Chactopsis siapaensis González-Sponga, 1991

Ochoa, José A., Rojas-Runjaic, Fernando J. M., Pinto-da-Rocha, Ricardo & Prendini, Lorenzo, 2013, Systematic Revision Of The Neotropical Scorpion Genus Chactopsis Kraepelin, 1912 (Chactoidea: Chactidae), With Descriptions Of Two New Genera And Four New Species, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2013 (378), pp. 1-121 : 78-83

Chactopsis siapaensis González-Sponga, 1991

Figures 1 , 11C, D , 14B, C , 17A , 19C , 20C ,

21F , 23C, D , 42 , 43 , 44

Chactopsis siapaensis González-Sponga, 1991: 32–

37, 58–59, figs. 28–34, map 1; 1996: 111, 116, figs.

260–263; Sissom, 2000: 312; Soleglad and Sissom,

2001: 92; González-Sponga, 2001: 29, 41, 49, map

5; Lourenço, 2002b: 435; Rojas-Runjaic and de

Sousa, 2007: 299; Botero-Trujillo, 2008: 34.

TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype ³ [not ♀]

( MAGS 4615), paratype ³ ( MAGS 4613),

paratype ♀ ( MAGS 4614 ), 1 subad. ³ paratype ( MAGS 4706 ) ; 1 ³, 1 ♀ paratypes ( USNM), VENEZUELA: Amazonas: Municipio Rio Negro: Rio Mawarinuma [Baria River], base of tepui La Neblina , 00 ° 559N 66 ° 109W, ca. 140 m, 3.vii.1984, 18.ii.1985, P. Anduze, A. Paolillo, C. Brewer Carías, and R. Faitoute .

ADDITIONAL MATERIAL: VENEZUELA: Amazonas: Municipio Rio Negro: base camp on Río Mawarinuma [Baria River], base of tepui La Neblina, 00 ° 559N 66 ° 109W, ca. 140 m, 3.ii–5.iii.1984, R.G. Zweifel, 1 ♀ ( AMNH).

DIAGNOSIS: Chactopsis siapaensis appears to be most closely related to C. insignis and C. chullachaqui , n. sp., based on similarities in hemispermatophore morphology (figs. 8, 41, 44): flagellum short and curved; apex with ental fold situated proximally on ental margin; lamina with conspicuous, elongated pedicel, reaching dorsal apophysis; lobe region without additional concave fold; median lobe well developed, densely papillose; dorsal apophysis sclerotized, forming horn-shaped projection, slightly curved api- cally. The hemispermatophores of C. amazonica , C. barajuri , and C. curupira , n. sp. (figs. 26, 29, 38), differ from those of C. siapaensis , C. chullachaqui , n. sp., and C. insignis as follows (figs. 8, 41, 44): flagellum straight; apex with ental fold situated subproximally; pedicel of lamina short, not reaching dorsal lobe; lobe region with additional concave fold; median lobe mostly apapillose, except with fine papillae distal and dorsally; dorsal lobe forming crestshaped projection.

