Burmeistera obtusifolia E.Wimm., Repert., 2023

González, Favio, 2023, Taxonomic revision of Burmeistera (Campanulaceae-Lobelioideae) in Colombia, Phytotaxa 615 (1), pp. 1-113 : 70-72

37. Burmeistera obtusifolia E.Wimm., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 29: 58. 1931.

Type:— COSTA RICA: El Copey, “3 milia passuum inter septentrionem et orientem solem ab hoc loco 2400 m ”, Apr 1928 (fl), H. E. Stork 1633 (holotype: F! [ F0052911 F]). Figs. 19A–D , 20 .

Burmeistera prunifolia McVaugh, J. Wash.Acad. Sci. 39: 162. 1949. Type:— COLOMBIA. Valle de Cauca: Cordillera Occidental , vertiente occidental, hoya del Río “Dígua”, lado derecho, La Elsa, 1000‒1200 m, 9 Nov 1943 (fl, fr), J. Cuatrecasas 15329 (holotype: MICH! [ MICH1111447 ]; isotypes: COL! [ COL000004740 , COL000004741 ], F! [ F0052927 F, F0052926 F], G! [ G00236669 ], US! [US00146951]) .

Burmeistera knaphusii Lammers, Novon 12: 212. 2002, syn. nov. Type :— ECUADOR. Carchi: mountain E & NE, forest area along slope of mountain Jan of Rafael Quindí’s mountain finca and above Río Verde , 00° 52´N, 78°07 W, 1870‒2400 m, 3 Dec 1987 (fl), W. S . Hoover 2276 (holotype: MO! [MO-277260]; isotype: QCA! [ QCA26904 ]) .

Upright to scandent herbs or shrubs up to 4 m tall. Stem puberulous, slightly strigose when mature due to the persistent bases of the trichomes. Petiole 2–7 (–11) mm long, puberulous; blade ovate, 3.0–10.5 × 1.3–3.5 cm, glabrous or with few scattered trichomes especially in the proximal region above, puberulous especially along the venation beneath, base obtuse, rounded or occasionally subcordate, often asymmetric, apex acute, acuminate or cuspidate, margin subentire to slightly crenate, with 1 to 3 intramarginal (rarely marginal) hydathodes per cm, secondary veins 6 to 11 per side, veins of higher order markedly reticulate, intramarginal vein lacking. Peduncle 1.8–4.0 cm long, puberulous especially at its distal portion, ebracteolate. Hypanthium obconic, 4–8 × 3–5 mm, glabrescent to sparsely puberulous. Calyx lobes linear, 4–11 × 0.5–3.0 mm, strongly reflexed, sometimes patent, glabrous, basally spaced by sinuses 0.7–1.0 mm wide, margin slightly toothed, with 1–3 projections per side, apex acute. Corolla green occasionally suffused with purple or pale lavender, glabrescent; tube 1.5–2.2 cm long, 2–3 mm diameter at its mid- and distal level, slightly inflated proximally; lobes elliptic to narrowly ovate, falcate, apex acute, dorsal lobes 6–12 × 2–3 mm, lateral lobes 5–7 × 2–3 mm, ventral lobe 4–6 × 2–3 mm. Synandrium 2.5–3.2 cm long, exserted up to 11 mm; filament tube 2.3–2.8 cm long, glabrous or with scattered trichomes at its distal portion; anther tube 2–4 mm long, glabrous except for the apically barbate ventral anthers. Berries subglobose to obconic, 4–8 mm × 4–6 mm, not inflated, glabrous, white.

Phenology: — Burmeistera obtusifolia has been collected with flowers and fruits in January, March to May, July to September, November and December.

Distribution, ecology and conservation status: — Burmeistera obtusifolia occurs in Costa Rica, Colombia and Ecuador. In Colombia, it occurs in sub-Andean, cloud forests of the Western Cordillera (Valle del Cauca) and the western slopes of the Andes of Nariño, at elevations between 1000 and 2524 m. Following the IUCN (2022) Guidelines, it is likely that this species is not threatened.

Notes: — Burmeistera obtusifolia is similar to B. breviflora and B. longifolia , from which it differs by the slightly strigose surface of the mature stems due to the persistent bases of the trichomes, the calyx lobes glabrous, the corolla glabrescent, and the white berries 4–8 mm long × 4–6 mm diameter (versus the mature stem smooth, the calyx lobes puberulous or densely hirsute-ciliate, the corolla puberulous, and the berries 1.6–3.0 × 1.5–2.6 cm, green, in B. breviflora and B. longifolia ).

After a careful examination of the type specimen and the original description of Burmeistera knaphusii , no differences were detected that would allow treating this species, described from Ecuador, as different from B. obtusifolia, Therefore , it is reduced to the synonymy of the latter.

