Allograpta exoticus ( Wiedemann, 1830 )

Barahona-Segovia, Rodrigo M., Riera, Pamela, Pañinao-Monsálvez, Laura, Guzmán, Vicente Valdés & Henríquez-Piskulich, Patricia, 2021, Updating the knowledge of the flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Chile: Illustrated catalog, extinction risk and biological notes, Zootaxa 4959 (1), pp. 1-178 : 111-112

Allograpta exoticus ( Wiedemann, 1830)

Fig. 165

Syrphus exoticus Wiedemann, 1830: 136

Allograpta fracta Osten Sacken, 1877: 331

Mesograpta exotica Lynch Arribálzaga, 1892: 260 *

Allograpta skottsbergi Enderlein, 1940: 663

Type locality and data. “ Brazil ” (LT, A, NMW) .

Material examined. Arica y Parinacota: 1♂, Cica , 23.XI.1967, Leg. G. Díaz P. (UTA); 2♂, 3♀, Azapa, 21.XI.1967, Leg. G. Díaz P. (UTA); 1♀, Codpa, VII.1967, Leg. G. Díaz P. (UTA); 1♀, Chipisca, 30.IV.1968, Leg. J .

Acuña ( UTA) ; 1♀, Lluta km30, 29.I.1974, Leg. H. Vásquez ( UTA) ; 2♂, 1♀, Lluta km41, 14.VIII.1969, Leg. R.M. ( UTA) ; Tarapacá: Miñe Miñe , 1650m, 14.II.1948 ( Etcheverry 1952) ; 1♀, Chiapa, 2950 m, 23–24.IV.1969, Leg. L.E. Peña ( MEUC) ; Antofagasta: 1♀, Mejillones, 21.II.1970, Leg. Cerda ( MNHNCL) ; Atacama: 1♂, 1♀, Paipote, 15– 18.X.1969, Leg. L.E. Peña ( MEUC) ; Coquimbo: 1♀, Los Vilos, 2.XII.1995, Leg. M. Cerda ( MNHNCL) ; Valparaíso: 2♀, Robinson Crusoe, Juan Fernández, X.2004 Leg. H. González & M. Beeche ( SAG) ; 1♂, 2♀, Plazoleta Masatierra 23.I.2003, Leg. A. Sandoval ( SAG) ; 1♀, Quebrada Las Casas, Alejandro Selkirk 1.XII.2007; Leg. H. González ( SAG) ; 1♂, 1♀, Juan Bautista, Masatierra , 13.I.1952, Leg. Kuschel ( MZUC) ; Metropolitana: Experimental station of Pontificia Universidad Católica of Chile (Ximenez-Embum et al. 2014) .

References. Wiedemann, 1830: 136 (desc.); Williston, 1886: 313 (cat.); Shannon & Aubertin, 1933: 131 (key); Curran, 1936: 12 (key); Sack, 1941: 95 (cat.); Fluke, 1942: 24, fig. 47 (abdomen); Stuardo, 1946: 123 (cat.); Fluke, 1950a: 129, figs 136–138 (desc.); Etcheverry, 1951: 356 (cat.); Etcheverry, 1952: 308 (cat.); Fluke, 1955: 40 (desc. & distr.); Fluke, 1956: 206 (cat.); Fluke, 1957: 159 (desc.); Etcheverry, 1963: 9 (cat.); Boyes et al., 1973: 371 (karyotypes); Cevallos, 1973: 26 (desc.); Thompson et al., 1976: 34 (cat.); Reemer, 2010: 171, fig. 10 (desc. & notes); Mengual et al., 2008: 717 (molecular study); Castro & Araya 2012: 89 (key eggs, puparium, larvae); López et al., 2012: 13 (key); Arcaya et al., 2013: 145 (larvae predatory); Ximénez-Embun et al., 2014: 3 (biological control study).

World distribution. Global distr.: Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Paraguay, Venezuela and Chile.

Chilean distribution. Known from Arica y Parinacota to Metropolitan region ( Fig. 170 ) .

Altitudinal range. From coastal to highland ecosystems (5– 2,950 m.a.s.l.).

Biology and notes. Allograpta exoticus is associated with several habitats, in both disturbed as well as natural ecosystems. López et al. (2012) found that the species is associated with Medicago sativa L. crops. Citizen scientists have observed to this flower fly species visiting flowers of E. pectinatus (Gabriela Germain, CSP record); Prunus domestica (Orlando Montes, CSP records) and Foeniculum vulgare (Matías Cortés, CSP record)

Conservation status. LC; EOO = 888,017 km 2, AOO = 52 km 2 and 13 localities (or subpopulations).

Figures

FIGURE 170. Distribution map of Allograpta species in Chile: Allograpta exoticus (Wiedemann, 1830) (blue circles); Allograpta hortensis (Philippi, 1865) (red circles); Allograpta pulchra Shannon, 1927 (black circles); Allograpta piurana Shannon, 1927 (green circles) and Allograpta robinsoniana Enderlein, 1938 (yellow circles).

FIGURES 165–167. Allograpta exoticus (Wiedemann, 1830): (165) female in Rosa sp. (photo by Miguel Mellado). Allograpta hortensis (Philippi, 1865): (166) male on Leucheria sp. (photo by Daniel Llavaneras). Allograpta pulchra Shannon, 1927: (167) male on Orizoë sp. (photo by Daniel Llavaneras).