Bonea zhui, Zhang, Chao, Kury, Adriano B. & Zhang, Feng, 2013

Zhang, Chao, Kury, Adriano B. & Zhang, Feng, 2013, Notes on Bonea Roewer, 1914 and Lomanius Roewer, 1923 (Opiliones: Laniatores: Podoctidae), with the description of three new species from China, Zootaxa 3630 (2), pp. 201-224 : 211-215

Bonea zhui sp. nov.

Figs. 39–57

Type material. Male holotype, CHINA: Hainan Province, Mt. Jianfengling, about 190 m alt., [N 18.7°, E 108.8°], December 13, 1989, M. S. Zhu leg. (MHBU-Opi-ZMS89009), 1 Ƥ (MHBU-Opi-ZMS89010) paratype, same data as holotype.

Diagnosis. Median spine between eyes has two conspicuous branches; carapace, scutal areas I, IV, and free tergite I each has long median spines; femur of pedipalpus with five setiferous tubercles ventrally; second segment of chelicera with one prominent tooth on retro-ventral surface.

Etymology. The specific name is a patronymic in honor of Prof. Mingsheng Zhu (1950–2010), the collector of the type materials and a prominent researcher of Chinese arachnids.

Description. Male (holotype) habitus as in Figs. 39–40 . Coloration: entire body rusty yellow, with somewhat dark brown patches on the dorsum; median area of carapace with dark brown reticulations; each side of carapace dark brown; lateral ridges of the scutum margined with brown; venter lighter in color than dorsum; coxae and free sternites yellow; free sternites with obscure transverse brown band; chelicerae and pedipalpus yellow, both of them with brown reticulate markings above; legs yellow to brown, femur and tibia lighter.

Dorsum. Dorsal scutum approximately quadrate in shape, sides slightly bulged at the region of the first scutum; abdomen broadly rounded posteriorly. Carapace with a row of four tubercles on each side of front margin near antero-lateral corner, also with two subequal spines behind these tubercles. Eyes separated; each eye with one anterior tubercle extending forward to touch tubercle from the frontal margin of carapace, between eyes with strong elevation tipped by a large bifurcate spine. Posterior to the median elevation on carapace with two large median spines. Opisthosomal region of scutum with five areas, the first area without a median furrow. The first and fourth areas with two enlarged median spines. The first free tergite with a row of seven spines, three the largest in the middle. Other free tergites each with a row of hair-tipped granules. All areas with small hair-tipped granules. Each lateral margin of the scutum with a longitudinal row of hair-tipped granules.

Venter. All coxae and genital operculum granulate, coxa I with coarse hair-tipped tubercles on anterior side. Coxa II with an enlarged tubercle prolateral and a large bifurcated tubercle retrolateral at tip of the margin ( Fig. 40 ). Coxa III with prolateral and retrolateral rows of small humps. Coxa IV widened, with several enlarged hairtipped tubercles on the prolateral surface, the largest one on the prolateral distal side. Free sternites each with a transverse row of small hair-tipped granules. Tracheal stigmata visible.

Chelicera ( Figs. 41–43 ). Relatively long. Proximal segment S-shaped; the dorsal surface with numerous teeth; ventral surface retrolaterally with a row of 10 large teeth, prolaterally with a row of three teeth separated far away. Second segment armed with 11 enlarged teeth on prodorsal surface and one prominent tooth on retroventral surface. Fingers relatively strong, inner edges toothed as illustrated in Fig. 43 : one stout MBT, two tiny MMT, three MDT, one molar FBT, one crest FMT, and three FDT.

Pedipalpus ( Figs. 45–46 ). Coxa dorsally with one strongly bifurcating setiferous tubercle. Trochanter with three setiferous tubercles ventrally, but dorsally smooth. Femur somewhat widened proximally, ventrally with five setiferous tubercles, and with a setiferous tubercle on the prolateral distal side. Patella with a setiferous tubercle retrolateral and two prolateral setiferous tubercles. Tibia with three prolateral and four retrolateral setiferous tubercles. Tarsus with three setiferous tubercles on both sides of ventral surface. Tarsal claw shorter than tarsus, slightly curved.

Legs. Trochanter I dorsally with one enlarged tubercle, ventrally with four enlarged tubercles, femur I dorsally with a row of twelve setiferous tubercles, ventrally with a row of eight setiferous tubercles, patella and tibia with many setiferous tubercles, arranged more or less in five rows ( Fig. 44 ). Femur II with four enlarged setiferous tubercles dorsally. Femur III with 3–4 enlarged setiferous tubercles prolaterally. Femur IV with 3–4 dorsally and 1–2 enlarged setiferous tubercles ventrally. Patella II–IV dorsally with 1–2 enlarged setiferous tubercles respectively. Tarsi III–IV with bare double claws, with scopulae. Tarsal formula: 3/4/5/5. Distitarsus of the first and second tarsi with two tarsalia.