Chactopsis siapaensis may be distinguished from C. chullachaqui , n. sp., and C. insignis as follows (figs. 34, 40, 43): pedipalp chelal Est trichobothrium situated closer to V 3 than to Et 1 in C. siapaensis and C. insignis , but equidistant between V 3 and Et 1 in C. chullachaqui , n. sp.; patellar trichobothrium esb 2 situated distal to esb 3 in C. siapaensis and C. insignis , but situated slightly proximal to esb 3 in C. chullachaqui , n. sp.; chela with two porous areas at base of fixed finger, between DMA and DI carinae, and without porous areas at position of DI carina, in C. siapaensis and C. chullachaqui , n. sp., but with three porous areas between DMA and DI carinae, and two additional porous areas in position of DI carina, in C. insignis ; pectinal tooth count (³), 8/ 8 in C. siapaensis and C. chullachaqui , n. sp., compared with 9–10/ 10 in C. insignis ; telson (³), lateral and ventral surfaces granular in C. siapaensis and C. chullachaqui , n. sp., but lateral surfaces mostly smooth, ventral surfaces with few weak granules in C. insignis . The three species also differ in hemispermatophore morphology: the lamina is longer than the trunk, with a more slender apex in C. siapaensis and C. chullachaqui , n. sp., but approximately the same length as the trunk, with a broader apex in C. insignis ; the dorsal apophysis is less pronounced in C. siapaensis than in C. insignis and C. chullachaqui , n. sp.; the median trough is weakly developed and the median lobe entirely papillose on the ental surface in C. siapaensis , whereas the median trough is well developed and the median lobe densely papillose, except along the median trough, in C. insignis and C. chullachaqui , n. sp.; the median lobe is considerably extended ventrally, with the distal margin less folded toward the ventral surface in C. siapaensis and C. insignis , but moderately extended, with the distal margin markedly folded toward the ventral surface in C. chullachaqui , n. sp.; the pedicel of the lamina is approximately the same length as the ental fold in C. siapaensis , but longer than the ental fold in C. chullachaqui , n. sp.

SUPPLEMENTARY DESCRIPTION: The following supplements González-Sponga’s (1991) original description.

Trichobothria: Femur with three trichobothria (fig. 42A). Patella with 33 trichobothria (fig. 42B–D): two dorsal, seven ventral, 23 external, one internal; trichobothrium v 6 situated slightly closer to v 5 than to v 7; est 5 situated on VE margin, slightly distal to or in same axis as est 4; est 2 situated proximal to est 3 and est 4; em 2 situated slightly distal to em 1 and em 3, em 1 situated in same axis as em 3; esb 2 situated slightly distal to esb 3. Chela with 26 trichobothria (fig. 43): 10 situated on manus, three ventral, seven external (et 2 absent on one female chela; fig. 42C); 16 situated on fixed finger, seven external, six dorsal, three internal (it, isb, ib); ist absent; it situated in same axis as est; Est situated closer to V 3 than to Et 1; Et 1 and Et 2 situated approximately in same axis; eb situated proximal to base of fixed finger; db situated in same axis as esb; dm 1 situated in same axis as et 3.

Hemispermatophore: Lamina narrow and elongated (fig. 44A–C); apex slightly wider proximally, curved, and progressively tapering distally; flagellum short, curved; ental margin with short proximal fold; articular flexure present, well developed; pedicel moderately broadened, approximately same length as ental fold. Trunk slightly tortuous medially; sheathshaped part unknown (probably broken when dissected), ental concavity well developed; foot unknown. Lobe region well developed with two lobes; ental lobe moderately developed, sclerotized, forming projection toward ental surface; median lobe well developed, extending ventrally, ventral and ental surfaces densely papillose, distal margin moderately folded, median trough weakly developed; dorsal apophysis strongly sclerotized, forming hornshaped projection, slightly curved apically.

REMARKS: The sex of the holotype (³) was misidentified in the original description as ♀.

DISTRIBUTION: This species is known only from the state of Amazonas, Venezuela, near the border with Brazil (fig. 1).

HABITAT: The known locality of this species falls within primary rainforest at the base of tepui La Neblina.

Figures

Fig. 1. Distribution of Chactopsis Kraepelin, 1912, plotting known locality records in Brazil, Peru, and Venezuela. Chactopsis amazonica Lourenço and Francke, 1986, open circles; Chactopsis barajuri González- Sponga, 1982, solid triangle; Chactopsis buhrnheimi Lourenço, 2003, open star; Chactopsis curupira, n. sp., open triangle; Chactopsis chullachaqui, n. sp., open diamond; Chactopsis insignis Kraepelin, 1912, solid squares; Chactopsis siapaensis González-Sponga, 1991, open square; Chactopsis sujirima González-Sponga, 1982, solid circles; undetermined Chactopsis species, solid stars. Box indicates area mapped in figure 2.

