Bruchidius grandemaculatus ( Pic, 1933 )

Delobel, Alex, Ru, Bruno Le, Genson, Gwenaëlle, Musyoka, Boaz K. & Kergoat, Gael J., 2015, Molecular phylogenetics, systematics and host-plant associations of the Bruchidius albosparsus (Fåhraeus) species group (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae) with the description of four new species, Zootaxa 3931 (4), pp. 451-482 : 466-467

Bruchidius grandemaculatus ( Pic, 1933)

Bruchus grandemaculatus Pic, 1933:20 .

Bruchidius grandemaculatus (Pic) : Zampetti, 1988:102.

Material examined. Type (male) of Bruchidius grandemaculatus : Kenya: “Lamu I. / Kenya Colony ” “ April–May 1911 / H.J.A. Turner” “Museum Paris / coll. Pic” “ Type ” [ MNHN].

Other material: Kenya: 2♂, 2♀, Tsavo, Mackinnon, 3°43’54’’S 39°02’07’’E, 379m vii.2001, ex Vachellia nilotica seeds [1♂ 0 5501, 2♀ 0 5401, 0 5601, specimen G11 used for DNA extraction] (B. Le Ru) [ CBGP, MNHN]; 8♂, 13♀, Kerio 00°32’26’’N 35°31’31’’E, 1282m, 17.vii.2007, ex V. tortilis spirocarpa seeds [1♂ 09707] (B. Le Ru) [ CBGP, MNHN]; 2♂, 1♀, Marigat, 00°28’13’’N 35°54’30’E, 1265m, 18.vi.2007, ex Senegalia senegal seeds [1♂ 06708] (B. Le Ru) [ MNHN]; 3♂, Marigat, 00°20’49’’N 35°56’00’’E, 1322m, 17.v.2007, ex S. senegal seeds (B. Le Ru) [ CBGP, MNHN]; 10♂, 16♀, Malindi, 03°08’03’’S 40°08’05’’E, 33m, 31.xii.2007, ex V. nilotica seeds [specimen GK210 used for DNA extraction] (B. Le Ru) [ CBGP, MNHN]; 1♀, Tsavo (Voi), 22.xi–2.xii.1996 (M. Snizek) [ OLML]; 1♂, Tsavo, 23.iii–4.iv.1997 (M. Halada) [ OLML].

A medium to large-sized (2.6–4.4 mm) species, body color variable, darker specimens with elytra largely black, with disc brownish, and lighter specimens mostly tawny, with black markings only in apical fourth of elytra; female darker than male, elytra largely black with elongated spots of light setae in interstriae; anterior legs and antennae testaceous, posterior legs reddish brown with base often black; last visible tergite brown, with a median and two lateral lines of white setae. Other distinctive morphological traits: antenna short, submoniliform; elytra with wide protuberance bearing two large blunt teeth at base of striae 3 and 4; ventrite 1 with small basal ovoid area of thin, semi-erect setae; last visible tergite strongly turned under apically in male; in female, with two large and shallow apical impressions surrounding a narrow median bulge.

Genitalia ( Figs. 16–17 ). Median lobe elongated, slightly widened apically (w/l = 0.13), basal hood moderately widened; ventral valve small, subtriangular, folded in middle, with two lateral groups of 2–3 setae; basal third of internal sac densely lined with strands of tubercles that are strongly sclerotized anteriorly, and become translucent posteriorly; posterior part of internal sac with various spinules and setae, and a complex structure composed of lightly sclerotized plates with dense setation and a pair of small lateral pockets; gonopore wide, sclerotized; basal strut narrow, with small keel; lateral lobes cleft to about 80% their length; apex bearing 6 setae. In female, vagina short, no dorsal sclerite at entrance of bursa copulatrix.

Biology. Examined material was reared from seeds of three Mimosoideae collected in Kenya: Senegalia senegal , Vachellia nilotica and V. tortilis spirocarpa .

Discussion. As underlined beforehand, B. grandemaculatus is morphologically similar to B. glomeratus . It differs by is larger size, darker coloration and the color of its antennae. In female, the last visible tergite is also more bulging than in B. glomeratus . Male genitalia of both species are also quite distinctive (see Figs. 16–17 for B. grandemaculatus and Figs. 13–14 for B. glomeratus ).

Distribution. Burundi ( Pic 1933), Democratic Republic of Congo ( Pic 1933), Kenya, and Somalia ( Zampetti 1988).

Bruchidius haladai Delobel , sp. nov.

Type material. Holotype (male) of Bruchidius haladai : Kenya: “ Kenya, Malindi / ex Acacia nilotica 33m / S 03°08.054’ E 40°08.098’ / 31 décembre 2007, B. Le Ru coll.” “Genitalia: lame Delobel 00814” “ Holotype ” “ Bruchidius / haladai sp. nov. / Delobel des., 2014” [ MNHN]. Paratypes: 8♂, 12♀, same data as holotype [2♂ 0 7809, 0 7909, 1♀ 00410] [ MNHN].

Other material: Kenya: 7♂, Voi (Tsavo), 11–14.iv.1997 [1♂ 13607, specimen GK245 used for DNA extraction] (M. Halada) [ OLML]; 1♂, Tsavo, Voi, 22.xi–2.xii.1996 [1♂ 06909] (M. Halada) [ OLML]; 1♂, 1♀, Tsavo, Voi, 22.xi–2.xii.1996 (M. Snizek) [ OLML]; 1♂, Voi, 13–17.xii.1997 (M. Snizek) [ OLML]; 2♀, Voi, 8–18.xi.1996 (M. Snizek) [ OLML]; 1♂, 1♀, Tsavo, Voi, 23.iii.–4.iv.1997 (M. Snizek) [ OLML]. Zimbabwe, 1♂, 50km NW Chipinge, 25.i.1998 (M. Halada) [ OLML].