Additional specimens examined:— Nariño. Ricaurte, La Planada, 1800 m, Nov 1993 (fl), M. Amaya 322 ( COL) ; Ricaurte , La Planada, 1900 m, 28 Nov 1976 (fl, fr), O. de Benavides 733 ( PSO) ; Ricaurte, camino de La Planada a Pialpí , Las Cruces, 1750 m, 5 Aug 1978 (fl), O. de Benavides 1459 ( PSO) ; Reserva La Planada, a 7 km de Chucunez , 1°10´N, 77°58´W, 1800 m, 16 Nov 1987 (fl), O. de Benavides 8960 ( PSO) ; Reserva La Planada , 19 Jan 1990 (fl), O. de Benavides 11357 ( PSO) ; Ricaurte, Reserva La Planada , 1800 m, 1–2 Sep 1990 (fl), O. de Benavides 11449 ( PSO), 11459 ( PSO) ; Barbacoas, corregimiento de Altaquer, vereda El Barro, Reserva Natural Río Ñambí , margen izquierda del río Ñambí , 01°18´N, 78°08´W, 1325 m, 11 Dec 1993 (fl), P. Franco et al. 5144 ( COL, NY) ; La Planada, south of Ricaurte, 7 km from Tumaco-Pasto road, 01º10´N, 77º58´W, 1800 m, 24 Jul 1986 (fl), A. Gentry et al. 55065 ( PSO) ; La Planada reserve, 7 km from Chucunez , 01º05´N, 78º01´W, 7 Jan 1988 (fl), A. Gentry et al. 60551 ( NY, PSO) ; La Planada Biological reserve, ca. 7 km south of Chucunez, along trail to Pialapi , 01º10´N, 77º55´W, ca. 1800‒1900 m, 6 Aug 1990 (fl), J. L. Luteyn et al. 13895 ( NY, PSO) ; La Planada Biological reserve, ca. 7 km S of Chucunez, along trail to Pialapi to Quebrada La Calledita , 01º10´N, 77º55´W, ca. 1800‒1900 m, 7 Aug 1990 (fl, fr), J. L. Luteyn et al. 13909 ( NY, PSO) ; Barbacoas, corregimiento Ortiz y Zamora, vereda El Barro, Reserva Natural Río Ñambí , ca. 5 km W de Altaquer, faldas occidentales de la Cordillera Occidental, 01°18´N, 78°08´W, 1350‒1400 m, 2 Sep 1997 (fl), J. Pipoly et al. 21116 ( PSO). Valle del Cauca. El Cairo, corregimiento de Boquerón, Reserva Cerro del Inglés, de El Refugio hacia el Cerro del Inglés , sobre el filo de la cordillera, 4.74694°N, 76.30672°W, 2524 m, 8 Mar 2012 (fl), R. Bernal et al. 4777 ( COL) ; El Cairo, Cerro del Inglés , 2000 m, 28–29 May 2008 (fl), J. Garzón et al. 451 ( COL), 470 ( COL), 472 ( COL), 478 ( COL) ; Valle-Chocó borde, El Cairo, corregimiento Boquerón , ca. 18 km de El Cairo , 1950 m, 22 Aug 2017 (fl), F. González 4697 ( COL) ; Campamento Tokio ( Telecom towers), above town of Queremal, 2000‒2075 m, 22 Apr 1979 (fl, fr), J. L. Luteyn et al. 7373 ( NY) ; El Cairo, corregimiento Boquerón, vereda Las Amarillas, Serranía de Los Paraguas , Cerro del Inglés , ca. 4º45´N, 76º20´W, ca. 2000‒2200 m, 14 May 1988 (fl, fr), J. L. Luteyn et al. 12388 ( CUVC, NY) ; Valle-Chocó border area, El Cairo, corregimiento Boquerón, vereda Las Amarillas , Serranía de Los Paraguas , ca. 21‒25 km beyond El Cairo, ca. 4º45´N, 76º20´W, 1850‒2000 m, 25 Apr 1989 (fl, fr), J. L. Luteyn et al. 12667 ( NY) ; Cordillera Occidental, Serranía de Los Paraguas , a 1 hora en carro de El Cairo, 2300‒2400 m, 28 Dec 1986 (fl), P. Silverstone et al. 2697 ( CUVC) ; Cerro del Inglés, Cordillera Occidental, Serranía de Los Paraguas , a 1 hora en jeep de El Cairo, 2260‒2300 m, 4–5 Jan 1987 (fl), P. Silverstone et al. 2946 ( CUVC), 3003 ( NY).

Figures

FIGURE 19. A–D. Burmeistera obtusifolia (Cuatrecasas 15329, type), leaf (A), leaf margin (B), flower (C), and berry (D). E, F. B. orientalis (Lozano et al. 2390, type), flowering branch (E), and flower (F). G–I. B. pennellii (Pennell 12119, type), leaf (G), leaf margin (H), and flower (I). J–M. B. pomifera (Idrobo 3917), leaf (J), leaf margin (K), flower (L), and berry (M). Scale bars: 5 mm in A, C, D, F, H–I, L, M; 2 mm in B, K; 1 cm in E, G, J.

FIGURE 20. Distribution of Burmeistera obtusifolia, B. orientalis, B. pennellii, B. pinnatisecta, B. pomifera, B. pteridioides, B. puberula and B. reclinata.