endemic to New Zealand.

Brachida minuta Bernhauer 1941

Brachida minuta Bernhauer 1941: 36 . Type locality: Auckland. Type depository: BMNH LT; FMNH 1PLT

(designated below). Note: Bernhauer ST ex colln. Sharp. Distribution: New Zealand (AK). Remarks. Bernhauer did not indicate the number of specimens he examined for naming this species. In order to stabilize this name a lectotype and one paralectotype are here designated from material of Brachida minuta .

Type material examined. Lectotype ( BMNH): card-mounted, “ Type [round label with red border] // Brachida [in Bernhauer’s hand] // 39. [in unknown hand] // Auckland [in Sharp’s hand] // Sharp Coll 1905-313 // Auckland [red underline] New Zealand. // Brachida minuta Bernh. Typ. [in Bernhauer’s hand] Bernhauer det.”. Paralectotype ( FMNH): card-mounted, “Auckland. [in Sharp’s hand] // Auckland [red underline] New Zealand. // Sharp Coll 1905-313 // Brachida minuta Bernh. Typ. [in Bernhauer’s hand] Bernhauer det. // BRIT. MUS. DON. ARROW // minuta Brnh. Typus Brachida [in Bernhauer’s hand, red label] // Chicago NHMus M.Bernhauer Collection // SYNTYPE teste D. J. Clarke2014 GDI Imaging Project [violet label] // Photographed Kelsey Keaton 2014 Emu Catalog [blue label] // FMNHINS 2819114 FIELD MUSEUM [barcode label]”.

Encephalus Stephens 1832

Encephalus Stephens 1832: 163 (attributed to "Kirby MSS"). Type species: Encephalus complicans Stephens, 1832 (attributed to "Kirby MSS"), by monotypy.

Notes: The genus Encephalus includes 21 species in the Holarctic region plus two species endemic to New Zealand.

Encephalus latulus Broun 1894

Encephalus latulus Broun 1894: 386 . Type locality: Wairoa North. Type depository: BMNH HT. Distribution: New Zealand (AK).

Remarks. Broun based his description on a single specimen which we confirmed as the holotype.

Type material examined. Holotype ( BMNH): card-mounted, “ Type [round label with red border] // 2696. //

Wairoa // New Zealand. [red underline] Broun Coll. Brit. Mus. 1922-482. // Encephalus latulus . [in Broun’s hand]”.

Encephalus zealandicus Cameron 1945

Encephalus zealandicus Cameron 1945: 160 (attributed to Broun in litt.). Type locality: New Zealand: Hunua. Type depository: BMNH LT, 2PLT (designated below). Distribution: New Zealand (AK).

Remarks. Cameron did not indicate the number of specimens he saw. One specimen in the Main BMNH collection

from “Hunua” was hand-labelled as the type by Cameron, while 2 others labelled as “Hunua Maketu” are

considered as paralectotypes. In order to stabilize this name a lectotype and 2 paralectotypes (one in Main the other

in the Broun collections) are here designated for Encephalus zealandicus .

Type material examined. Lectotype ( BMNH): card-mounted, “ New Zealand. [red underline] Broun Coll. Brit.

Mus. 1922-482. // Hunua [in Broun’s hand] // Encephalus zealandicus [in Broun’s hand] // E. zealandicus TYPE

[red ink, underlined] Cam. [in Cameron’s hand]”. Paralectotypes: 1 ( BMNH): card-mounted, “ New Zealand. [red

underline] Broun Coll. Brit. Mus. 1922-482. // Hunua Maketu. [in Broun’s hand] // Encephalus zealandicus [in

Broun’s hand] // SYN-TYPE [round label with powder blue border]”; 1: same, but lacking syntype label.

Gyrophaena Mannerheim 1830

Gyrophaena Mannerheim 1830: 74 (also 1831: 488). Type species: Staphylinus nanus Paykull, 1800 , designated by Westwood 1838a:20.

Notes: Gyrophaena is a very large worldwide genus with about 720 valid species, six of which are endemic to New Zealand. Most species with known habits feed as adults and larvae on the spores of mushrooms and other soft fungi , and have mouthparts specialized for spore-gathering (e.g., Ashe 1984).

Gyrophaena brookesi Cameron 1947

Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) brookesi Cameron 1947: 709 . Type locality: N. Auckland: Lake Ohia, Mangonni [sic,

Mangonui]. Type depository: NZAC LT; BMNH 1 PLT (designated below). Distribution: New Zealand (ND). Remarks. Cameron did not indicate the number of specimens he examined to name this species. One labelled as a type was in the NZAC and another hand-labelled as cotype was in the BMNH. In order to stabilize this name a lectotype and paralectotype are here designated for these specimens of Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) brookesi . Type material examined. Lectotype ( NZAC): card-mounted (159. in pink handwritten at base of card), “Collector 24-3-1918. A. E. Brookes [date in Brookes’ hand] // Lake Ohia. Mangonui. N. Auckland. [in Brookes’ hand] // Gyrophaena brookesi TYPE Cam [in Cameron’s hand, “ type ” in red ink] // A. E. Brookes Collection // NZAC specimen database record 1007118 // NZ Arthropod Collection Private Bag 92170 Auckland New Zealand NZAC 04065720 [barcode label]”. Paralectotype ( BMNH): card-mounted, “SYN-TYPE [round label with powder blue border] // N. Auckland Mangonui Lake Ohia 189. Brookes [in Cameron’s hand] // M. Cameron. Bequest. B.M. 1955-147. // Gyrophaena brookesi COTYPE [red ink, underlined] Cam [in Cameron’s hand]”.

