Bisifusarium keratinophilum H.Y. Wang, X. Li & Y.F. Han, 2024

Wang, Hai-Yan, Li, Xin, Dong, Chun-Bo, Zhang, Yan-Wei, Chen, Wan-Hao, Liang, Jian-Dong & Han, Yan-Feng, 2024, Two new species of Sordariomycetes (Chaetomiaceae and Nectriaceae) from China, MycoKeys 102, pp. 301-315 : 301

Bisifusarium keratinophilum H.Y. Wang, X. Li & Y.F. Han sp. nov.

Fig. 2

Etymology.

Referring to degradation properties of chicken feathers.

Type.

China: Shandong Province, Jinan City, Jinan Zoo (36°42'14"N, 116°58'55"E), soil, July 2021, Xin Li & Yan-Feng Han, ex-type CGMCC 3.23621 = GZUIFR 22.370, dried holotype GZAC 22.370 .

Description.

Culture characteristics: Colonies growing on MEA, OA and PDA after 7 days of incubation at 25 °C. On MEA, reaching up 20-25 mm diam., thick villiform, cream (RAL9001) at the centre, oyster white (RAL1013) at the edge, mostly regular in the margin, reverse light ivory (RAL 1015); On OA, reaching up 25-35 mm diam.; pure white (RAL9010), thin, villiform, mostly regular in the margin, reverse tele grey 4 (RAL7047); On PDA, reaching up 25-30 mm diam.; cream (RAL9001), thin, short villiform, mostly regular in the margin, reverse cream (RAL9001).

On PDA medium, Hyphae septate, hyaline, smooth, thick-walled, 1.5-3.5 μm wide. Conidiophores arising from hyphae, solitary, smooth, mostly clavate, 5-25 × 1-2.5 μm. Phialidic pegs arising from hyphae. Monophialides laterally on hyphae or phialidic pegs, cylindrical, erect. Polyphialides absent. Macroconidia produced by monophialidic conidiophores, mostly 0-1septate, rarely 2-septate, mostly crescent, rarely clavate, 12-23.0 × 2.0-3.5 μm (av. 16 × 2.5 μm, n = 50). Microconidia produced by later phialidic pegs, monocelled, cymbiform, 6.0-9.5 × 1.5-2.5 μm (av. 7.5 × 2.0 μm, n = 50).

Additional materials examined.

China: Shandong Province, Jinan City, Jinan Zoo (36°42'14"N, 116°58'55"E), soil, July 2021, living cultures GZUIFR 22.371, GZUIFR 22.372 .

Notes.

Phylogenetically, our three strains (CGMCC 3.23621, GZUIFR 22.371 and GZUIFR 22.372) of Bisifusarium keratinophilum H.Y. Wang, X. Li & Y.F. Han sp. nov. clustered in a single separate clade with a high support value (BI/ML 1/100). Although it was closely related to B. allantoides O. Savary, M. Coton, E. Coton & J.L. Jany and B. penicilloides O. Savary, M. Coton, E. Coton & J.L. Jany in the phylogenetic tree, B. allantoides had allantoidal macroconidia ( Savary et al. 2021) and B. penicilloides had ellipsoidal and reniform macroconidia and absent microconidia ( Savary et al. 2021). Bisifusarium keratinophilum can be distinguished from the other previously described species by having crescent and clavate macroconidia and cymbiform microconidia.

Our team found that B. keratinophilum has the ability to degrade chicken feathers. Specific method: the spore suspension (107spores per millilitre) was inoculated into the fermentation medium containing 1g chicken feathers and cultured in a shaking table at 150 rpm, 30 °C for 96 h, then the chicken feather residue was filtered, dried and weighed. This fungus had a good degradation effect on chicken feathers with the degradation rate of 52.02%.

Figures

Figure 2. Morphological characteristics of Bisifusarium keratinophilum sp. nov. a-c front and reverse of colony on MEA, OA and PDA after 7 days at 25 ° C d, e conidiophores and macroconidia f phialidic pegs g hyphae h, i microconidia. Scale bars: 10 μm (d-i).