Dendrophryniscus haddadi, Cruz & Caramaschi & Fusinatto & Brasileiro, 2019

Cruz, Carlos Alberto Gonçalves, Caramaschi, Ulisses, Fusinatto, Luciana Ardenghi & Brasileiro, Cinthia Aguirre, 2019, Taxonomic review of Dendrophryniscus brevipollicatus Jiménez de la Espada, 1870, with revalidation of D. imitator (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920) and D. lauroi Miranda-Ribeiro, 1926, and description of four new related species (Anura, Bufonidae), Zootaxa 4648 (1), pp. 27-62 : 45-47

Dendrophryniscus haddadi sp. nov.

( Figs. 11–12 )

Holotype. CFBH 09300 , adult male, collected at Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar , Núcleo Santa Virgínia (23 o 21’S, 45 o 08’W, Datum WGS 84; 970 m altitude), Municipality of São Luís do Paraitinga, State of São Paulo, Brazil, by Luís O.M. Giasson, on 16 June 2005.

Paratypes. All specimens collected at the type locality by Luis O.M. Giasson, on several dates : CFBH 09302 , adult female, on 16 June 2005 ; CFBH 09872 , adult female ; CFBH 09874 , adult female, both on 30 October 2005 ; CFBH 10780 , adult female, on 23 January 2006 ; CFBH 12647 , young female, on February 2005 ; CFBH 14877 , adult male ; CFBH 14878 , adult female ; CFBH 14879 , young female, all collected on 19 December 2006 ; CFBH 16320 , adult male, on 13 March 2005 ; CFBH 16321 , adult male; on 17 August 2005 ;16322, adult male, on 01 October 2005; CFBH 16325 , adult male, on 26 November 2005 .,

Diagnosis. The species is characterized by: (1) medium size for the genus ( SVL 15.7–16.8 mm in males, 17.5– 22.8 mm in females); (2) body slender; (3) snout mucronate in dorsal view; (4) canthus rostralis slightly curved; (5) absence of a set of pronounced granules posterior to the corner of mouth; (6) surfaces of upper eyelid with few granules sparse and external margin prominent; (7) tip of the third and fourth fingers poorly or not expanded laterally; (8) skinfold poor developed on the articulation of the first and second phalanges of the fingers II, III, and IV; (9) male with moderate nuptial pad with minuscule light brown horny unpigmented asperities on finger I; (10) fingers not fringed nor webbed.

Comparisons with other species. Dendrophryniscus haddadi sp. nov. is distinguished from D. proboscideus by the smaller size ( SVL 15.7–16.8mm in males of D. haddadi sp. nov.; SVL 39.2–46.4 mm in males of D. proboscideus ); D. haddadi sp. nov. is distinguished from D. krausae and D. stawiarskyi by the slender body with uniform shape (robust and enlarged posteriorly in those species); D. haddadi sp. nov. is distinguished from D. berthalutzae , D. carvalhoi , D. krausae , D. lauroi , D. oreites , D. proboscideus , D. skuki , and D. stawiarskyi by the snout mucronate in dorsal view (snout rounded in D. berthalutzae , D. carvalhoi , D. lauroi , and D. stawiarskyi ; snout truncate in dorsal view in D. krausae , D. oreites , and D. proboscideus ; snout long, narrow, spatulate, with parallel lateral borders and rounded tip in D. skuki ); by the canthus rostralis slightly curved, D. haddadi sp. nov. is distinguished from D. davori sp. nov., D. carvalhoi , D. krausae , D. lauroi , and D. stawiarskyi (canthus rostralis straight); the absence of a set of white pronounced granules posterior to the corner of mouth distinguishes D. haddadi sp. nov. from D. lauroi (elliptical set of unpigmented shallow granules posterior to the corner of mouth), D. brevipollicatus (elliptical set of white pronounced granules), D. berthalutzae , D. krausae , D. leucomystax , and D. oreites (longitudinal set), from D. imitator (two pronounced granules); D. haddadi sp. nov. presents the surfaces of upper eyelid with few granules sparse and external margin prominent (surfaces of upper eyelid with numerous granules densely distributed and with a conspicuous margin in D. brevipollicatus and D. izecksohni sp. nov.; surfaces of upper eyelid with numerous granules with the external margin slightly prominent in D. lauroi ; surfaces of upper eyelid with few granules sparse and external margin conspicuous in D. davori sp. nov.); D. haddadi sp. nov. is distinguished from D. brevipollicatus , D. lauroi , and D. organensis by the tip of the third and fourth fingers poorly or not expanded laterally (laterally expanded in those species); D. haddadi sp. nov. is distinguished from D. brevipollicatus by the presence of a skinfold poorly developed on the articulation of the first and second phalanges of the fingers II, III, and IV (well developed in this species); D. haddadi sp. nov. is distinguished from D. davori sp. nov., D. carvalhoi , D. leucomystax , and D. stawiarskyi by the presence of moderate nuptial pad in male (absent in D. leucomystax ; very developed in D. davori sp. nov., D. carvalhoi , D. izecksohni sp. nov., and D. stawiarskyi ); by the fingers not fringed nor webbed, D. haddadi sp. nov. is distinguished from D. davori sp. nov. and D. brevipollicatus (fingers slightly fringed and webbed only at base), D. izecksohni sp. nov. and D. jureia sp. nov. (fingers fringed and webbed about one third), D. krausae (fingers not fringed and webbed only at base); by the forearms as robust as upper arms D. haddadi sp. nov. is distinguished from D. imitator (forearms more robust than upper arms).