Gyrophaena densicornis Broun 1880

Gyrophaena densicorne Broun 1880: 89 . Type locality: Whangarei Heads. Type depository: BMNH HT. Distribution: New Zealand (ND).

Remarks. Broun indicated that he based his description on a single specimen, but there were two in the BMNH

that were potential holotypes, one with a locality (Parua), the other with no locality data but with the Broun number

and a type designation by Bernhauer. We chose to confirm the second specimen as the holotype.

Type material examined. Holotype ( BMNH): card-mounted (missing the right antenna), “ Type [round label with

red border] // 162 [green label] // New Zealand. [red underline] Broun Coll. Brit. Mus. 1922-482. // Oligota x [in

Broun’s hand, with red underline] // Gyrophaena densicorne . Type Broun [in Bernhauer’s hand]”.

Gyrophaena glabricollis Bernhauer 1941

Gyrophaena glabricollis Bernhauer 1941: 37 (attributed to Fauvel in litt.). Type locality: Pudds [sic, Pudding] [LT]. Type depository: BMNH LT, 2PLT; FMNH 5PLT (designated below). Distribution: New Zealand (BR,MC).

Remarks. Bernhauer did not indicate the number of specimens he examined. One in the BMNH is labelled as

“ type ” and two mounted on the same card stock with the correct label data are considered syntypes; five additional

specimens in FMNH are labeled Typus or Cotypus and also considered syntypes. In order to stabilize this name a

lectotype and 7 paralectotypes (2 BMNH, 5 FMNH) are here designated from the type series of Gyrophaena

glabricollis . Note that the locality is probably an abbreviated “Pudding Hill” and the last letter is actually a “g” as

indicated on the PT label.

Type material examined. Lectotype ( BMNH): card-mounted, “ Type [round label with red border] // New

Zealand. [red underline] Broun Coll. Brit. Mus. 1922-482. // Gyrophaena glabricollis Brh Bernhauer det. Type. [in

Bernhauer’s hand, partly printed]”. Paralectotypes: 2 ( BMNH), mounted on same card, “ New Zealand. [red

underline] Broun Coll. Brit. Mus. 1922-482. // Puddg. 4.5.12 [in Broun’s hand]”. 1 ( FMNH), card-mounted,

“Puddg. 4.5.12 [in Broun’s hand] // New Zealand. [red underline] Broun Coll. Brit. Mus. 1922-482. // simplicicollis

Fans.i.l. [in Bernhauer’s hand, partly illegible] // glabricollis Brnh Cotypus Gyrophaena [in Bernhauer’s hand, red

label] // Chicago NHMus M.Bernhauer Collection // SYNTYPE teste D. J. Clarke2014 GDI Imaging Project

[violet label] // Photographed Kelsey Keaton 2014 Emu Catalog [blue label] // FMNHINS 2819105 FIELD

MUSEUM [barcode label]”; 3 ( FMNH), mounted on 1 card: “Greymouth, [red underline] New Zealand. (Helms) /

/ Sharp Coll 1905-313 // Gyr. Glabricollis Bh. [in Bernhauer’s hand] Bernhauer det. // BRIT. MUS. DON. ARROW

// glabricollis Brnh. Typus Gyrophaena [in Bernhauer’s hand, red label] // Chicago NHMus M.Bernhauer

Collection // SYNTYPE teste D. J. Clarke2014 GDI Imaging Project [violet label]”; 1 ( FMNH), card-mounted:

“ New Zealand. [red underline] Broun Coll. Brit. Mus. 1922-482. // BRIT. MUS. DON. ARROW // glabricollis

Brnh. Cotypus Gyrophaena [in Bernhauer’s hand, red label] // Chicago NHMus M.Bernhauer Collection //

SYNTYPE teste D. J. Clarke2014 GDI Imaging Project [violet label]”.

Gyrophaena nugax Broun 1880

Gyrophaena nugax Broun 1880: 88 . Type locality: near Whangarei Harbour. Type depository: BMNH LT, 1PLT (designated below). Note: as Atheta in Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz (1926: 647), but belongs in Gyrophaena , teste Cameron (1945: 161). Distribution: New Zealand (ND).

Remarks. Broun indicated that he based his description on two specimens. In order to stabilize this name a

lectotype and paralectotype are here designated for Gyrophaena nugax .

Type material examined. Lectotype ( BMNH): right specimen that is card-mounted with paralectotype, “ Type

[round label with red border] // 161 [green label] // New Zealand. [red underline] Broun Coll. Brit. Mus. 1922-482.

