Ceratotrupes bolivari Halffter & Martínez, 1962

Arriaga-Jiménez, Alfonsina, Zunino, Mario, Halffter, Gonzalo, Escobar-Hernández, Fernando & Rossini, Michele, 2023, A taxonomic review of the endemic Mexican genus Ceratotrupes Jekel, 1865 (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae: Ceratotrupini), with the description of an unexpected new species from the Sierra Madre del Sur, European Journal of Taxonomy 885, pp. 1-20 : 7-9

Ceratotrupes bolivari Halffter & Martínez, 1962

Fig. 2

Ceratotrupes bolivari Halffter & Martínez 1962: 153 .

Ceratotrupes bolivari – Howden 1964: 46; 1974: 569; 2003: 100. — Zunino 1984: 109. — Morón & Deloya 1991: 216. — Navarrete-Heredia et al. 2001: 49. — Delgado & Márquez 2006: 84. — Halffter et al. 2008: 284. — Smith 2009: 4. — Trotta-Moreu & Lobo 2010: 46. — García de Jesús et al. 2013: 151, 158–159, 164–167. — Pérez-Villamares et al. 2016: 446–448. — Arriaga-Jiménez et al. 2018: 8; 2020: 498. — Alvarado et al. 2020: 5.

Diagnosis

Males and females of C. bolivari have lateral edges of pronotum and anterior angles completely curved; apical antennal lamella with semi-elliptical groove ( Fig. 2C ); anteromedial pronotal projection of male very long, almost reaching tip of cephalic horn.

Type material examined

Paratypes MEXICO – Morelos • 1 ♂; “ Morelos Huizilac 2400 m a.s.l. / 20 Sep. 1953 S. Bolivar / Paratype / Ceratotrupes bolivari Halffter & Martínez ”; CMNC 00030977 • 1 ♂; “La Venta 2500 m a.s.l. 18 Sep. 1953 / S. Bolivar, H. & A. Howden / Paratype / Ceratotrupes bolivari Halffter & Martínez Collection”; CMNC 00030981 • 1 ♂; “ Valle Grande, Rio Frio 20 Nov. 1952 J. Hendrichs / Paratype / Ceratotrupes bolivari Halffter & Martínez det. 1960”; CMNC 00030982 . – Durango • 1 ♂; “ La Campana, 19 mi. W. of El Salto 22 Sep 1950 Ray F. Smith / Howden coll. ex. A. Martínez coll. / Paratype / Ceratotrupes bolivari sp.n (male) Halffter & Martínez”; CMNC 00030984 • 1 ♂; “ Rio Frio 2950 m a.s.l. 19 Sep. 1953 S. Bolivar / Paratype / Ceratotrupes bolivari sp.n (male) Halffter & Martínez”; CMNC 00030985 .

Additional material examined

MEXICO – Durango • 1 ♂; “ Reserva ‘La Michilía’ 17 Jul.–9 Aug. 1987 bosque de pino-encino [pine-oak forest], trampa NTP 80 [NTP80 trap] / S. Anduaga ”; CEMT • 1 ♀; “ 20 mi. E of El Salto. 8000’ a.s.l. 17–19 Jun. 1971 / H.F. Howden leg.”; CMNC 00030989 . – Sinaloa • 1 ♀; “ Loberas 1900 m a.s.l. 10 Jul. 1994 / G. Nogueira leg.”; CEMT • 1 ♀; “ Loberas 1990 m a.s.l. 6 Aug. 1994 luz Hg [Hg light] D. Curoe leg.”; CEMT . – Sonora • 1 ♂; “ 3 km NW of Yécora , on hwy 16 1600 m a.s.l. 17–18 Jul. 1996. Oak, pine, juniper forest. human feces / W.D. Edmonds and P Reyes”; CEMT • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; CEMT • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; CEMT .

Redescription of the male

COLOUR. Body black, sometimes with purplish to bluish tinges near pronotal edges, and on elytral striation; dorsally, shining, pronotal tegument sometimes silky; antennal segments brown, antennal club brownish.

HEAD. Clypeus obtusely triangular, longitudinally crossed by a medial, high and triangular horn, projected forward, with apex curved upward; from posterior side, horn with medial, shallow depression; horn slightly narrow basally and thicker near apex, tip narrowly rounded; clypeal punctation dense and superficial; genae squared; frons smooth, unpunctured, with two oblique ridges along inner side of eyes. Apical antennal lamella with semi-elliptical groove ( Fig. 2C ).

THORAX. In lateral view, pronotum weakly convex; in dorsal view, posterior edge of pronotum completely margined, lateral edges evenly curved from posterior to anterior angles; fine punctures concentrated on midline of pronotal projection, isolated punctures close to lateral and anterior edges; in lateral view, anteromedial projection dorsally slightly depressed; in dorsal view, basal region of projection with sides convergent, apical region with parallel or slightly divergent sides; apex of projection widely emarginated at middle. Elytral interstriae slightly convex, unpunctured. Ventral side of thoracic sclerites (i.e., pro-, meso- and metasternum) with long, yellowish setae.

LEGS. Protibiae robust, with six external teeth, ventral side with a longitudinal, crenulated carina; apical spur long and slender; meso- and metatibiae respectively with 3 and 4 entire, transversal carinae on posterior side; femora unmodified, with long yellowish setae.

Sexual dimorphism

Female specimens have clypeal horn distinctly lower; from above, clypeal horn triangular-shaped; pronotal punctation simple, shallower and sparse on disc, stronger and denser near lateral and anterior edges; anteromedial pronotal protuberance callus-like and transverse, depressed on superior side and close to anterior pronotal edge; anterior angles simply curved.

Ecology and biogeography

Among the members of the genus, C. bolivari is the species with the widest distribution ( Fig. 6 ). It inhabits pine, oak, or mixed pine-oak forests, and open areas with alpine pastures between 900 and 3000 m a.s.l. ( Halffter & Martínez 1962).

The geographic range of this species encompasses the Sierra Madre Occidental. Its northernmost limit of distribution is located in the Mesa de Huracán with records from Yepachic, Chihuahua (unpublished data, material collected by P. Reyes-Castillo and W.D. Edmonds in 1996 and deposited in MNHN and IEXA), while the southernmost records come from the Sierra de Tapalpa, Jalisco. To the east, the distribution of C. bolivari is limited by the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, and specifically by the Cofre de Perote. To date, the easternmost records are a series of specimens collected in Omitlán de Juárez (Sierra de Pachuca, Hidalgo) ( Halffter et al. 2008).

Figures

Fig. 2. Ceratotrupes bolivari Halffter & Martínez, 1962 (CMNC). A–B. Dorsal habitus of male (A) and female (B). C. Detail of the elliptical groove of the last antennal lamella. D–E. Aedeagus in dorsal (D) and lateral view (E).

Fig. 6. Geographic distribution of the genus Ceratotrupes Jekel, 1865.