Cyrilliotermes angulariceps (Mathews)

Constantino, Reginaldo & Carvalho, Sérgio H. C., 2012, A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical termite genus Cyrilliotermes Fontes (Isoptera, Termitidae, Syntermitinae), Zootaxa 3186, pp. 25-41 : 27-29

Cyrilliotermes angulariceps (Mathews)

Curvitermes angulariceps Mathews 1977: 223 [imago, soldier, fig. 175, 183]. Holotype: MZSP (imago), examined. Type-locality: Brazil, Mato Grosso, Ribeirão Cascalheira, base camp of the Xavantina-Cachimbo Expedition (12.8167S, 51.7667W).

Cyrilliotermes angulariceps ; Fontes 1985: 11 [new combination]

Cyrilliotermes cashassa Fontes 1985: 15 [imago, soldado; fig. 7–9, 14, 15, 18]. Holotype: MZSP (soldier), examined. Typelocality: Suriname, Jodensavanne. New synonym

Cyrilliotermes jaci Fontes 1985: 14 [soldier]. Holotype: MZSP (soldier), examined. Type-locality: Suriname, Jodensavanne. New synonym

Imago ( Fig. 1 ). Described by Mathews (1977) and by Fontes (1985). Measurements in Table 1.

Measurement C. angulariceps a C. angulariceps b C. strictinasus

range range range mean Width of head 0.83–0.86 – 0.88–1.18 0.94 Width of head with eyes – 1.03–1.13 – – Length of head 0.72–0.76 – 0.74–0.98 0.87 Diameter of eye 0.32–0.33 0.31–0.36 0.34–0.44 0.39 Length of postclypeus 0.42–0.45 – 0.44–0.64 0.56 Width of pronotum 0.81–0.87 0.83–0.93 0.88–1.08 1.02 Length of pronotum 0.50–0.56 – 0.49–0.69 0.62 Length of hind tibia 1.32–1.34 1.33–1.45 1.37–1.72 1.61 Length of forewing 9.20–9.50 8.5–9.8 11.27–12.86 12.15 n 4 6 49

a New specimens; b Data from Mathews (1977)

Soldier (Fig. 2A–D, 9A–B). Described by Mathews (1977) and by Fontes (1985). Measurements in Table 2.

Worker (Fig. 2E–F, 10A, 12A–B, 13). Head capsule rounded trapezoid, narrowing posteriorly. Lateral sides nearly straight. Postclypeus moderately inflated. Relative length of antennal articles: 1> 6> 2> 5> 3> 4, combined length of 3rd + 4th approximately equal to 6th. Cushions of enteric valve armature of relatively uniform width and rounded tip; spines are nearly straight and become short at the posterior end of the valve ( Fig. 12 B). Measurements in Table 3.

Measurement C. angulariceps C. brevidens C. crassinasus C. strictinasus range mean range mean range range mean

Width of head 0.93–1.42 1.16 0.98–1.18 1.09 1.03–1.14 0.98–1.32 1.16

Length of head with nasus 1.62–2.11 1.84 1.86–2.11 1.99 2.15–2.28 1.91–2.75 2.31

Length of head to 0.83–1.18 0.98 0.98–1.13 1.05 1.00–1.12 0.93–1.42 1.18

base of mandibles

Length of nasus 0.78–1.08 0.92 0.88–1.13 1.02 1.00–1.12 0.98–1.42 1.17

Length of hind tibia 0.98–1.23 1.10 1.08–1.32 1.21 1.24–1.32 1.13–1.52 1.29

Width of pronotum 0.54–0.74 0.63 0.54–0.74 0.66 0.67–0.70 0.59–0.98 0.75

n 112 35 5 272

Measurement C. angulariceps C. brevidens C. crassinasus C. strictinasus

range mean range mean range range mean Width of head 0.78–0.98 0.85 0.88–1.08 0.98 0.93–0.99 0.93–1.23 1.07 Length of postclypeus 0.15–0.25 0.20 0.20–0.29 0.25 0.21–0.28 0.20–0.34 0.28 Length of hind tibia 0.83–1.18 0.96 0.98–1.23 1.10 1.02–1.16 0.88–1.37 1.13 Width of pronotum 0.34–0.64 0.49 0.44–0.69 0.56 0.56–0.62 0.49–0.78 0.64 n 117 41 7 185

Comparisons. The head capsule of the soldier of C. angulariceps has angular latero-posterior sides, and its nasus is conspicuously upturned. In all other species the soldier head is either more rounded or elongate, and the latero-posterior sides are not angular. A few soldiers have a narrow and more rounded head. The head of the worker is also conspicuously more angular than in the other species and its postclypeus is not as inflated as in the other species. The enteric valve differs in having short spines on the posterior end, while all other species have longer spines (visible only with good mounts and at high magnification).

