Alkindus atratus Distant, 1889

Matesco, Viviana Cauduro & Grazia, Jocelia, 2013, Revision of the genus Alkindus Distant (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Thyreocoridae: Corimelaeninae), Zootaxa 3750 (1), pp. 57-70 : 66-67

Alkindus atratus Distant, 1889

( Figs. 5, 6, 9, 10 , 13, 14 , 17–20, 24–26, 29, 30 )

Type locality: Tolé, Panama.

Alkindus atratus Distant, 1889: 309 ; Lethierry & Severin 1893: 14 (catalogue); McAtee & Malloch 1933: 348–349 (redescription); Becker & Grazia-Vieira 1971: 9 (distribution records); Maes 1994: 21 (catalogue).

Diagnosis. Head ( Fig. 5 ). Ocelli almost equidistant from middle of vertex and from eyes; head posterior to ocelli about 2.2 times the diameter of ocelli.

Pronotum. Broad lateral punctate area. Callus slightly rastrate.

Hemelytra ( Fig. 6 ). Width of subcostal area uniform at first half, narrower posteriorly. Branches of exocorial vein divergent in middle part of their course.

Abdominal venter ( Figs. 9 , 13 ). Sternite VII on average 0.6 and 1.2 times the length of segments III–VI in female and male, respectively; anterior margin of sternite VII broadly rounded in female and narrowly rounded to sub angulate in male, posterior margin rounded in both sexes. Lateral bristles present on all visible abdominal segments (including laterotergites 8 and 9 in female), these longer and thicker than the trichobothria, located laterally and in line with anterior trichobothria.

Male genitalia ( Figs. 13, 14 , 30 ). Ventral exposure of pygophore long, about 0.4 times the length of urosternite VII, more densely punctate anteriorly and laterally. Ventral rim convex at median third, slightly bilobate; with 1 + 1 acute posterior projections at lateral thirds.

Measurements (n=9). Total length 4.7 (4.5–5.0) ± 0.2; head length 0.9 (0.9–1.1) ± 0.1, width 2.0 (1.9–2.1) ± 0.1; eye width 0.2 (0.2–0.3) ± 0.0; interocular distance 1.5 (1.4–1.6) ± 0.1; anteocular length 0.4 (0.4–0.5) ± 0.0; length of antennal segments: I—0.4 (0.4–0.5) ± 0.0; II—0.2 (0.1–0.2) ± 0.0; III—0.3 ± 0.0; IV—0.4 (0.3–0.4) ± 0.0; V—0.5 (0.4–0.5) ± 0.0; pronotal length 1.4 (1.3–1.5) ± 0.1, width 3.1 (3.0–3.4) ± 0.1; scutellar length 2.9 (2.6– 3.2) ± 0.2, width 2.7 (2.5–2.8) ± 0.1; abdominal width 3.0 (2.9–3.3) ± 0.1; corium length 2.1 (2.0–2.3) ± 0.1; rostrum length 1.7 (1.7–1.8) ± 0.0.

Female genitalia ( Figs. 9, 10 , 29 ). Posterior margins of gonocoxites 8 slightly concave; anterior half of mesial margins ventrally projected; mesial margins about 1.3 times the length of abdominal sternite VII at midline and 1.3 times the length of posterior margins of gonocoxites 8.

Measurements (n=7). Total length 5.1 (4.7–5.6) ± 0.3; head length 1.0 (1.0–1.1) ± 0.1, width 2.2 (2.1–2.3) ± 0.1; eye width 0.3 ± 0.0; interocular distance 1.6 (1.6–1.8) ± 0.1; anteocular length 0.4 (0.4–0.5) ± 0.0; length of antennal segments: I - 0.5 (0.4–0.5) ± 0.1; II - 0.2 ± 0.0; III - 0.3 (0.3–0.4) ± 0.0; IV - 0.4 ± 0.0; V - 0.5 (0.5–0.6) ± 0.0; pronotal length 1.5 (1.4–1.8) ± 0.1, width 3.5 (3.3–3.7) ± 0.2; scutellar length 3.1 (2.9–3.3) ± 0.2, width 3.0 (2.8–3.3) ± 0.2; abdominal width 3.4 (3.2–3.6) ± 0.2; corium length 2.3 (2.1–2.4) ± 0.1; rostrum length 1.9 (1.8– 2.1) ± 0.1.

Distribution. Mexico (States of Jalisco, Colima, and Guerrero), Guatemala (Department of Escuintla), Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua (Departments of Matagalpa, Chinandega, Boaco, León, Managua, Zelaya, Masaya, Granada, Carazo, and Rivas), Aruba, Curaçao, Venezuela (States of Sucre, Aragua, Anzoategui, Guarico, Zulia, Monagas, Portuguesa, Trujillo, and Bolívar), Costa Rica (Provinces of Guanacaste, Cartago, and San Jose), Colombia (Departments of Magdalena, Boyaca, and Cundinamarca), Panama (Provinces of Panama, Cocle, and Chiriqui), and Brazil (State of Roraima). Provinces 8, 9, 11, 14, 15, 16, 25, 26, 29, 39, and 56, according to Morrone (2006) ( Fig. 32 ).

Type material (examined). Holotype ♂ and paratype ♀. Tolé, Panama, Champion; Tierra Colorado , Guerrero , 2.000 ft., October, H. H. Smith ( BMNH).