Description of the holotype. Body slender, elongated ( Fig. 11 ); head triangular, longer than large, head length 36.3% of SVL; snout mucronate in dorsal view, acute in lateral view ( Fig. 12 ); snout 49.2% of head length; nostrils not protuberant, small and elliptical, located laterally near the tip of snout, below the canthus rostralis; internarial distance 43.3% of eye to snout distance; eye diameter 56.6% of eye to snout distance and 73.9% of interorbital distance; eye protuberant; canthus rostralis slightly curved; loreal region vertical; choanae small, circular, and very far from which one; tongue long, narrow, and few enlarged posteriorly; vocal sac indistinct; vocal slits present. Arms robust, forearms as robust as upper arms; hand with fingers slender, not fringed nor webbed; distal end of the third and fourth fingers poorly expanded laterally; finger I enlarged, covered by moderate nuptial pad with minuscule light brown horny unpigmented asperities; relative lengths of fingers, I< II < IV < III; subarticular tubercles single, rounded; outer metacarpal tubercle large, rounded; inner metacarpal tubercle rounded, slightly smaller than subarticular tubercles; supernumerary tubercles present, small; skinfold poorly developed on the articulation of the first and second phalanges of the fingers III and IV. Thigh length slightly larger than tibia length; sum of thigh and tibia lengths 85.1% of snout–vent length. Tarsal length 26.2% of the snout vent length. Foot with toes slender, not fringed; interdigital webbing only at the base, webbing formulae: I1–2 + II1–3III2 - –3 IV3–2 V; distal end of toes globose, not expanded laterally, relative lengths of toes, I< II < III <V< IV; subarticular tubercles single, rounded, the same size of those of the fingers; outer metatarsal tubercle slightly larger than subarticular tubercles, rounded; inner metatarsal tubercle large, approximately 1.5 times the outer, elliptical; supernumerary tubercles present but scarce. Dorsal and lateral surfaces covered by numerous, prominent spinulose granules uniformly distributed, with uniform size, ventral surfaces covered by numerous rounded granules; surfaces of upper eyelid with few granules sparse and external margin prominent; absence of a set of pronounced granules posterior to the corner of mouth.

Color in preservative. Dorsum brown; a head blotch extending on the upper eyelids merging with an ‘X’ shaped blotch on the scapular region and an inverse ‘Y’ shaped blotch on the sacral region, extending to the inguinal region; one transversal bar on forearms and one blotch on elbow; one transversal bar on thigh, tibia, and tarsus, and one blotch on knee and heel; a lateral stripe starting at the snout, passing on the eye and reaching the inguinal region, being narrower in the loreal region; all of the bars, blotches, and stripes are dark brown; ventral surface lighter than the dorsum, with disperse small brown blotches.

Measurements of holotype. SVL 16.8; HL 6.1; HW 4.7; IND 1.3; ESD 3.0; ED 1.7; IOD 2.3; THL 7.2; TL 7.1; TAL 4.4; FL 6.1.

Variation. Specimens are congruent with respect to the morphological characters. Variation of measurements and descriptive statistics of males and females are presented in Tables 2 and 3. Sexual dimorphism can be observed on SVL (larger in female), on arms (slightly more robust in male), finger I (robust in male), and nuptial pad (on finger I of male).

Distribution. Dendrophryniscus haddadi is known from the following municipalities ( Fig. 17 ) in the states of Rio de Janeiro (Paraty) and São Paulo (Caraguatatuba, Cunha, Picinguaba, São Luiz do Paraitinga, São Sebastião, Ubatuba).

Natural history. This species is found in forested areas to bromeliads where they probably breed (L. Giasson and C. Brasileiro, personal observation)

Etymology. The name of the species honors our friend Dr. Célio F.B. Haddad, from Universidade Estadual Pau- lista (UNESP—Campus Rio Claro), by his huge contribution to the knowledge of Brazilian amphibians.

Figures

FIGURE 11. Dendrophryniscus haddadi sp. nov., holotype, CFBH 09300 (SVL 16.8 mm). Dorsal and ventral views.

FIGURE 12. Dendrophryniscus haddadi sp. nov., holotype, CFBH 09300 (SVL 16.8 mm). Dorsal and lateral views of head, ventral views of hand and foot.

FIGURE 17. Map of geographic distribution of species of Dendrophryniscus brevipollicatus group reviewed in this study. RJ, State of Rio de Janeiro; SP, State of São Paulo.