Eudorylas mutillatus ( Loew, 1858 )

FÖLDVÁRI, MIHÁLY, 2013, Taxonomic revision of the Afrotropical species of the tribe Eudorylini (Diptera, Pipunculidae), Zootaxa 3656 (1), pp. 1-121 : 81-82

Eudorylas mutillatus ( Loew, 1858)

( Figs 27A–F , 39F, P )

Pipunculus mutillatus Loew 1858: 374 [ 1860: 355 (as P. mutilatus )].

Pipunculus kumamotensis Matsumura 1915: 30 [1916: 380]—syn.: Yano et al. 1984: 56.

Pipunculus hepaticolor Becker 1900: 247 —syn.: Skevington 2003: 660.

Pipunculus cruciator Perkins 1905: 137 —syn.: Skevington 2003: 660.

Pipunculus aequalis Becker 1924: 16 —syn.: Hardy 1968: 456.

Pipunculus matema Curran 1936: 22 —syn.: Hardy 1968: 457.

Dorilas (Eudorylas) quadratus Hardy 1949 a: 53 — syn. nov.

Dorilas (Eudorylas) hiatus Hardy 1956: 5 .—syn.: Hardy 1968: 457.

Pipunculus (Eudorylas) eremnoptera Hardy 1962: 257 — syn. nov.

Pipunculus (Eudorylas) distocruciator Hardy 1966: 441 —syn.: Hardy 1968: 457.

Pipunculus (Eudorylas) ranikhetiensis Kapoor, Agarwal and Grewal 1977: 74 —syn.: Kapoor et al. 1987: 103.

Pipunculus (Eudorylas) kumaonensis Kapoor, Agarwal and Grewal 1977: 74 —syn.: Kapoor et al. 1987: 103.

Diagnosis: T6 visible (sometimes S7 as well); ST8 with dorsal groove on the right side, m.a. small, round (sometimes elliptic) and ventrally oriented. Surstyli asymmetrical, with 6–8 hairs ventrally; SES distinct; gonopods asymmetrical, OG longer, IG with pointed tip; phallic guide with hook-like projection on the right in ventral view; phallus trifid, short and bent in 90°; ejaculatory apodeme flat, mushroom-shaped; sperm pump oval, with two projections.

Type material: Madagascar: 1♂ [HT of P. eremnoptera ], [Central] Madagascar, Tan., Tananarive , 30.V.58., F. Keiser; 3♂ [PTs of P. eremnoptera ], same data, 5.IX.58, 29.VIII.58, 29.XII.57; 1♀ [AT of P. eremnoptera ], [East] Madagascar, Fia., Ranomafana. 3.VIII.58, F. Keiser (all BMNH) . Solomon Islands: 1♂ [HT of P. matema ], Matema Island, VII.7.33, Santa Cruz Islands, M. Willows Jr Collector, Templeton Crocker Exped. 1933, type No. 4036 ( CAS) . South Africa: 1♂ [HT of D. quadratus , no head], E. Cape Prov., Katberg., 4000 ft., xii. 1932; S.Africa: R.E. Turner, Brit. Mus. 1933-69 ( BMNH) . Japan: 1♂ [LT of P. kumamotensis ], Kumamoto, H. Kawamura, IX.23.1907; 1♀ [PLT of P. kumamotensis ], same data, IX.24.1907 (both EIHU) . Micronesia: 1♂ [PT of P. hiatus ], “N. MapID”, “YapGroup, Jul-Au50, RJGoss” [Caroline Is.]; 1♂ [PT of P. hiatus ], Babelthuap, Palau Islands, 20 Dec. 1947, wooded peak SW. of Ulimang, Pacific Sci.Board Ent. Surv. of Micronesia , H.S.Dybas leg. (both BPBM) . Nepal: 1♂ [PT of P. distocruciator ], Taplejung Distr., Sangu. c 6200' [feet], Mixed vegetation by stream in gully. ix–x.1961, Brit. Mus. East Nepal Exp. 1961-62., R.L. Coe Coll., B.M. 1962-177. ( BPBM) ; 1♂, [HT of P. distocruciator ], Taplejung Distr., Sangu . c 6200' [feet], Mixed vegetation by stream in gully. xi.1961 - i.1962, Brit. Mus. East Nepal Exp. 1961-62., R.L. Coe Coll., B.M. 1962-177; 2♀ [AT and PT of P. distocruciator ], same data as PT in BPBM; 1♀ [PT of P.distocruciator ], same data as AT, Between Sangu and Tamrang , Mixed plants by damp cliff in deep river gorge, c. 5200' [feet] 22.xi.1961 (all BMNH) .