// Manaia Whangarei [in Broun’s hand] // Gyrophaena nugax . [in Broun’s hand]”. Paralectotype ( BMNH): same as

above, left specimen mounted dorsal-side down.

Gyrophaena oligotina Cameron 1945

Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) oligotina Cameron 1945: 161 (attributed to Fauvel in litt.). Type locality: New Zealand: Erua. Type depository: BMNH LT, 1PLT (designated below). Distribution: New Zealand (AK,TO).

Remarks. Cameron did not indicate the number of specimens he examined from Erua, but one specimen was hand-

labelled as the type in red ink by Cameron (another label in Fauvel’s hand indicating the ms name); another

specimen, lacking an identification label but with the correct locality data was also regarded as a syntype. In order

to stabilize this name a lectotype and paralectotype are here designated for Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) oligotina

Cameron.

Type material examined. Lectotype ( BMNH): card-mounted, “ Type [round label with red border] // Erua [in

Broun’s hand] // Encephalus [in Broun’s hand] // New Zealand. [red underline] Broun Coll. Brit. Mus. 1922-482. //

Gyrophaena oligotina Fav. [in Fauvel’s hand] // G. oligotina TYPE [red ink, underlined] Cam. [in Cameron’s

hand]”. Paralectotype ( BMNH): card-mounted, “ New Zealand. [red underline] Broun Coll. Brit. Mus. 1922-482. //

Gyrophaena oligotina [in Broun’s hand] // ♂ [in Broun’s hand]”.

Gyrophaena punctiger (Scheerpeltz 1933)

Oxytelus punctiger Scheerpeltz 1933: 1102 (new name for Gyrophaena punctatus Broun 1880 ). Note: as possible Oxytelus, Fauvel (1885: 312) ; as Oxytelus, Scheerpeltz (1933: 1102) , Herman (2001: 1453); redescribed as Gyrophaena, Cameron (1945: 160) ; AK (as Gyrophaena punctata ), Kuschel (1990). Distribution: New Zealand (AK,CL).

= Gyrophaena punctata Broun 1880: 87 (not Oxytelus punctatus J. L. LeConte 1877 (JSH in Oxytelus ); not now congeneric but replaced before 1961 and replacement name in use). Type locality: Tairua. Type depository: BMNH LT, 1PLT (designated below).

Remarks. Broun indicated that he based his description on one specimen from Tairua, but the only specimens in

the BMNH were two carded together from Woodhill, and subsequently labelled with a type label by Cameron.

Because Broun had his identification label on these specimens, we assume that he was incorrect regarding the

locality and number of specimens he examined.

Type material examined. Lectotype ( BMNH): card-mounted (specimen mounted upright), “159. [green label] //

Woodhill // New Zealand. [red underline] Broun Coll. Brit. Mus. 1922-482. // Gyrophâena punctata . [in Broun’s

hand] // TYPE ♂ [in Cameron’s hand]”. Paralectotype ( BMNH): same as above.

Notiomerinx Ashe 2003

Notiomerinx Ashe 2003: 623 . Type species: Notiomerinx zealandica Ashe, 2003 , by original designation. Notes: The genus Notiomerinx and its single included species are endemic to New Zealand.

Notiomerinx zealandica Ashe 2003

Notiomerinx zealandica Ashe 2003: 625 . Type locality: St. Arnaud Track, 645m, Lake Rotoiti, Wilson [sic, =Nelson] Lks. N.P., BR, New Zealand. Type depository: NZAC HT♂; FMNH 26PT. Distribution: New Zealand (AK,ND; BR,MB,MC,NN,OL,SD,WD).

Pseudoligota Cameron 1920

Pseudoligota Cameron 1920: 213 . Type species: Pseudoligota varians Cameron, 1920 , designated by Blackwelder (1952: 327).

Notes: Pseudoligota includes 17 valid species in the Oriental region, Australia and New Caledonia, and one undescribed new species in New Zealand.

Pseudoligota sp. nov. (Klimaszewski et al. 1996). Distribution: New Zealand.

Sternotropa Cameron 1920

Sternotropa Cameron 1920: 220 . Type species: Sternotropa nigra Cameron, 1920 , designated by Blackwelder (1952: 360).

Notes: Sternotropa includes 69 valid species from the Oriental region through Australia, New Caledonia and Fiji, plus one from La Reunion in the Indian Ocean and one endemic to New Zealand.

Sternotropa versicolor (Broun 1880)

Gyrophaena versicolor Broun 1880: 89 . Type locality: Parua. Type depository: BMNH HT. Note: AK, fungus host records, Kuschel (1990). Distribution: New Zealand (AK,ND).

Remarks. Broun based his description on one specimen from Parua. One specimen with a type designation by

Bernhauer lacked the locality information, but had a typical label with the Broun number attached to it. We confirm

this specimen as the holotype.

Type material examined. Holotype ( BMNH): “ Type [round label with red border] // 163. [green label] // Eyes

large. [in Broun’s hand] // New Zealand. [red underline] Broun Coll. Brit. Mus. 1922-482. // Gyrophaena versicolor

Type Broun [in Bernhauer’s hand]”.