Cyparium loebli, von Groll & Lopes-Andrade, 2022

Groll, Elisa Von & Lopes-Andrade, Cristiano, 2022, Contributions to the taxonomy of Neotropical Cyparium Erichson (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scaphidiinae), with the description of five new species, European Journal of Taxonomy 835 (1), pp. 1-97 : 36-46

Cyparium loebli sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:88FF6EF0-5AED-4505-9E56-2200ED4ABEEF

Figs 4 , 22–29 , 46 ; Supp. file 1C

Diagnosis

TL: 2.53–2.78 mm in males and 2.34–2.68 mm in females. Pronotum, hypomeron and scutellum reddish brown ( Fig. 22A ). Elytra black, anterior region reddish brown ( Fig. 22A ). Hypomeron and mesanepisternum with strigulate microsculpture. Metaventrite smooth, coarsely punctate above intercoxal plates ( Fig. 25D ). Metanepisternum and metepimeron with imbricate microsculpture. Aedeagus apex long, parameres longish, weak sclerites in internal sac ( Fig. 28A–E ). Distal gonocoxites straight and slender ( Fig. 29E ).

Etymology

In homage to Dr Ivan Löbl (Muséum d’histoire naturelle, Genève, CH), for his remarkable contributions to the systematics of Scaphidiinae , which are the greatest source of information for our ongoing works on these beetles.

Material examined

Holotype BRAZIL • ♂; Minas Gerais, Viçosa, EPTEA Mata do Paraíso ; 12 Nov. 2019; LabCol leg.; “\\ Em Xylodon flaviporus \\ Cyparium loebli von Groll & Lopes-Andrade HOLOTYPUS ” [red paper]; CELC (Supp. file 1C).

Paratypes BRAZIL • 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (same pin); same collection data as for holotype; 8 Dec. 2014; I.S.C. Pecci-Maddalena leg.; CELC • 1 ♂, 2 ♀ (1 ♀, abdomen and head dissected, stored in glycerin); same collection data as for holotype, “Trilha dos Gigantes”; 15 Feb. 2015; S. Aloquio, A. Orsetti and M. Bento leg.; CELC • 2 specs; same collection data as for holotype; 19 Feb. 2015; FIT; A. Orsetti, S. Aloquio and M. Bento leg.; CELC • 1 ♂; same collection data as for holotype; S. Aloquio, A. Orsetti and M. Bento leg.; CELC • 6 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ (1 ♂ entirely dissected, preserved in glycerin); same collection data as for holotype; “ T. da Madeira”; 27 Feb. 2015; I.S.C. Pecci-Maddalena et al. leg.; CELC • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; CAMB • 1 ♀ (head dissected, preserved in glycerin); same collection data as for holotype; 13 Mar. 2015; S. Aloquio, A. Orsetti, C. Lopes-Andrade and M. Bento leg.; CELC • 1 ♂; same collection data as for holotype; 20 Mar. 2015; A. Orsetti and I. Gonçalves leg.; CELC • 6 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ (2 ♂♂ dissected, preserved in glycerin); same collection data as for holotype; 9 Nov. 2016; I. Pecci-Maddalena and C. Lopes-Andrade leg.; “\\ ex Psathyrella candolleana ”; CELC • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; CERPE • 2 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀ (1 ♀, abdomen dissected, preserved in glycerin); same collection data as for holotype; 19 Nov. 2019; LabCol leg.; “\\ em Agaricus sylvaticus ”; CELC .

All paratypes additionally labelled “ Cyparium loebli von Groll & Lopes-Andrade PARATYPUS [yellow paper]”.

Description

MEASUREMENTS (holotype, in mm). TL 2.59, PL 1.00, PA 0.80, PB 1.72, EW 1.06, EL 1.86, IS 0.22, HW 0.72.

COLORATION. Black, iridescent ( Fig. 22A–C ). Frons dark brown; clypeus yellowish-brown; mouthparts yellow ( Fig. 23A ); antennomeres I–VI and apex of XI yellow; VII– basal part of XI darker ( Fig. 23A–C ). Pronotum, hypomeron and scutellum reddish brown ( Fig. 22A ). Elytra black, anterior region reddish brown ( Fig. 22A ). Meso- and metathorax in ventral view brown to dark brown. Procoxae dark ochre; meso- and metacoxae brownish red; femora dark brown, apex light brown; tibiae dark ochre, base and apex lighter; tarsi yellow ( Fig. 22B–C ). Ventrite 1 dark brown to brown; each next segment lighter; ventrites 5 and 6 yellowish. Variation: some paratypes with pronotum and base of elytra ochreous ( Fig. 22D–F ).