Other material examined: Botswana: 1♂, Qwihba Hills , 20°01'S 21°21'E, 11–14.vii.1993, E. Marais, yellow tray ( NMNW) . Burundi: 1♀, Urundi : Terr. de Bubanza, 9-iii-1952, F.J. Francois, Colline: Buhonga, (Mu Mirwa), alt. 1500 m ( KBIN) . Comoro Islands: 1♂, 1♀, Moheli Island, No. 574., Miringoni , Malaise trap in garden 6– 12.XI.1983 (both MRAC) . Kenya: 1♂, Ngong Forestry Station , 13–18 Jan. 1968, Krombein & Spangler ( USNM) . Namibia: 4♂, Ghaub 47, 19°28'S 17°00'E, Tsumeb district , 16–26 Jul.1986, J. Irish, Malaise trapping ( NMNW, 2 HNHM) ; 1♀, Tsumkwe district, Xawasha pan 19°09'58''S 20°54'40''E, 27.xii.1998, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise trap ; 1♂, Naukluft park, Naukluft spring, 24°15'78''S 16°14'08''E, 28–30.xi.1997, Kirk-Spriggs & Marais, Malaise trap ; 1♂, Okahandja [handwriting not clear], 10.10.71, Gaerdes coll., H26081 (all NMNW) . South Africa: Natal, Weenen, H.P. Thomasset (all 8 specimens with label: Pres. by Imp. Inst. Ent. Brit. Mus. 1932-338.): iii–iv.1924 (2♂), i.1924 (1♂), iii–iv.1925 (1♂, 1♀), ii.1925 (1♂, 1♀), iv.1924 (1♀) (all USNM) ; 1♂, Durban: Natal , vii.1948, [leg.] J.C. Faure, “ARI.Pretoria” ; 1♂, S.W. Africa, (W49), Rietfontein, 23 mls. SW Grootfontein, 3.iv.1972, Southern African Exp. , B.M. 1972–1 (both BMNH) ; 1♂, Natal, Rietspruit farm 13 km NE Pietermaritzburg, 29º32’27’’S: 30º29’04’’E, 13.iii.1990, Wetland & Dam, S. A. Chinn ; 1♂, Natal #3G, Pietermaritzburg, Date : 20/ 07/1995, Coll: Curtis E Cradock ; 1♂, Injasuti, Natal 29º09’S 29º25’E, Giant’s Castle Gm Res. , 7–8 June 1980, R. Miller & P. Stubbins. river trib .; 1♂, KZ-Natal #19, Estcourt, 29º51’E: 29º12’N, 1492m, Date : 4.v.1994, Coll: A. Baily ; 1♂, Cape #30, Big Tree Forest, 33º55’S: 22º40’E, c 400m, Date : 09.ix.1993, Coll: D. & C. Barraclough Woodville ; 1♂, Houtbosloop River, near Rivulets, Transvaal , Nelspruit Dist. 2530BC, 6 Nov. 70, Stuckenberg Gallery Forest (all NMSA) ; 2♂, Natal Cathedral Peak area , 28–31 May 1981, R.M. Miller 2829CC, grassland ( NMSA, HNHM) ; 2♂, 2♀, Elisabethville , iv. and iii. 1939, H.J. Brédo (all KBIN) . Uganda: 4♂, 2♀, Ankole, Kichwamba, IV-23-29-[19]68, PJ Spangler (3 USNM, 3 HNHM) ; 2♂, 1♀ s, same data, V-1-5-1968 ( USNM, 1♂ HNHM) . Zimbabwe: 1♂, “S. Rhodesia”, XI.27., [handwriting not clear:] “HD3oe”, [leg:] A. Cuthbertson ( AMNH) ; 1♂, 1♀, Torina , 4.–18.III.1952, D.O. Afrika Exp. [German East Africa Expedition] ; 1♂, Kware b. Moshi , 27.XII.–13.I.1952, D.O. Afrika Exp. (all SMNS) ; 1♂, Rhodesia, Victoria Falls Nat’l Park, IV-3-6-1968, Paul Spangler ( USNM) .

Male

Head. Third antennal segment yellow; acuminate. Face silvery pollinose. Frons, upper part shining black, lower part silvery pollinose (except narrow black median line); eyes touching for distance equal to 2.5 times ocellar triangle. Occiput, lower half silvery pollinose, upper half less so.

