Chilicola (Chilicola) rubriventris Spinola

Gibbs, Jason & Packer, Laurence, 2006, Revision and phylogenetic analysis of Chilicola sensu stricto (Hymenoptera: Colletidae) with the description of a new species, Zootaxa 1355, pp. 1-37 : 6-10

Chilicola (Chilicola) rubriventris Spinola

Chilicola rubriventris Spinola, 1851 , Hist. Fis. Pol. Chile. Zool. Female.

Diagnosis: Males of this species can be easily distinguished from other members of the subgenus except C. pangue by the structure of the hind tibia ( Figs. 1E, F ). The anteroventral margin of the hind tibia is greatly expanded, reaching its maximum thickness basal to a deep preapical concavity; the distal margin of the expanded region is broadly concave; the apex forms a transverse lamina. Males of C. rubriventris may be most easily distinguished from C. pangue by the colour patterns of the face and hind basitarsus. Males of C. rubriventris have a yellow inverted T-shaped mark on the clypeus ( Fig. 1C ) and almost entirely yellow hind basitarsus ( Fig. 11E ). Chilicola pangue has a brown clypeus ( Fig. 5A ) and hind basitarsus with yellow only basoventrally ( Fig. 11D ). These two species may also be differentiated by the S7 dorsolateral lobes, which are clavate in C. rubriventris ( Fig. 1G ) but taper to a point in C. pangue ( Fig. 5E ). Genitalia of C. rubriventris and C. pangue are very similar. Females of C. rubriventris are easily distinguished from all other species by their entirely orange-red metasoma ( Fig. 1B ).

Description. Male: Length 7.6–8.8mm, forewing length 5.1–5.6mm, head width 2.0mm.

Colouration: Black-brown with following parts yellow: dot on labrum ( Fig. 9B ; absent in some specimens); mandible except ventral margin brown and apical half orange-red; inverted T-shaped mark on clypeus to below transverse portion of epistomal suture ( Fig. 1C ); lower paraocular area to just below antennal socket medially, to below epistomal suture laterally ( Fig. 1C ); dot on apicoventral surface of scape (absent in some specimens); femoral apex and tibial base of all legs, anteroventral surface of fore tibia, fore tarsus suffused with brown; basal and apical rings of mid tibia, apical half of mid basitarsus, mid mediotarsus strongly suffused with brown, mid distitarsus orange; hind tibia except large brown areas on anterior and posterior surfaces connected by dorsal band ( Figs. 1E, F ); hind basitarsus except apical end and dorsal margin; following parts orange-brown: ventral surface of antenna from apical half of pedicel to terminal flagellomere; apical rings on fore and mid trochanter; narrow testaceous bands on apical impressed areas of T1-T7; tegula testaceous with pale straw anterior spot (spot absent in some specimens); wing venation brown except basal regions of R, M+Cu and V testaceous.

Pubescence: Long and thick on face and gena (2-3OD longest medially; OD~ 0.18mm) shorter hairs at base of mandible (1.5OD); flagellomeres with short setae and long, sparse setae on dorsal surface; mesoscutum with relatively sparse hairs (1.5OD), denser on lateral margins (~OD); longer on lateral margins of scutellum and metanotum (2-3OD); long on lateral surface of thorax, dense on pronotal lobe and toward ventral surface, and posterior surface of propodeum (2-3OD); short, sparse tomentum (~OD) on apically impressed areas of T1-T4, incomplete on T1, denser and longer laterally; (1.5OD); posteriorly directed lateral tufts on S2 and to a lesser extent S3-4 (1.5OD); tibia and posterior surface of femora and entire outer surface of hind femur, ventral surface of fore and hind coxa with moderately dense hairs (1.5OD)

Surface sculpture: Microsculpture granular, moderately dull except face below antennae somewhat shiny; moderately dense punctures on clypeus densest towards apex (i=1-2d), dense punctures on lower paraocular area, supraclypeal area, upper paraocular area and frons (i~d); very dense punctures on dorsal surface of pronotum, mesoscutum, scutellum and metanotum (i=d); dorsal area of propodeum rugose, punctures on hind femur dense, more sparse on anterior surface (i=1-2d), and punctures on terga uneven apicomedially but generally dense (i=1-2d).