HEAD. Punctation dense, fine ( Fig. 23A ). Eyes wide and rounded ( Fig. 23A ). Labrum rectangular, lateral margins rounded, well delimited apically; central margins straight and wide; sclerotized portion inwardly curved; lateral setae well exceeding margins of labrum; densely porose centrally ( Fig. 23D ). Mandibles strongly curved and somewhat long apically; subapical serrations on left mandible conspicuous ( Fig. 23E– F ). Maxillae with palpomere III short; galea with a row of lateral setae; galea densely pubescent, lacinia moderately pubescent, wider than galea ( Fig. 23G ). Mentum forming a straight projection apically ( Fig. 24A ). Setae of labial palpomere II far exceeding palpomere III; palpomere III longish, with short apical setae ( Fig. 24A–B ). Post-gena microsculptured with close transversal lines; gula densely porose, but limited to central region; gula long and narrow ( Fig. 24C ).Antennal club well distinct; antennomere XI pentagonal, rounded apically (straight in some individuals); no notable difference between sexes ( Fig. 23B–C ).

PROTHORAX. Pronotum smooth, shining; punctuation dense, fine; pubescence short, fine ( Fig. 24D–E ); transverse, sub-straight laterally, forming an obtuse angle at lateral areas of posterior margin ( Fig. 24E ). Hypomeron with strigulate microsculpture.Notosternal suture straight, slightly inward directed ( Fig. 24F ). Profurca thin, only reaching half length of foramen ( Fig. 24G ). Prosternal process rounded ( Fig. 25A ).

MESOTHORAX. Mesonotum with prescutellar suture (= scutellar lines, Leschen & Löbl 2005) wavy ( Fig. 25B ). Scutellum tapering posteriorly ( Fig. 25B ). Anterior phragma large and obtuse ( Fig. 25C ). Mesanepisternum with strigulate microsculpture. Procoxal rests triangular, strongly curved posteriorly ( Fig. 25D ). Mesoventral and median lines wavy; area between median and mesocoxal lines not specially enlarged ( Fig. 25D ). Process of metaventrite curved at top and straight at base, forming a ridge ( Fig. 25E ).

METATHORAX. Metanotum with alacrista enlarged anteriorly and turned to sides; scutoscutellar suture curved; median membranous area wide and short ( Fig. 25F ). Metaventrite smooth, punctuation sparse and fine; coarsely punctate above intercoxal plates ( Figs 22B , 25D ). Mesocoxal line forming an angle between coxal cavities, and finely punctate under coxal cavities ( Fig. 25D ). Metanepisternum and metepimeron with imbricate microsculpture. Intercoxal plates smooth. Metendosternite with arms almost straight; ‘stalk ridge’ exceeding half length of stalk ( Fig. 26A ); ventral longitudinal flange curved in lateral view ( Fig. 26B ).

WINGS. Elytra slightly wider than longer; partially covering tergite VI ( Fig. 26A ); basal and lateral lines punctate ( Fig. 24D ); sutural line dashed; adsutural area with a row of setae; six rows of coarse punctures (not including sutural line), but rows 5 and 6 somewhat intermixed ( Figs 22A , 26C ); apical coarse punctation sparse; apical serrations small, sparse; pubescence short and fine ( Fig. 26D ). Epipleuron with diffuse, coarse, and close punctures. Hind wings fully developed ( Fig. 26E ).

LEGS. Pro-, meso- and metacoxae, and femora with strigulate microsculpture. Femora somewhat fusiform ( Fig. 26F–H ). Pro- and mesofemora sparsely and coarsely punctate; metafemora with shallow and fine punctation. Mesotibia densely spinose, spines fine ( Fig. 26G ). Metatibiae sparsely spinose, spine fine ( Fig. 26H ).