Description. Length (pronotum-last visible tergite): 2.9 mm; width: 1.7 mm.

Body stout, last visible tergite vertical. Integument dark brown to black, antennomeres 1–4(5) reddish brown, (5)6–10 black, 11 reddish brown apically; mouthparts and vertes reddish; anterior legs yellowish brown with femora partly blackened and last 2 or 3 tarsomeres black; posterior legs dark brown to black; base of last visible tergite lighter coloured.

Vestiture made of long, moderately dense white, yellowish, brown and black setae; pronotum with black setae anteriorly, disc with diffuse brown spots; basal lobe with long white or yellowish setae; on elytra, black dots arranged in two transversal stripes on interstriae 3, 5, 7 and 9; a wide longitudinal stripe along suture (except in basal fourth), on interstriae 1 and 2, and 3 in posterior third; apex black with 4–5 small brown dots; last visible tergite with two dark basal dots and small irregular black areas.

Male. Head short, with eyes strongly bulging, maximum head width 1.7 times width behind eyes; eyes separated by 0.17 times head width including eyes; face long and very narrow, with distance between posterior rim of eyes and apex of clypeus / distance between eyes = 4.1; eye cleft only to middle, width at bottom of sinus composed of 12 ommatidia; carina on frons not defined, interocular tubercle distinct, flattened, dull.

Punctuation of face irregular, apex of clypeus straight, alutaceous. Antenna measuring 0.85 times body length; antennal segments 2–3 moniliform, of equal length, together shorter than 4, 5–10 widened apically, serrate, strongly eccentric, 4 as wide as long, 5–10 much wider than long, 8 1.3 times wider than long, 11 oval (l/w = 2.2). Length of antennomeres: 2.4; 1.0; 1.0; 2.7; 2.8; 2.8; 3.1; 2.9; 3.2; 3.5; 5.1.

Pronotum subtrapezoidal, with greatest width at base (w/l = 1.33), its sides bulging near middle, not expanded behind eyes; its surface irregular, with two oblique impressions, on sides of basal lobe and near middle. Disc with punctures strong, coalescent and ocellate.

Elytra 1.12 times longer than combined width, their sides convex, maximum width beyond middle; two strong teeth at base of interstria 4. Striae on disc shallow and narrow, with punctures small; interstriae shining, with strong microsculptures and rows of large punctures.

Hind femora moderately incrassated, mesoventral margin with strong preapical denticle; hind tibiae apically strongly widened, with dorsomesal and ventral carinae complete, lateral reaching base, and a ventro-lateral carina not reaching apex; apex of tibia with mucro about as long as width of tarsomere 1 at base; lateral denticle about 1/3 mucro length, and dorsal denticles about half as long as lateral denticle. First tarsomere ventrally with small denticle.

Abdomen with ventrite 5 deeply emarginate; ventrite 1 basally with small patch of white setae. Last visible abdominal tergite subtriangular, 1.1 times longer than wide at base, with apex not turned under, in female without foveae.

Genitalia ( Figs. 18–19 ). Median lobe of moderate length, stout (maximum width excluding basal hood/ total length = 0.16), not apically widened; basal hood large and wide, not emarginate; ventral valve acutely triangular, bearing two lateral groups of 5 setae; dorsal valve braced by a wide sclerotized ring; no hinge sclerites; basal part of internal sac with 18 strongly sclerotized spines; saccus lined with minute pointed tubercles, and with two small thorn-like sclerites; distal tube with long, dense needles. Basal strut with large keel; lateral lobes cleft to 80% their length, pubescent; apex of parameres with about 15 short setae.

Female. Similar to male, but antennae shorter, segments 1–4 moniliform, 5–10 more or less darkened, sometimes whole antenna reddish brown. Vagina long and membranous, with a small thorn-like sclerite in dorsal position at entrance of bursa copulatrix.

Biology. Reared from Vachellia nilotica seeds.

Discussion. Bruchidius haladai compares most closely with B. uberatus , from which it differs mainly in a very distinctive arrangement of large sclerotized teeth in the internal sac ( Fig. 18 ; see Fig. 25 for B. uberatus ). Bruchidius uberatus has a wide distribution in Africa (from Mauritania and North Africa to Republic of South Africa and Namibia, also present in the Arabic Peninsula, Iran and India, whereas B. haladai seems restricted to East Africa. A stout median lobe, pointed ventral valve, numerous large spines in the internal sac, basal strut with large dorsal keel, are also met in a species that belong to a phylogenetically distant lineage ( Delobel et al. 2013); B. hinnulus (Fåhraeus) . Bruchidius haladai however differs from B. hinnulus in the smaller number and larger size of spines in the internal sac.

Etymology. Species dedicated to Marek Halada, who collected several specimens in the Tsavo National Park.

Distribution. Kenya and Zimbabwe.

Figures

FIGURES 16 – 19. Bruchidius grandemaculatus (male): 16 — median lobe (ventral view); 17 — lateral lobes (ventral view); Bruchidius haladai: 18 — median lobe (ventral view); 19 — lateral lobes (ventral view).

FIGURES 13 – 15. Bruchidius glomeratus (male): 13 — median lobe (ventral view); 14 — lateral lobes (ventral view); Bruchidius basilewskyi (male, paratype, MNHN): 15 — median lobe (ventral view).

FIGURES 25 – 26. Bruchidius uberatus (male): 25 — median lobe (ventral view); 26 — lateral lobes (ventral view).