Structure: Head broader than long (103:85); OOC slightly smaller than IOC (18:19); eyes convergent ventrally, UOD:LOD (67:47); clypeus broader than long (34:26); labrum with concave dorsal margin; vertex slightly concave in frontal view behind ocellar triangle; weak, median, longitudinal groove on basal half of clypeus, ratio of lengths of pedicel:F1-F3 — 15:16:21:22 (ratio of pedicel to F1 variable, always less than 1); gena less than half as wide as the eye in lateral view (13:33); ratio of lengths of mesoscutum: scutellum: metanotum: dorsal area of propodeum — 81:31:15:25; hind femur maximum length to maximum depth — 91:40; hind tibia highly modified ( Fig. 1E, F ), length: width: depth — 68:23:25; anteroventral surface widely expanded, anteroventral margin convex except distinctly concave just before apex; deep, preapical concavity basal to transverse apical lamina; ratio of lengths of hind tibia and hind basitarsus — 55:39; S1 apex with ventrally oriented, apically concave process; S7 ventral lobes broad with apical concavity, dorsal lobes elongate and clavate ( Fig. 1G ); S8 lateral lobe with small, angular process ( Fig. 1H ); gonoforceps elongate ( Fig. 1I ).

Female: length 6.0– 7.8mm, forewing length 4.0– 4.5mm, head width 1.3–1.5mm.

Colouration: Black-brown except for yellow dot on basal region of mandible; following parts yellow-orange: ventral surface of F3-F10; base of fore and tibia, base of hind tibia in one specimen; metasoma orange-red with black fovea laterally on T2 and T3.

Pubescence: As in male except OD~ 0.12mm, generally more sparse, dorsal surface of thorax very sparse; hind leg scopa; apical impressed areas of T1-T4 with posteriorly directed tomentum (~OD) widely separated on T1-T2; S2-S4 with posteroventrally directed scopa (1-2OD), very dense on S2.

Surface sculpture: As in male except punctures finer, clypeal surface more finely granulose with small, sparse punctures (i=2-3d); paraocular area with dense punctures (i~d), frons with punctures situated in longitudinal striae (i~d); mesoscutum with punctures dense anteriorly (i=1-3d); small, relatively dense punctures on scutellum (i=1- 2d); dorsal area of propodeum reticulate with longitudinal grooves; moderately sparse punctures on terga (i=3d)

Structure: Head broader than long (87:72); eyes converging below; UOD:LOD (38:27); gena greater than half the width of eye in lateral view (17:24); clypeus flat, broader than long (52:44); IOC slightly greater than OOC (19:16); ratio of lengths of pedicel:F1-F3 — 14:12:7:8; frontal line raised immediately above supraclypeal area; ratio of lengths of scutellum, metanotum, dorsal area of propodeum — 45:22:25.

Material Examined: Specimens examined are from the American Museum of Natural History ( AMNH) or if otherwise indicated are from the insect collections of Cornell University (CU), Kansas University (KU) or the junior author’s collection housed at York University (YU). CHILE, Region III: Atacama, La Junta, ix.1968, Toro, one female; region III, 10km N. Vallenar, 18.x.2000. L. Packer, four females, one cleared and stored in glycerine, collected from a low-growing species of Adesmia , one male (YU); region III, 5km S. Finca de Chañaral, S. of Diego de Almagro, 12.xi.2001, L. Packer, one male (YU); Region IV: Los Chiches, Coquimbo, 22.viii, Wagenknecht, one male; Coquimbo, 5 miles N. of Laguna Dam, 8000ft, 6.xii.1950, Ross and Michelbacher, one male; Rio Laguna, Coquimbo, 3.xii.1964, Wagenknecht, one male; Coquimbo, Incahuasi, ix.1968, H. Toro, one female; Coquimbo, Incahuasi, ix.1968, L. Ruz, one male; Coquimbo, Vicuña, ix.1968, H.Toro, one female; Rio Laguna, 3000m, i.1970, De La Hoz, one female (CU); Coquimbo, El Pangue , collected on Adesmia melanthes (Fabaceae) , x.1972, V. Cabezas, three males (CU, one male); same date and locality, L. Ruz, one female; Coquimbo, el Pangue x.1972, L. Ruz, one female collected on Stachys serrata (Lamiaceae) ; El Pangue , x.1972, one female; El Tofo, x.1972, Ruz, 2 females collected on Adesmia sp.; Coquimbo, el Pangue x.1972, A. Martinez, one female; Coquimbo El Pangue , x.1972, V. Cabezas, one male collected on Adesmia melanthes ; Coquimbo El Pangue , x.1972, H. Toro, two males; El Pangue , Coquimbo, 13.x.1977, Magunacelaya, one male; Coquimbo, El Pangue , 13.x.1977, Magunocelaya and De La Hoz, 3 females; Fray Jorge, x.1977, De La Hoz, Ione female, collected on Adesmia sp.; Las Breas, xii.1978, Ruz, two females; Coquimbo, Las Breas, 17.x.1979, Magunocelaya, Toro and Ruz, 6 males, 13 females; Coquimbo, Balala, 18.x.1979, Magunocelaya, Ruz, and Toro, 13 males, 3 females; Incahuasi, 10.x.1981, Toro, one female; Coquimbo, Chañaras, 12.ix.1984, Toro, one female; Elqui, El Pangue , 21:x:1991, J Rozen, one male; Elqui: El Pangue , 24.x.1992, Rozen, Sharkov, Snyder, one male; Elqui, El Pangue , 24km S Vicuña, 31.x.1992, Snyder and Sharkov, one male; Elqui, 26km S. Vicuña, 5.x.1994, Rozen, Quinter and Ascher, two females; Elqui, 19km S. Pisco Elqui, 6.x.1994, Rozen, Quinter and Ascher, one female; Elqui, 7km S. Vicuña, 29.ix.1997, J.G. Rozen and H. Navarrete, one female; region IV, 2–4km S. Vicuña, HWY 41, 9.x.2001, Packer and Fraser, one female (YU); Elqui, El Pangue , 13.x.2001, J. Rozen, A. Ugarte and C. Espina, one female; Region V: La Laguna, 5.ix.1938, one male; Colliguay , 17.ix.1976, H. Toro, one male; Region Metropolitana de Santiago: Santiago Prov. Camino a Farrelones 1975, leg. A.R. Moldenke, det: H. Toro, one female.