Thorax. Humeri pale brown. Mesonotum (viewed obliquely from front) brownish pollinose; silvery from the side. Scutellum brownish pollinose, 3–4 pairs of pale, short hairs. Dorsocentral hairs distinct. Halter yellow-brown.

Legs. Trochanters and base of femora yellow-brown, femora brown (pv f1,2 silvery pollinose, f3 shining brown), knees, tibiae and tarsal segments yellow, last segment brown-black. Ventroapical row of 2–3(-6) very short dark spines on first femora; 5–8 spines on f2; 4–5 longer spines on 3rd femur. Subapical (distal) spines on first four tibiae present (short). No anteromedial hairs on 3rd tibia. Hind trochanter with two to six pale hairs on ventral side as long as basal width of tibia. Pulvilli as long as last tarsal segment.

Wing. Fourth costal section 1.4–1.7 times as long as third costal section. Cross-vein R-M just beyond 1/3 of discal cell. Pterostigma fully coloured. Hairs on tegula absent.

Abdomen. Viewed obliquely from front tergites completely silvery-golden pollinose (may be brown with slightly silver pollinosity). Minute pale hairs occasionally. 1–4 dark lateral spines on first tergite. Postabdomen in dorsal view: T6 visible (sometimes S7 as well); T5 0.8–1 times as long as ST8. Genitalia without dissection: black, SS+EP yellowish, ST8 with dorsal groove on the right side, m.a. small, round (sometimes elliptic) and ventrally oriented.

Genitalia. Surstyli asymmetrical, with 6–8 hairs ventrally; ST8 slightly enlarged ( Fig. 27B ). SES distinct; gonopods asymmetrical, OG longer, IG with pointed tip; lobes of hypandrium slightly turned; phallic guide with hook-like projection on the right in ventral view ( Fig. 27F ); phallus trifid, short and bent in 90°; ejaculatory apodeme flat, mushroom-shaped; sperm pump oval, with two projections ( Fig. 27D ).

Female

As male except for the following characters. Frons, eyes separated; silver-grey pollinose except in front of ocellar triangle for length equal to 0.5 times ocellar triangle. Third antennal segment more distinctly pointed than in males. Pulvilli and claws about 2–2.5 times as long as last tarsal segment. Fourth costal section 1.2–1.5 times as long as third costal section. Female ovipositor ( Figs 39F, P ): piercer curved.

Remarks — Skevington (2003) designated a neotype for this species from South Africa ("Natal, Weenen, [28°51' S, 30°04' E, 866 m], 2840 ft., in thorn country, vii–viii. 1923, H.P. THOMASSET, Pres. by Com. Inst. Ent. B. M. 1948-198, #4489 (BMNH)"), which has not been studied. This species has a projection next to the trifid phallus similar as in E. rubrus , which might be related to this species. The species can be recognised by the dorsal groove on the ST8 and the coloration of the legs, and after dissection of males the pointed tip of the IG is very distinct.

Distribution— Botswana, Burundi, Comoro Islands, Japan, Kenya, Madagascar, Micronesia, Namibia, Nepal, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Uganda, Zimbabwe.

Figures

FIGURE 27. Male genitalia of Eudorylas mutillatus (A–F) and E. natalensis (G–L).—A: outer surstylus with phallic guide and outer gonopod, lateral view, B: dorsal view, C: inner surstylus, lateral view, D: sperm pump with ejaculatory apodeme, E: surstyli, dorsal view, F: ventral view with phallic guide, phallus (without ST8), G: outer surstylus with phallic guide, phallus and outer gonopod, lateral view, H: dorsal view, I: inner surstylus, lateral view, J: ventral view with phallic guide and its process (without ST8), K: surstyli, dorsal view, L: sperm pump with ejaculatory apodeme. Scale bars: 0.1 mm

FIGURE 39. Female ovipositors.—A: Eudorylas liberia, B: Eudorylas setiformis, C: Eudorylas aemulus, D: Eudorylas garambensis, E: Eudorylas remiformis, F: Eudorylas mutillatus (E. eremnoptera), G–H: Eudorylas definitus (E. excisus), I: Eudorylas facetus, J–K: Dasydorylas quasidorsalis, L: Eudorylas amuscarinum, M: Eudorylas abdominalis, N–O: Clistoabdominalis namibiensis sp. nov., P: Eudorylas mutillatus, Q: Eudorylas femoralis sp. nov., R: Eudorylas ghesquierei, S: Dasydorylas okongoensis sp. nov., T–U: Eudorylas angustus, V: Eudorylas excisus. Scale bar: 0.5 mm