ABDOMEN. Tergites VI–VIII with imbricate microsculpture ( Fig. 27A ). Tergite VII triangular; punctation sparse, coarse; pubescence sparse, fine ( Fig. 27A ). Ventrites ( Fig. 27B ) sparsely pubescent; with strigulate microsculpture. Ventrite 1 sparsely and coarsely punctate ( Fig. 27C ). Ventrites 2–5 moderately sparse and finely punctate. Metacoxal lines finely punctate.

Males

MEASUREMENTS (n = 1, paratype; in mm). Antennomeres (length(width)): 0.15(0.06), 0.11(0.05), 0.10(0.04), 0.08(0.04), 0.08(0.05), 0.06(0.06), 0.09(0.11), 0.08(0.12), 0.08(0.13), 0.08(0.14), 0.13(0.14); (n = 7, including the holotype; in mm): TL 2.53–2.78 (mean = 2.65, standard deviation ± 0.08), PL 1.00– 1.08 (1.02 ± 0.03), PA 0.80–0.84 (0.82 ± 0.02), PB 1.60–1.80 (1.70 ± 0.06), SL 0.13–0.17 (0.15 ± 0.02), SW 0.13–0.16 (0.14 ± 0.01), EI 1.48–1.62 (1.52 ± 0.05), EL 1.74–1.90 (1.82 ± 0.05), EW 0.92–1.06 (0.98 ± 0.05), EH 0.43–0.71 (0.63 ± 0.10), HW 0.70–0.74 (0.72 ± 0.01), IS 0.20–0.23 (0.21 ± 0.01), WA 0.16–0.19 (0.17 ± 0.01), MC 0.68–0.74 (0.70 ± 0.02), MB 0.26–0.36 (0.32 ± 0.04), VL 0.52–0.56 (0.54 ± 0.02).

Pro- and mesotarsomeres I–III enlarged, with tenet setae ( Fig. 26F–G ). Tergite VIII heptagonal, acuminate posteriorly; punctuation fine, almost inconspicuous; subglabrous ( Fig. 27D ). Tergite IX with more or less bent ventral struts ( Fig. 27E–F ). Sternite VIII rectangular, with a small projection ( Fig. 27G ). Sternite IX triangular at ends and centrally constricted ( Fig. 27F ). Aedeagus sclerotized, enlarged at base, apex of median lobe long ( Fig. 28A–C ); openings in dorsal view long and somewhat enlarged, forming an acute angle ( Fig. 28C ); internal sac with weak irregular sclerites, with two hooks ( Fig. 28D–E ); parameres thin, longish ( Fig. 28A–B ).

Females

MEASUREMENTS (n = 1, paratype). Antennomeres (length(width)): 0.16(0.06), 0.10(0.05), 0.09(0.04), 0.07(0.04), 0.07(0.05), 0.05(0.06), 0.08(0.11), 0.08(0.13), 0.08(0.15), 0.08(0.15), 0.14(0.14); (n = 7, paratypes; in mm): TL 2.34–2.68 (mean = 2.57, standard deviation ± 0.12), PL 0.86–1.02 (0.96 ± 0.05), PA 0.76–0.86 (0.82 ± 0.04), PB 1.50–1.78 (1.68 ± 0.09), SL 0.13–0.17 (0.15 ± 0.01), SW 0.13–0.17 (0.14 ± 0.01), EI 1.40–1.64 (1.52 ± 0.08), EL 1.64–1.98 (1.83 ± 0.11), EW 0.86–1.06 (0.95 ± 0.07), EH 0.65–0.75 (0.69 ± 0.03), HW 0.66–0.74 (0.70 ± 0.02), IS 0.20–0.25 (0.23 ± 0.02), WA 0.17–0.19 (0.18 ± 0.01), MC 0.60–0.76 (0.71 ± 0.06), MB 0.29–0.36 (0.32 ± 0.03), VL 0.46–0.58 (0.54 ± 0.04).

Tergite VIII triangular; punctation inconspicuous; subglabrous ( Fig. 29A ). Sternite VIII rectangular with a distinct thin projection ( Fig. 29B ). Vagina and bursa copulatrix membranous without sclerites ( Fig. 29C ). Vaginal plate with an apical T-shaped sclerite ( Fig. 29D ). Spermatheca not detected. Distal gonocoxites straight, slender ( Fig. 29C, E ); gonostyli parallel, long, and slender ( Fig. 29C, E ).