Geographic Distribution: Chile, from the northern Atacama region to Farellones near Santiago ( Fig. 7 ). Type locality: CHILE, southern provinces.

Comments: C. rubriventris is the most widespread species of the subgenus. The type specimen could not be located for this revision. The type is believed to be at the Museo de Instituto di Zoologia Sistematica, Universitá di Torino, Italy ( Moure and Urban 2002). However, Dr. Guido Pagliano could not locate it in the collection and it is not listed in Casolari and Casolari Moreno (1980).

Figures

FIGURE 7. Partial map of South America showing Chile divided into regions (numbered from II to XI at left of land contour; Region Metropolitana de Santiago labelled MS), and Argentina showing known distribution of Chilicola s. str .. Markers indicate the location of the specimens examined. In some cases, multiple specimens may be represented by a single marker. Chilicola aisenensis = a, C. colliguay = c, C. luzmarieae = l, C. pangue = p, C. rubriventris = r, C. venticola, = v.

FIGURE 1 A – I. Chilicola rubriventris. A. head of female, frontal view, B. female, lateral view, C. head of male, frontal view, D. male, lateral view, E. hind tibia of male, anterior view, F. hind tibia of male, posterior view, G. S 7, H. S 8, I. genitalia, stippling represents membranous lobes of penis valves. Drawings of terminalia with ventral views to left, dorsal to right. Scale bar (for terminalia) = 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 11 A – K. Morphological structures described as character states for the phylogenetic analysis (refer to the Appendix for complete list of characters). A. hind leg of male C. (Anoediscelis) herbsti, B. hind tibia of male C. luzmarieae, C. hind basitarsus of male C. (Chilioediscelis) patagonica, D. hind basitarsus of male C. pangue, E. hind basitarsus of male C. rubriventris, F. metasoma of female C. colliguay, G. metasoma of female C. (Chilioediscelis) patagonica, H. metasoma of female C. luzmarieae, I. genal pubescence of male C. patagonica, J. genal beard of male C. luzmarieae, K. genal beard of male C. rubriventris.

FIGURE 5 A – G. Chilicola pangue. A. head of male, frontal view, B. male, lateral view, C. hind tibia of male, anterior view, D. hind tibia of male, posterior view, E. S 7, F. S 8, G. genitalia, stippling represents membranous lobes of penis valves. Drawings of terminalia with ventral views to left, dorsal to right. Scale bar (for terminalia) = 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 9 A – L. Morphological structures described as character states for the phylogenetic analysis (refer to the Appendix for complete list of characters). A. labrum and mandibles of male Chilicola colliguay, B. labrum and mandibles of male C. rubriventris, C. labrum and mandibles of male C. (Chilioediscelis) patagonica, D. mandibles of female C. colliguay, E. mandibles of female C. rubriventris, F. clypeus of male C. (Anoediscelis) herbsti, G. clypeus of C. aisenensis, H. clypeus of male C. (Chilioediscelis) patagonica, I. scape of male C. colliguay, J. scape of male C. rubriventris, K. flagellomeres of male C. colliguay, L. flagellomeres of male C. rubriventris.