Dactylospora fusiformis Ekanayaka, E.B.G. Jones, Q. Zhao & K.D. Hyde, 2019

Ekanayaka, Anusha H., G, E. B., Jones, areth, Hyde, Kevin D. & Zhao, Qi, 2019, A stable phylogeny for Dactylosporaceae, Cryptogamie, Mycologie 20 (3), pp. 23-44 : 32-34

Dactylospora fusiformis Ekanayaka, E.B.G. Jones, Q. Zhao & K.D. Hyde , sp. nov.

( Fig. 5 )

Black pulvinate apothecia, ectal excipulum of textura angularis to globulosa, paraphyses with slightly swollen apices, unitunicate, short sessile, cylindric-clavate asci and smooth one-septate ascospores.

HOLOTYPE. — MFLU 16-0593 .

ETYMOLOGY. — With reference to the ascospore shape.

INDEX FUNGORUM NUMBER. — IF555305.

FACESOFFUNGI NUMBER: FOF 04854.

TYPE LOCALITY. — Thailand.

MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Thailand. Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai Province, on dead stems, 20 XII 2015, A.H. Ekanayaka, ( HD 0047) (holo-, MFLU [ MFLU 16-0593 ]; iso-, HKAS). Sequence data: ITS-MH718441, LSU-MH718434, Thailand, Mae Fah Luang University , Chiang Rai Province, on dead stems, 11 VII 2016, A.H. Ekanayaka, ( HD 0061), MFLU 18-0678 . Sequence data: ITS-MH718442.

DESCRIPTION

Saprobic on dead stems.

Sexual morph

Apothecia. 400-1200 × 200-255 Μm (ẍ = 968 × 223 Μm, n =10) superficial, arising singly or in small groups, sessile.

Hamathecium. Pulvinate, outer surface black.

Margins. Not clearly differentiate from the disc, concolorous to receptacle.

Disc. Flat to slightly convex, black, smooth or finely granulated surface.

Ectal excipulum. 25-40 Μm (ẍ = 35.3 Μm, n = 10) wide at lower flanks, composed of large, thin-walled, dark brown cells of textura angularis to globulosa, outer cell layer is brown, inner cells are hyaline to brownish.

Medullary excipulum. 10-15 Μm (ẍ = 13 Μm, n = 10) wide at lower flanks, composed of hyaline intertwined hyphae, embedded in a gelatinous matrix.

Hymenium. Hyaline to brownish, enclosed in a thick gelatinous matrix.

Pseudo epithecium. Composed of hyaline to brown amorphous matter surrounding the paraphysis tips.

Paraphyses. 1.4-2 Μm wide (ẍ = 2.7 Μm, n =20) at the middle, 2.5-3.5 Μm wide (ẍ = 3.2 Μm, n = 20) at the tips, numerous, filiform, septate, swollen and slightly branched at the apex and pigmented, extending beyond the asci and apices glued together to develop pseudo epithecium.

Asci. 70-80 × 12-18 Μm (ẍ = 73.03 × 14.5 Μm, n = 30) 8-spored, unitunicate, short sessile, cylindric-clavate, rounded at the apex, inoperculate with an amyloid gelatinous cap.

Ascospore. 17-21 × 4-7 Μm (ẍ = 19.1 × 5.7 Μm, n = 40), multiseriate, long ellipsoid to fusoid, immature spores are nonseptate, hyaline and mature spores are one-septate, greenish brown, guttulate, smooth, thin walled.

REMARKS

Dactylospora fusiformis is characterized by black pulvinate apothecia, paraphyses with slightly swollen apices and smooth one-septate ascospores. Dactylospora fusiformis is phylogenetically close to D. chiangraiensis sp. nov. and D. stygia . However, D. chiangraiensis sp. nov. and D. stygia differ from D. fusiformis by having apothecia with raised margins and shorter ascospores ( Berkeley 1875, Baral & Marson 2005).

Dactylospora fusiformis differs from D. rimulicola , D. ahtii , D. saxatilis , D. homoclinella , D. rhyparizae , D. australis D. amygdalariae by having sessile apothecia ( Ihlen et al. 2004). Dactylospora fusiformis differs from D. protothallina by having a saprobic lifestyle ( Ihlen et al. 2004). Dactylospora fusiformis differs from D. aeruginosa in lacking epihymenial pigments ( Ihlen et al. 2004). Dactylospora parellaria , D. borealis , D. rhyparizae, D. parasitica , D. attendenda , D. deminuta , D. urceolate , D. frigida , D. suburceolata , D. imperfecta and D. pertusariicola differ from D. fusiformis by having ascospores with more than 1 septum ( Ihlen et al. 2004). Dactylospora fusiformis differs from D. inopina by having 8-spored asci ( Döbbeler & Buck 2017). Dactylospora purpurascens and D. athallina differ by having an epihymenium with K+ purple reaction ( Ihlen et al. 2004). Dactylospora vrijmoediae , D. mangrovei , D. lobariella and D. canariensis differ from D. fusiformis by having ornamented ascospore walls ( Jones et al. 1999, Pang et al. 2014). Dactylospora microspora differs from D. fusiformis by having smaller ascospores (4-7 × 2-3 Μm) ( Ihlen et al. 2004, Joshi et al. 2010).

Figures

FIG. 5. — Morphology of Dactylospora fusiformis Ekanayaka,E.B.G. Jones,Q. Zhao & K.D. Hyde,sp. nov. (Holotype MFLU 16-0593):A, substrate;B, ascomata on wood; C, ascoma on wood;D, cross section of an ascoma;E, close up ofa vertical section of the ascoma at margin;F, apically swallen paraphyses;G, asci with gelatinous amyloid cap (in Melzer’s reagent);H-J, short sessile asci; K-P, ellipsoid to fusoid ascospores.Scale bars:B, C, 1000 µm;D, 400 µm;E,200 µm; F,30 µm; G, J, 20 µm; K-N, 10 µm.