Fig. 11. Chactopsis Kraepelin, 1912, carapace, dorsal aspect. A, B. Chactopsis insignis Kraepelin, 1912. A. ³ (MHNC). B. ♀ (MHNC). C, D. Chactopsis siapaensis González-Sponga, 1991. C. Holotype ³ (MAGS). D. ♀ (AMNH). Scale bars 5 1 mm.

Fig. 14. Chactopsis Kraepelin, 1912, sternum and pectines, ventral aspect. A. Chactopsis insignis Kraepelin, 1912. ³ (MHNC). B, C. Chactopsis siapaensis González-Sponga, 1991. B. Holotype ³ (MAGS). C. ♀ (AMNH). Scale bars 5 1 mm.

Fig. 17. Chactopsis Kraepelin, 1912, metasomal segments III–V, lateral aspect. A. Chactopsis siapaensis González-Sponga, 1991, holotype ³ (MAGS). B. Chactopsis sujirima González-Sponga, 1982, holotype ♀ (MAGS). Scale bars 5 1 mm.

Fig. 19. Chactopsis Kraepelin, 1912, metasomal segments I–IV, ventral aspect. A. Chactopsis curupira, n. sp., paratype ³ (MZSP). B. Chactopsis insignis Kraepelin, 1912, ³ (MHNC). C. Chactopsis siapaensis González-Sponga, 1991, holotype ³ (MAGS). Scale bars 5 1 mm.

Fig. 20. Chactopsis Kraepelin, 1912, metasomal segment V, lateral aspect. A. Chactopsis amazonica Lourenço and Francke, 1986, ♀ (MZSP). B. Chactopsis insignis Kraepelin, 1912, ♀ (MHNC). C. Chactopsis siapaensis González-Sponga, 1991, ♀ (AMNH). Scale bars 5 1 mm.

Fig. 21. Chactopsis Kraepelin, 1912, metasomal segment V, ventral aspect. A. Chactopsis amazonica Lourenço and Francke, 1986, ♀ (MZSP). B. Chactopsis barajuri González-Sponga, 1982, holotype ³ (MAGS). C. Chactopsis chullachaqui, n. sp., holotype ³ (MHNC). D. Chactopsis curupira, n. sp., paratype ³ (MZSP). E. Chactopsis insignis Kraepelin, 1912, ³ (MHNC). F. Chactopsis siapaensis González- Sponga, 1991, holotype ³ (MAGS). Scale bars 5 1 mm.

Fig. 23. Chactopsis Kraepelin, 1912, telson, lateral aspect. A, B. Chactopsis insignis Kraepelin, 1912. A. ³ (MHNC). B. ♀ (MHNC). C, D. Chactopsis siapaensis González-Sponga, 1991. C. holotype ³ (MAGS). D. ♀ (AMNH). E. Chactopsis sujirima González-Sponga, 1982, holotype ♀ (MAGS). Scale bars 5 1 mm.

Fig. 42. Chactopsis siapaensis González-Sponga, 1991, ♀ (AMNH), dextral pedipalp segments. A. Femur. B–D. Patella. A, B. Dorsal aspect. C. External aspect. D. Ventral aspect. Scale bar 5 1 mm.

Fig. 43. Chactopsis siapaensis González-Sponga, 1991, dextral pedipalp chela. A. Holotype ³ (MAGS). B–E. ♀ (AMNH). A, C. External aspect. B. Dorsal aspect. D. Ventral aspect. E. Internal aspect. Scale bars 5 1 mm.

Fig. 44. Chactopsis siapaensis González-Sponga, 1991, holotype ³ (MAGS), sinistral hemispermatophore. A. Ental aspect. B. Dorsal aspect. C. Ectal aspect. Scale bar 5 1 mm.