Host fungi

Adults were collected from Psathyrella candolleana (1 record, 10 individuals), Xylodon flaviporus (Berk. & M.A. Curtis ex Cooke) Riebesehl & E.Langer ( Hymenochaetales , Schizoporaceae ) (1, 1) and Agaricus sylvaticus (1, 7).

Remarks

Similar to C. lescheni sp. nov., especially the teneral specimens, in the strigulate microsculpture of the hypomeron and metaventrite, reddish brown pronotum, and the size of the antennae, but differ in the comparatively larger body length and in the reddish brown anterior region of the elytra.

Distribution

Known only from Mata da Biologia and Mata do Paraíso, campus of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, state of Minas Gerais, Southeast Brazil ( Fig. 46 ).

Figures

Fig. 4. Cyparium Erichson, 1845. Neotropical species. Illustrations based on the original descriptions. *Illustrations made based on photographs, specimens, or illustrations made by other authors; **size not provided in original description. Model: Cyparium collare Pic, 1920. Scale bar = 2 mm.

Fig. 22. Cyparium loebli sp. nov. A–C. Holotype, ♂ (CELC). A. Dorsal view. B. Ventral view.C. Lateral view. D–F. Paratype, ♂ (CELC). D. Dorsal view. E. Ventral view. F. Lateral view. Specimens collected at Mata do Paraíso, Viçosa (MG, Brazil). Scale bars = 1.0 mm.

Fig. 23. Cyparium loebli sp. nov. A. Holotype, ♂ (CELC), frontal view. B–C. Antennae. B. Paratype, ♂ (CELC). C. Paratype, ♀ (CELC). D–G. Paratype, ♂ (CELC). D. Labrum. E. Left mandible. F. Right mandible. G. Maxilla. Specimens collected at Mata do Paraíso, Viçosa (MG, Brazil). Scale bars: A–C = 0.2 mm; D–G = 0.1 mm.

Fig. 24. Cyparium loebli sp. nov. A–C, E–G. Paratype, ♂ (CELC). D. holotype, ♂ (CELC). A. Labium. B. Hypopharynx. C. Head, ventral view. D–E. Pronotum, dorsal view. F. Prothorax, ventral view. G. Prothorax, inner view. Specimens collected at Mata do Paraíso, Viçosa (MG, Brazil). Scale bars: A–B = 0.05 mm; C = 0.1 mm; D–G = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 25. Cyparium loebli sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (CELC). A. Prothorax, lateral view. B–C. Scutellar plate. B. Dorsal view. C. Apically slanted view. D–E. Meso- and metathorax. D. Ventral view. E. Lateral view. F. Metanotum. Specimen collected at Mata do Paraíso, Viçosa (MG, Brazil). Scale bars: A, D–F = 0.2 mm; B–C = 0.1 mm.

Fig. 26. Cyparium loebli sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (CELC). A–B. Metendosternite. A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C–D. Elytron. C. Entire. D. Apex. E. Hind wing. F–H. Legs. F. Fore. G. Middle. H. Hind. Specimen collected at Mata do Paraíso, Viçosa (MG, Brazil). Scale bars: A–D, F–H = 0.2 mm; E = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 27. Cyparium loebli sp. nov. A–C. Holotype, ♂ (CELC). D–G. Paratype, ♂ (CELC). A. Abdomen, dorsal view. B. Abdomen, ventral view. C. Ventrite 1. D. Tergite VIII. E. Terminalia. F. Tergite IX. G. Sternite VIII. Specimens collected at Mata do Paraíso, Viçosa (MG, Brazil). Scale bars = 0.2 mm.

Fig. 28. Cyparium loebli sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (CELC). A–C. Aedeagus. A. Lateral view. B. Frontal view. C. Dorsal view. D–E. Internal sac. D. Frontal view. E. Dorsal view. Specimen collected at Mata do Paraíso, Viçosa (MG, Brazil). Scale bars = 0.2 mm.

Fig. 29. Cyparium loebli sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (CELC). A. Tergite VIII. B. Sternite VIII. C. Terminalia. D. Sclerite of vaginal plate. E. Ovipositor. Specimen collected at Mata do Paraíso, Viçosa (MG, Brazil). Scale bars: A–B, D–E = 0.1 mm; C = 0.2 mm.

Fig. 46. A. Distribution map of species of Cyparium Erichson, 1845, South America. B. Mata da Biologia. C. Mata do Paraíso.