Material examined. GUATEMALA, Escuintla: 5 km S Siguinala, 1 ♀, down fig tree, 7-26-2008, C. W. & L. B. O’Brien, F. Skillman, J. Monzon cols. ( JEEC); COSTA RICA, Guanacaste: Sta. Rosa N. Pk., Nat. Trail , 1 ♀, IX-3-1998, C. W. & L. B. O’Brien cols. ( JEEC); VENEZUELA, Aragua: El Limon, 450 m, 1 ♀, 2-VII-54; J. Gonzalez col. ( UFRG); El Limon , 450 m, 1 ♀, 19-VII-56, en gallingo, Fco. Fdez. Y. col. ( UFRG); Carmen de Cura , 850 m, 1 ♂, 11-VII-1966, F. Fernandez, Y. C. J. Rosales cols. ( UFRG); Anzoategui: 3 km W Clarines, 250’, 1 ♂, Aug. 2 1988, C. & L. O’Brien & G. Wibmer cols. ( JEEC); Guarico: 1 km S Dos Caminos, 570’, 1 ♀, 7-27- 1988, C. & L. O’Brien & G. Wibmer cols. ( JEEC); Hato Las Lajas , 3 ♂, 15-VIII-1964, A. Dascoli col. ( UFRG); Monagas: Josepin , 1 ♂, 14-IX-1965, F. Fernandez, Y. C. J. Rosales cols. ( UFRG); BRAZIL, Roraima: Ilha de Maracá , 3 ♂, 2 ♀, 21–25/09/1987, M. H. Galileo leg. ( MCNZ).

Figures

FIGURE 32. Distribution records of Alkindus atratus Distant (black triangles) and A. crassicosta Horvath (black circles), according to the provinces of Latin America and the Caribbean islands proposed by Morrone (2006). Numbers refer to the following provinces (mentioned only those in which the species occur): 8 — Transmexican Volcanic Belt, 9 — Balsas Basin, 11 — Mexican Pacific Coast, 14 — Chiapas, 15 — Eastern Central America, 16 — Western Panamanian Isthmus, 25 — Maracaibo, 26 — Venezuelan Coast, 29 — Venezuelan Llanos, 39 — Roraima, 51 — Pampa, 53 — Brazilian Atlantic Forest, 56 — North Andean Paramo.

FIGURES 5–12. General and female genital morphology. Figs. 5, 6. A. atratus. Fig. 5. Head, dorsal view. Fig. 6. Corium of the left forewing, lateral view. Figs. 7, 8. A. crassicosta. Fig. 7. Head, dorsal view. Fig. 8. Corium of the left forewing, lateral view. Figs. 9, 10. A. atratus, genital plates. Fig. 9. Ventral view. Fig. 10. Lateral view. Figs. 11, 12. A. crassicosta, genital plates. Fig. 11. Ventral view. Fig. 12. Lateral view. Abbreviations: VII—7th sternite, X—segment X, cl—clavus, co—costa, cu—cubital vein, ed—endocorium, ee—external branch of the exocorial vein, ei—internal branch of the exocorial vein, ex—exocorium, gc8—gonocoxites 8, lt8—laterotergites 8, lt9—laterotergites 9, sco—subcostal area.

FIGURES 13–16. Pygophore. Figs. 13, 14. A. atratus. Fig. 13. Ventral view. Fig. 14. Posterodorsal view. Figs. 15, 16. A. crassicosta. Fig. 15. Ventral view. Fig. 16. Posterodorsal view. Abbreviations: VII—7th sternite, dr—dorsal rim, lr—lateral rim, pr—proctiger, pyg—pygophore, vr—ventral rim.

FIGURES 17–31. External scent efferent system, leg structures, and genital morphology with the scanning electron microscope. Figs. 17–20. A. atratus, external scent efferent system. Fig. 17. Meso- and metapleuron. Fig. 18. Detail of ostiole, peritremal groove, and evaporatorium. Fig. 19. Mycoid microsculpture of the evaporatorium. Fig. 20. Mycoid microsculpture of the evaporatorium in greater detail, evidencing the mushroom bodies. Figs. 21–23. A. crassicosta, external scent efferent system. Fig. 21. Meso- and metapleuron. Fig. 22. Detail of ostiole, peritremal groove, and evaporatorium. Fig. 23. Detail of mesopleural evaporatorium and pseudoperitreme. Fig. 24. A. atratus, metasternum with median projection and coxal combs. Figs. 25, 26. A. atratus. Fig. 25. Foretibial comb. Fig. 26. Foretibial apparatus. Figs. 27, 28. A. crassicosta. Fig. 27. Foretibial comb. Fig. 28. Foretibial apparatus. Figs. 29, 30. A. atratus. Fig. 29. Female genital plates, ventral view. Fig. 30. Pygophore, ventral view. Fig. 31. A. crassicosta, pygophore, ventral view. Abbreviations: VI—6th sternite, VII—7th sternite, X—segment X, bs—basal spines, cc—coxal comb, ev—evaporatorium, gc8—gonocoxites 8, lt8—laterotergites 8, lt9—laterotergites 9, oostiole, os—outer setae, pe—peritreme, pr—proctiger, psp—pseudoperitreme, pyg—pygophore, sp—metathoracic spiracle, tc—tibial comb, ves—vestibular scar.