Bactrocera (Bactrocera) dorsalis ( Hendel, 1912 )

Leblanc, Luc, Hossain, M. Aftab, Momen, Mahfuza & Seheli, Kajla, 2021, New country records, annotated checklist and key to the dacine fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae: Dacini) of Bangladesh, Insecta Mundi 2021 (880), pp. 1-56 : 9

Bactrocera (Bactrocera) dorsalis ( Hendel, 1912)

(= Musca ferruginea Fabricius, 1794 , Bactrocera conformis Doleschall, 1858 , Chaetodacus ferrugineus var. okinawanus Shiraki, 1933 , Dacus semifemoralis Tseng, Chen and Chu, 1992 , Dacus yilanensis Tseng, Chen and Chu, 1992 , Bactrocera papayae Drew and Hancock, 1994 , Bactrocera philippinensis Drew and Hancock, 1994 , Bactrocera invadens Drew, Tsuruta and White, 2005 , Bactrocera variabilis Lin and Wang in Lin et al. (2011))

Figures 7–8

Distribution. Widespread through tropical Asia, from Pakistan to Taiwan and south to New Guinea; introduced to Africa and various islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans (see map in Vargas et al. 2015).

Bangladesh records. 118,942 specimens. BARISHAL DIVISION: Barishal and Jhalokathi Districts. CHAT- TOGRAM DIVISION: Bandarban Hill, Bramhanbaria, Chandpur, Chattogram, Cox’s Bazar, Cumilla, Feni, Khagrachari Hill, Laxmipur, Noakhali, and Rangamati Hill Districts. DHAKA DIVISION: Dhaka, Faridpur, Gazipur, Gopalgonj, Kishorgonj, Madaripur, Manikganj, Munshiganj, Narayanganj, Narsingdi, Rajbari, Shariatpur, and Tangail Districts. KHULNA DIVISION: Chuadanga, Jashore, Jhenaidah, Khulna, Kushtia, Magura, Meherpur, Narail, and Satkhira Districts. MYMENSINGH DIVISION: Jamalpur, Mymensingh, Netrokona, and Sherpur District. RAJSHAHI DIVISION: Bogura, Chapai Nawabgonj, Joypurhat, Naogaon, Natore, Pabna, Rajshahi, and Sirajganj Districts. RANGPUR DIVISION: Dinajpur, Gaibandha, Kurigram, Lalmonirhat, Nilphamari, Panchagarh, Rangpur, and Thakurgaon Districts. SYLHET DIVISION: Habiganj, Moulvibazar, Sunamgonj, and Sylhet Districts.

Male lure. Methyl eugenol, zingerone (but no record of attraction to latter in Bangladesh yet).

Host plants. A highly polyphagous fruit pest with reliable published records for 500 host taxa in 219 genera and 81 families ( Allwood et al. 1999; Liquido et al. 2021). Recorded hosts in Bangladesh include mango ( Mangifera indica L. - Anacardiaceae ), carambola ( Averrhoa carambola L. - Oxalidaceae ), and guava ( Psidium guajava L. - Myrtaceae ) ( Kabir et al. 1991).

Notes. Oriental fruit fly is by far the most numerous species in Bangladesh. On the Indian subcontinent, including Bangladesh, this species exhibits a broad range of scutum color pattern variation, similar to that in Africa ( Leblanc et al. 2013) ( Fig. 7E–L ), whereas further east, the dark scutum form is dominant ( Fig. 7B ). In Bangladesh, Hossain et al. (2019) studied the seasonal abundance of B. dorsalis in relation to abiotic factors and host plants for making management decisions. Male annihilation technique is practiced to control this pest fly in the northwestern part of Bangladesh ( Uddin et al. 2016). To optimize the required irradiation dose for post-harvest quarantine treatments, Akhter et al. (2008) monitored adult emergence from treated bananas artificially infested with third instar larvae. They observed that a 150 Gy treatment completely prevented larval development and adult emergence. The parasitoid wasp Diachasmimorpha longicaudata ( Ashmead, 1905) ( Hymenoptera : Braconidae ) was bred by Mahfuza Momen from larvae of B. dorsalis infesting guava, in September 2019, at the Atomic Agency Research Establishment compound, in Savar, Dhaka.

Figures

Figure 7. Bactrocera (Bactrocera) dorsalis (Hendel). A) Head. B) Head and scutum. C) Abdomen, female. D) Abdomen, male. E–L) Scutum variation in Bangladesh (after Leblanc et al. 2013). M–Q) Abdomen variation in Bangladesh (after Leblanc et al. 2013).

Figure 8. Bactrocera (Bactrocera) dorsalis (Hendel). A) Wing (after Leblanc et al. 2014). B) Lateral view, female. C) Lateral view, male. D) Distribution in Bangladesh.