Cryptophyllium drunganum (Yang, 1995) Cumming & Bank & Bresseel & Constant & Tirant & Dong & Sonet & Bradler, 2021

Cumming, Royce T., Bank, Sarah, Bresseel, Joachim, Constant, Je ́ ro ̂ me, Tirant, Stephane Le, Dong, Zhiwei, Sonet, Gontran & Bradler, Sven, 2021, Cryptophyllium, the hidden leaf insects - descriptions of a new leaf insect genus and thirteen species from the former celebicum species group (Phasmatodea, Phylliidae), ZooKeys 1018, pp. 1-179 : 1

Cryptophyllium drunganum (Yang, 1995) comb. nov. Figures 28 , 29

Material examined.

We examined the holotype female from within the Beijing Agricultural University from detailed photographs taken by Yu-Chen Zheng (China Agricultural University, China). Additionally, we examined a tentatively identified male from "Yunnan China: Qinglangdang, Dulongjiang Township, Gongshan County, Nujiang Prefecture, II-2016, Local" (Coll ZD).A tentative male specimen collected very near the type locality was used in our molecular analysis, which cannot be confidently confirmed as Cryptophyllium drunganum comb. nov. due to extreme sexual dimorphism of the phylliids and lack of a fresh tissue sample from a true Cryptophyllium drunganum comb. nov. female (Fig. 29 ).

Remarks.

This species is only known at present from the morphologically unique holotype female from northern Yunnan Province (Fig. 28 ). However, this area is not known for a high diversity of species, so we are fairly confident that this male represents the undescribed Cryptophyllium drunganum comb. nov. male. Also, this male specimen was molecularly recovered as distinct to the other species described from China as we have successfully sampled almost all species of Cryptophyllium gen. nov. and included them in our molecular phylogeny (Fig. 4 ).

Differentiation.

Females are morphologically similar to Cryptophyllium tibetense comb. nov. and Cryptophyllium liyananae sp. nov. due to the long alae, rounded exterior profemoral lobe, mesopleura which are distinctly reaching the anterior margin but slightly curved on the anterior end (not perfectly straight margined), boxy abdomen with a notable bend on abdominal segment VII, and the presence of small exterior lobes on all tibiae. Both of these species can be differentiated by the length of the subgenital plate as in Cryptophyllium drunganum comb. nov. it is short, just passing the anterior margin on the tenth abdominal segment, and in the other species it is at least three quarters of the length of the tenth abdominal segment (in Cryptophyllium liyananae sp. nov.) or even longer and exceeding the tip of the abdomen (in Cryptophyllium tibetense comb. nov.).

Our male specimen is morphologically similar to Cryptophyllium tibetense comb. nov. and Cryptophyllium yunnanense comb. nov. due to the shape of the profemoral exterior lobe which smoothly arcs end to end without a distinct bend, the exterior profemoral lobe that is the same width or slightly thinner than the interior lobe (not wider as is common in many of the Cryptophyllium gen. nov. species), tegmina which are long reaching the anterior margin of abdominal segment IV or slightly passing it, a similar spade-shaped abdomen, and prominent tubercles on the mesopleura.

Cryptophyllium tibetense comb. nov. males additionally have small exterior tibial lobes on the distal ends like are present in our Cryptophyllium drunganum comb. nov. male. Our male Cryptophyllium drunganum comb. nov. can however be differentiated from Cryptophyllium tibetense comb. nov. by the presence of eight or nine small serrate teeth present throughout the full length of the profemoral exterior lobe vs. Cryptophyllium tibetense comb. nov. males which only have two or three small teeth on the distal end only. Additionally, the mesofemoral exterior lobe also can differentiate these species as it is distinctly angled in our Cryptophyllium drunganum comb. nov. male and smoothly arcing without a distinct bend in Cryptophyllium tibetense comb. nov. males.

Cryptophyllium yunnanense comb. nov. can be differentiated by the absence of exterior tibial lobes and the lack of a distinctly serrate exterior profemoral lobe margin, with Cryptophyllium yunnanense comb. nov. only having two or three small teeth vs. our male Cryptophyllium drunganum comb. nov. which has eight or nine small serrate teeth present throughout the full length of the profemoral exterior lobe.

Distribution.

At present only known from northern Yunnan Province, from the type locality of Nujian Lisu Autonomous Prefecture, Gongshan County (Drung-Nu), and our tentative male Cryptophyllium drunganum comb. nov. from Du Longjiang Township, Qing Lang Dang in the same prefecture.

Figures

Figure 4. Phylogenetic relationships among 35 phylliid species (67 specimens). The species of the Cryptophyllium gen. nov. are highlighted with colors and symbols corresponding to the distribution map (Fig. 2). Support values based on maximum likelihood (UFBoot, IQ-TREE) are indicated at each node.

Figure 28. Cryptophyllium drunganum comb. nov. holotype female within the Beijing Agricultural University, photographed by Yu-Chen Zheng (China Agricultural University, China) A habitus, dorsal, inset specimen data labels B details of antennae, head, and anterior of the thorax.

Figure 29. Presumed male Cryptophyllium drunganum comb. nov. male used within our molecular analysis (sample DZW 05), from Du Longjiang Township, Nujian Lisu Autonomous Prefecture, photographs by Zhiwei Dong (KIZ) A habitus, dorsal B details of the legs and thorax, ventral.