Dendroleon pupillaris ( Gerstaecker, 1893 )

Kim, Jiseung, Ahn, Neung-Ho & Kim, Sora, 2025, A taxonomic review of the family Myrmeleontidae Latreille (Neuroptera, Myrmeleontiformia) from the Korean peninsula, highlighting the conservation value of this family, ZooKeys 1262, pp. 97-174 : 97-174

Dendroleon pupillaris ( Gerstaecker, 1893)

Figs 15 , 37 C

Glenurus pupillaris Gerstaecker, 1893: 120. Type locality: Japan: Honshu: Kanto: Kanagawa: Yokohama.

Dendroleon pupillaris ( Gerstaecker, 1893): Okamoto 1914: 249.

Specimens examined.

[ JBNU] 1 ♀, Buun-ri , Sannae-myeon, Namwon-si, Jeonbuk-do, Korea, 22. VIII. 2023, H. Han ; • 1 ♂, Gancheok-ri , Gandong-myeon, Hwacheon-gun, Gangwon-do, Korea, 23. VIII. 2024, J. S. Kim .

Diagnosis.

Dendroleon pupillaris is distinguished from other species of the D. pupillaris group by its continuous forewing cubital curved stripe. The pronotum has a faint dark brown longitudinal middle stripe.

Description.

Male, adult. Head (Fig. 15 B, C ). Vertex slightly narrow, strongly raised, yellowish brown. Frons yellow, with broad dark brown band at middle; clypeus yellow, with long black hairs. Antenna reddish brown, long, with slightly defined club, densely covered with short black hairs; flagellum comprising ~ 35 flagellomeres. Mouthparts yellowish brown; labrum yellow, with hyaline brown hairs; maxillary palpus yellow; labial palpus yellow.

Thorax (Fig. 15 C ). Pronotum slender, longer than broad, yellowish brown, with slender dark brown longitudinal middle stripe. Mesonotum and metanotum yellowish brown, with broad dark brown longitudinal median stripe.

Legs. Coxae yellow, moderately covered with long pale yellow hairs. Femora mostly dark brown; partly yellow; moderately covered with black setae. Tibiae mostly yellow; partly dark brown; densely covered with short black hairs. Tibial spurs yellowish brown, long, slight curved, approximately as long as combined lengths of tarsomeres 1 and 2. Tarsi dark brown, tarsomere 5 shorter than combined lengths of tarsomeres 1–4; claws yellowish brown.

Wings (Fig. 15 A ). With brown markings. Forewings attractively marked with shades of brown; veins and crossveins with white and brown; presectoral area with three or four crossveins; RP arising before CuA fork; CuP supporting two or three cells before fusing with 1 A; 2 A and 3 A separate, connected by two crossveins; pterostigma pale pink and white; anterior Banksian line distinct, posterior Banksian line absent. Hindwings approximately as long as forewings, narrower than forewings, with large brown marking extending from proximal part of pterostigma to posterior margin; presectoral area with one crossvein; RP arising before MP fork; pterostigma pale pink and white; anterior Banksian line distinct; posterior Banksian line absent; male with pilula axillaris.

Abdomen (Fig. 15 A ). Shorter than hindwing, reddish brown, densely covered with black hairs.

Genitalia (Fig. 15 D, E, H – K ). Ectoproct semicircular, covered with long black setae. Sternite IX narrow, covered with long black setae. Gonarcus brown, arched. Mediuncus lightly sclerotized, dark brown, moderately raised. Parameres broad, dark brown posteriorly, well sclerotized posteriorly.

Size. BL: 29.3 mm; FWL: 35.0 mm; HWL: 35.0 mm.

Female, adult. Except terminalia, generally similar to male. Pilula axillaris absent. Terminalia (Fig. 15 F, G ): tergite VIII wider than tergite IX; tergite IX narrow, rectangular in lateral view; ectoproct oval in lateral view; a pair of gonapophyses present below tergite IX; lateral gonapophyses smaller than ectoproct with long black setae; posterior gonapophyses long, curved, with long black setae; anterior gonapophyses long, with long black setae; pregenital plate distinct, small, triangular, presented on membrane below tergite VIII.

Size. BL: 29.1 mm; FWL: 36.8 mm; HWL: 37.0 mm.

Biological notes.

Dendroleon pupillaris is a species that is restricted in areas with well-developed mountains, such as Jiri Mountain and Gangwon-do in South Korea (Fig. 37 C ). Adults emerge later than those of other species, mainly from August to September, in South Korea. For detailed information on larval ecology, refer to Matsumoto et al. (2016).

Distribution.

Korea, Japan ( Woo et al. 1998; Zheng et al. 2024 a).

Remarks.

Dendroleon pupillaris was first recorded in Korea by Woo et al. (1998) on a checklist, without any taxonomic description or

remarks.

This record was referred to and included in the checklist of Paek (2010). In other countries, D. pupillaris has been described as a species only recorded in Japan ( Sekimoto 2014; Zheng et al. 2024 a). In this study, we confirm its distribution in Korea and provide a detailed description and illustrations.

Figures

Figure 15. Dendroleon pupillaris (Gerstaecker, 1893), adult. A. Dorsal habitus, male; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head and thorax, dorsal view; D, E. Male terminalia: D. Lateral view; E. Ventral view; F, G. Female terminalia: F. Lateral view; G. Ventral view; H – K. Male genitalia: H. Dorsal view; I. Ventral view; J. Lateral view; K. Caudal view.

Figure 37. Distribution maps. A. Synclisis japonica and Baliga micans; B. Genus Myrmeleon (Myrmeleon bore, Myrmeleon fomicarius, and Myrmeleon immanis); C. Dendroleon pupillaris and Nepsalus jezoensis; D. Genus Distoleon (Distoleon littoralis and Distoleon nigricans); E. Genus Paraglenurus (Paraglenurus albiventris, Paraglenurus japonicus, and Paraglenurus melanostictus); F. Euroleon coreanus and Deutoleon lineatus lineatus; H. Ascalohybris subjacens and Libelloides sibiricus.