Aspidosperma polyneuron Müll.Arg.

Castello, Ana Carolina Devides, Pereira, Andreza Stephanie De Souza, Shimizu, Gustavo Hiroaki, Zuntini, Alexandre Rizzo, Simões, André Olmos & Koch, Ingrid, 2022, Taxonomy and nomenclature of Aspidosperma (Apocynaceae), Phytotaxa 571 (3), pp. 239-277 : 261

Aspidosperma polyneuron Müll.Arg. in Mart. & auct. suc., Fl. Bras. 6(1): 57. 1860.

≡ Aspidosperma polyneuron var. polyneuron. ≡ Thyroma polyneura (Müll.Arg.) Miers, Apocyn. S. Am. : 24. 1878.

Lectotype (first-step lectotype designated by Woodson in Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 38(2): 158. 1951; second-step lectotype designated here):— BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro: Morro Azul , s.d., L. Riedel 2332 ( LE image!; isolectotypes: F [barcode V0092475F image!], G (mounted on three herbarium sheets) [barcode G00169347 image!], GH [barcode 00057216 image!], M [barcode M-0183491 image!], NY [barcode 00970697 image!, barcode 00970698 image!, barcode 00970699 image!], P [barcode P00639558 image!, barcode P00639559 image!, barcode P00639560 image!], S [No. S04-1792 image!], U [barcode U0000486 image!], W [No. W0057126 image!]) .

= Aspidosperma peroba Allemão ex Saldanha, Config. & Descr. Madeiras Rio Jan. : 9, 104. 1865. Neotype (designated here): — BRAZIL. São Paulo: Jun 1853, H.P.C. de Beaurepaire-Rohan s.n. (R [barcode R000023957 !]; isoneotype: R [barcode R000023957 a!]).

= Aspidosperma venosum Müll.Arg. in Warming in Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 1869(6–8): 103. 1869. Lectotype (designated here): — BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Lagoa Santa, s.d., J.E.B. Warming s.n. (C [barcode C10005743 image!]; isolectotypes: C [barcode C10005742 image!, barcode C10005744 image!], NY [barcode 00297997 image!, barcode 00297998 image!]).

= Aspidosperma polyneuron var. longifolium Hassl. in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12(325/330): 260. 1913. Lectotype (designated here): — PARAGUAY. [Amambay]: Sierra de Amambay, Punta Porá, Apr 1907 /1908, T. Rojas s.n. [E. Hassler [10408a]] (G [barcode G00108709 image!]; isolectotypes: A [barcode 00057217 image!], K [barcode K000587677 image!], NY [barcode 00297984 image!]).

= Aspidosperma dugandii Standl., Trop. Woods 36: 15. 1933. Lectotype (first-step lectotype designated by Woodson in Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 38(2): 159. 1951; second-step lectotype designated here):— COLOMBIA. [Atlántico]: Barranquilla, near Arroyo de Caña , 18 Feb 1932, A. Dugand 355 (F [barcode V0092453 F image!]; isolectotypes: F [barcode V0092453 F image!], G [fragment] [barcode G00169348 image!], US [barcode 00111790 image!], WIS (mounted on two herbarium sheets) [barcode 00000920MAD image!, barcode 00000921MAD image!]).

= Aspidosperma polyneuron var. puberulum Toledo in Handro in Arq. Bot. Estado São Paulo 3: 225. 1962. Holotype:— BRAZIL. Bahia: Dec 1912, L. Zehntner s.n. (SP [barcode SP000325 image!]), syn. nov.

“ Aspidosperma polyneuron var. genuinum ” Hassl. in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12(325/330): 260. 1913, a designation not validly published.

“ Aspidosperma polyneurum ” Müll.Arg. , mss. in sched.

Notes —From the two gatherings mentioned in the protologue of A. polyneuron by Müller-Argoviensis (1860a), Woodson (1951) indicated the collection Riedel 2332 as the type. However, since this gathering has more than one specimen, it was necessary to narrow Woodson’s (1951) typification by selecting a material with mature leaves and flowers as the second-step lectotype of A. polyneuron (LE) (ICN article 9.17; Turland et al. 2018). We adopted the same approach for A. dugandii , as the gathering Dugand 355 chosen by Woodson (1951) from the four collections presented by Standley (1933) also has more than one specimen. Therefore, we selected the most complete specimen as the second-step lectotype of A. dugandii (F barcode V0092453F) (ICN article 9.17; Turland et al. 2018). Moreover, Müller-Argoviensis (1869) indicated the gathering Warming s.n. in the prologue of A. venosum but did not cite in which herbarium the type would be deposited. Thus, we selected a specimen with flower remains from this collection as the lectotype of A. venosum (C barcode C10005743) (ICN article 9.3; Turland et al. 2018). For that same reason, we elected a specimen from the single gathering cited by Hassler (1913) that belonged to his personal herbarium as the lectotype of A. polyneuron var. longifolium (G barcode G00108709) (ICN article 9.3; Turland et al. 2018). Also, since Saldanha da Gama (1865) did not explicitly indicate any gathering in the protologue of A. peroba , we understand that this name has no nomenclatural type attached to it. According to the ICN article 9.13 ( Turland et al. 2018): “If no original material is extant or as long as it is missing, a neotype may be selected.”. Therefore, we elected a specimen with follicles as the neotype of A. peroba (R barcode R000023957) (ICN article 9.13; Turland et al. 2018).

Lastly, according to the ICN article 24.3 ( Turland et al. 2018), designations of infraspecific taxa that were intended to include the type of the species to which they were assigned were not validly published whenever they had infraspecific epithets like “ genuinum ” (e.g., “ A. polyneuron var. genuinum ”).

We consider A. polyneuron var. puberulum as a synonym of A. polyneuron since its features may also be found in the latter, such as the lanceolate leaves with brochidodromous venation and numerous secondary veins (ca. 26–38), flowers with entirely tomentose ovary, and botuliform follicles.