Remarks. This species seems to be restricted to the Amazon forest ( Fig. 14 ). The new synonymies are based on the examination of a large series in which the relative width of the soldier head shows considerable variation, with the type of C. angulariceps at one extreme and the type of C. jaci at the other. Some large samples from a single colony contain individuals that would fit in the description of all three species. The imagos of C. angulariceps and C. cashassa are identical ( Fontes 1985: 16). Lot UnB-6863 has soldiers that fit the description of C. jaci and imagos very similar to the type of C. angulariceps ( Fig. 1 ).

Material examined. BRAZIL. Amapá. Macapá: 28.x.1989, R. Constantino leg. (MPEG-3240). Mazagão: 20.x.1989, R. Constantino leg. (MPEG-3196). Serra do Navio: 02.xi.1989, R. Constantino leg. (MPEG-3264). Amazonas. Manaus, BR-174, km 54: 07.v.2002, I. Ackerman leg. (UnB-3600, 3602). Humaitá: 01.vii.2003, G.C. Costa leg. (UnB-4765); 01.ix.1990, R. Constantino leg. (MPEG-3588, 3713); 02.ix.1990, R. Constantino leg. (MPEG-3616); 12.ix.1990, R. Constantino leg. (MPEG-3664, 3666). Manaus: 01.iii.1997, E. Barros leg. (UnB- 1990); 01.x.1987, O.F.F. de Souza, AGB & EMC leg. (MZSP-9022); 13.xii.1996, R.L. Abreu leg. (UnB-0377); 19.xi.1996, J.C. Santos leg. (UnB-0378). Manaus, Rodovia ZF-2: 10.ii.2003, J.A. Azevedo leg. (UnB-6606). Manaus, Rodovia ZF-3: 14.v.1986, O.F. Souza leg. (UnB-2265); 14.v.1986, O.F.F. Souza leg. (UFV-2160). Maraã: 10.x.1988, R. Constantino leg. (MPEG-2809, 11.x.1988, R. Constantino leg. (MPEG-2827); 18.x.1988, R. Constantino leg. (MPEG-2889). Presidente Figueiredo, UHE Balbina: 16.iv.1996, F. Campos leg. (UnB-0351). Mato Grosso. Novo Santo Antonio, Parque Estadual do Araguaia: 04.xi.2005, Lima & Fraczak leg. (UnB-6862, 6863*); 08.xi.2005, Lima & Fraczak leg. (UnB-6864, 6865*, 6866); 20.viii.2005, Lima & Fraczak leg. (UnB-6860); 20.viii.2005, Lima & Fraczak leg. (UnB-6861). Sinop: 09.iv.2010, C. Cordasso leg. (UnB-7771); 09.iv.2010, D.A. Andrade leg. (UnB-7776, 7779); 09.iv.2010, T.C. Tariga leg. (UnB-7758); 09.iv.2010, T.C. Tariga leg. (UnB- 7765). Pará. Serra dos Carajás: 28.i.1986, A.G. Bandeira & R.B. Neto leg. (MPEG-2450). Tucuruí: 28.iii.1984, A.G. Bandeira leg. (MPEG-1976); 30.iii.1984, A.G. Bandeira leg. (MPEG-1992). Rondônia. Pimenta Bueno: 25.vii.2000, R. Constantino leg. (UnB-2541, 2548, 2551). SURINAME. Para District, Jodensavanne: 01.vi.1956, M.A. Knoppe leg. (MZSP-8266).

Figures

FIGURES 1. Imago of Cyrilliotermes angulariceps. A, head in dorsal view; B, pronotum in dorsal view; C, head in profile; D, meso- and mesonotum.

FIGURES 12. Enteric valve armature. A – B, Cyrilliotermes angulariceps; C – D, C. brevidens, sp. n.; E – F, C. crassinasus, sp. n.; G – H, C. strictinasus. C – F were from old specimens and became flattened when mounted.

FIGURE 14. Geographic range of Cyrilliotermes angulariceps, C. brevidens, sp. n., and C. crassinasus, sp. n. The double symbol indicates the type-localities.