Penis ( Figs. 54–57 ). Slender with shaft widened distally. Distal margin of ventral plate with a wide median cleft. Setae arranged as follow: six dorsal setae, six ventral setae, and two lateral setae. Basal sac sunken into truncus. Lamellar sack somewhat as the shape of tulip, distal margin with obscure serrated rim. Clasping lobe bifurcated, protruding beyond distal margin of glans. Stylus between the clasping lobe wholly sunken into lamellar sack, invisible.

Female. In general appearance, similar to the male but with trapezoid (instead of subrectangular) scutum, reduced median interocular spine ( Fig. 47 ), basichelicerite shorter and less strongly armed and pedipalpus without bottle-shaped swelling ( Figs. 48–50 ). Inner edges of cheliceral finger toothed as illustrated ( Fig. 51 ): one MBT, two MMT, three MDT, two FBT, one FMT, and three FDT.

Ovipositor as illustrated in Figs. 52–53 . Each lobe with two ventral and three dorsal setae. Tip of each seta somewhat spherical ( Fig. 53 ).

Measurements. Male holotype (female paratype): body 3.67 (3.67) long, 2.75 (2.81) wide at the widest portion, scutum 3.26 (3.26) long. Pedipalpus claw 0.43 (0.43) long. Penis 1.30 long. Measurements of left pedipalpus and right legs as in Table 3 .

Habitat. Collected under fallen logs in the humid tropical forest.

Distribution. China: Hainan (Mt. Jianfengling).

Notes. Bonea zhui sp. nov. has similar appearance of body and cheliceral tubercles to some species not currently placed in Bonea , such as Hoplodino gapensis Suzuki, 1972 , H. hoogstraali Suzuki, 1977 , Lundulla bifurcata Roewer, 1927 , and Baramella quadrispina (Roewer, 1915) . Bonea zhui sp. nov. is distinguished from the latter species by the first area and the first free tergite with long median spines, the teeth on male basichelicerite distinctively stouter than that of Hoplodino hoogstraali (Suzuki 1977b: 28, figs B–C), and the teeth on female basichelicerite more conspicuous than that of H. gapensis (Suzuki 1972: 8, figs 14–15). Second segment of chelicera armed with more tubercles than that of Baramella quadrispina and Lundulla bifurcata on prodorsal surface (Roewer 1923: 182, fig. 204; Roewer 1927: 319, fig. 25). Moreover, the penis of Hoplodino hoogstraali has paired small horn-shaped processes on ventral plate (Suzuki 1977b: 27, figs E–F), which is differs from the species of Bonea .

Figures

FIGURES 39 – 46. Bonea zhui sp. nov. 39. Male body, lateral view. 40. Dorsal view. 41. Left chelicera of male, prolateral view. 42. Retrolateral view. 43. Distal segment of the left chelicera, male, frontal view. 44. Right leg I of male, retrolateral view. 45. Left pedipalpus of male, retrolateral view. 46. Patella, tibia, and tarsus of male left pedipalpus, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURES 47 – 51. Bonea zhui sp. nov. 47. Female body, dorsal view. 48. Left pedipalpus of female, retrolateral view. 49. Left chelicera of female, prolateral view. 50. Retrolateral view. 51. Cheliceral fingers of female, frontal view. Scale bars: 1 mm (47 – 50); 0.25 mm (51).

FIGURES 52 – 57. Bonea zhui sp. nov. 52. Ovipositor, dorsal view. 53. Ventral view. 54. Penis, dorsal view. 55. Distal part of penis, dorsal view. 56. Lateral view. 57. Ventral view. Scale bars: 0.25 mm (52 – 53, 55 – 57); 0.5 mm (54).

Tables

TABLE 3. Pedipalpus and leg measurements of the male holotype (female paratype) of Bonea zhui sp. nov.

	Trochanter	Femur	Patella	Tibia	Metatarsus	Tarsus	Total
Pedipalpus	0.60(0.45)	1.55(1.00)	0.78(0.68)	0.85(0.68)		0.85(0.65)	4.63(3.46)
Leg I	0.38(0.40)	2.35(1.68)	0.66(0.61)	1.28(0.92)	2.14(1.73)	0.71(0.66)	7.52(6.00)
Leg II	0.55(0.50)	6.53(5.46)	0.87(0.92)	5.81(4.59)	4.85(4.13)	1.48(1.38)	20.09(16.98)
Leg III	0.55(0.50)	4.08(3.32)	0.87(0.92)	2.81(2.45)	4.08(3.47)	0.71(0.66)	13.10(11.32)
Leg IV	0.63(0.60)	5.61(4.95)	0.87(0.92)	3.98(3.42)	5.87(5.65)	0.71(0.66)	17.67(16.11)