Europharinodes schaufussi Yin & Cai, 2022

Yin, Zi-Wei, Tihelka, Erik, Lozano-Fernandez, Jesus & Cai, Chen-Yang, 2022, The first fossil Hybocephalini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae) from the middle Eocene of Europe and its evolutionary and biogeographic implications, Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80, pp. 279-294 : 279

publication ID	https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e82644
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:1D57CB0C-56C4-4DA5-91E1-CF7E9BB40E74
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5BB9EDF8-BE3F-43D5-854B-89585BF7E453
taxon LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:act:5BB9EDF8-BE3F-43D5-854B-89585BF7E453
treatment provided by	Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny by Pensoft
scientific name	Europharinodes schaufussi Yin & Cai
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Europharinodes schaufussi Yin & Cai View in CoL sp. nov.

Figs 2 View Figure 2 , 3 View Figure 3 , 4 View Figure 4 , 5 View Figure 5 , 6 View Figure 6

Type material.

Holotype (#SNUC-Paleo-0102), deposited in SNUC; a complete, well-preserved male in a 11.6 mm × 7.1 mm × 7.0 mm transparent yellow amber piece, without syninclusions; two surfaces regarding beetle’s lateral and dorsal aspect were cut and polished for observation and photography.

Locality and horizon.

Amber mined from the open-pit mine in Yantarny (Fig. 6 View Figure 6 ), Kaliningrad region, Russia; layers between the Bartonian-Priabonian "Wilde Erde" plus "Blaue Erde" and the lower Lutetian "Untere Blaue Erde"; mid-Eocene, 45.0-38.0 Ma ( Bukejs et al. 2019).

Diagnosis.

As for the genus (vide supra), plus the following: body length approximately 2.1 mm; male antennae lacking modifications; sternites 4 and 5 each with a nodule at middle; aedeagus relatively stout, with short basoventral projection, median lobe with large basal capsule and dorsal diaphragm, sclerotized endophallus present, parameres elongate, each with two long setae at the apex.

Description.

Male. Body (Figs 2B-D View Figure 2 ; 3A, B View Figure 3 ) length approximately 2.1 mm. Most surface of body covered with squamous setae. Head (Fig. 3E-G View Figure 3 ) roundly triangular, sub-rectangular at base, slightly longer than wide, length 0.47 mm, width across eyes 0.45 mm, length/width 1.04; vertex roughly punctate, almost flat, distinct vertexal foveae (dorsal tentorial pits) located above level of posterior margin of eyes; frons with narrow and short rostrum, anteriorly confluent with sharply declining clypeus, impressed between slightly raised antennal tubercles; clypeus with smooth surface, anterior margin broadly rounded, carinate and moderately raised; ocular-mandibular carina absent; postgenal region moderately projected. Venter with small, broadly separated gular foveae (posterior tentorial pits) in transverse impression, longitudinally ridged along middle, weakly impressed admesally. Compound eyes large and prominent, each composed of approximately 30 ommatidia, vertical length of eye/temple 2.1. Antenna moderately elongate, length 0.90 mm, lacking modification; antennomeres with rough surfaces; distinct club (Fig. 2B-D, F View Figure 2 ) formed by enlarged apical three antennomeres; antennomere 1 thick, subcylindrical, 2 and 3 each slightly elongate, 2 slightly longer and wider than 3, 4-7 subequal in width, approximately as long as wide, 8 shortest, slightly transverse, 9 enlarged, slightly longer than wide (including basal stalk), 10 as long as and slightly wider than 9, 11 largest, approximately as long as 9 and 10 combined, 1.24 times as broad as 10.

Prothorax with dense squamous setae (Fig. 3C View Figure 3 ). Pronotum (Fig. 4A View Figure 4 ) approximately as long as wide, length 0.42 mm, width 0.41 mm, length/width 1.02, widest at middle; sides rounded, convergent apically and basally; disc moderately convex; with distinct median and lateral antebasal foveae. Hypomeron confluent with prosternum, with antero-hypomeral fovea (Fig. 4B, C View Figure 4 ; ahf), lacking hypomeral ridge. Prosternum with anterior part much shorter than coxal part, with small, broadly separated lateral procoxal foveae (Fig. 4C View Figure 4 ; lpcf); margin of coxal cavity moderately carinate.

Elytra (Fig. 4D View Figure 4 ) with squamous setae finer than those of pronotum and abdomen, much wider than long, length 0.71 mm, width 0.90 mm, length/width 0.79 mm; each elytron with two large basal foveae and two distinct discal striae; humerus weakly prominent, lacking subhumeral fovea or marginal stria. Hindwing fully developed, membranous.

Mesoventrite short, well-demarcated from metaventrite; median mesoventral foveae (Fig. 4E View Figure 4 ; mmsf) moderately separated, with large lateral mesoventral fovea, mesoventral process short. Metaventrite distinctly raised admesally, inclined towards middle, with well-developed lateral mesocoxal (Fig. 4F View Figure 4 ; lmcf) and single median metaventral fovea (Fig. 4F View Figure 4 ; mmtf), posterior margin broadly emarginate, convex at middle, with small, short median split (Fig. 4F View Figure 4 ; ms).

Legs moderately elongate, lacking modification; mesotrochanter elongate; all femora coarsely punctate; tarsi with short tarsomeres 1 and long tarsomeres 2 and 3, with 3 slightly longer than 2; each tarsus with two sub-equal pretarsal claws (Fig. 2G View Figure 2 ).

Abdomen widest at lateral margins of paratergite 1 (IV), length 0.64 mm, width 0.66 mm; whole surface covered with broad squamous setae. Tergite 1 (IV) slightly longer than 2 (V), deeply and broadly sulcate at base, at least with one pair of basolateral foveae, lacking discal carina; tergite 2-4 (IV-VII) subequal in length along midline, each distinctly sulcate at base and with one pair of basolateral foveae (Fig. 4G View Figure 4 ; blf), tergite 5 (VIII) semicircular, transverse, posterior margin roundly emarginate at middle; accompanying paratergites 1-3 (Fig. 4G View Figure 4 ; pt1-3) broad, 4 triangular. Sternites successively shorter; sternites 2-5 (IV-VII) medially slightly impressed, each with broad sulcus at base and one pair of basolateral foveae (Fig. 4G View Figure 4 ; blf), lacking carina, 4 and 5 each with single nodule at middle (Fig. 4I View Figure 4 ; mn), sternite 6 (VIII) transverse, posterior margin broadly emarginate.

Aedeagus (Fig. 5D-F, I-K View Figure 5 ) 0.28 mm long, dorso-ventrally symmetrical, median lobe (Fig. 5E, J View Figure 5 ; ml) with large basal capsule (Fig. 5E, J View Figure 5 ; bc) and dorsal diaphragm (Fig. 5D, I View Figure 5 ; dd), narrowed towards apex and moderately bent ventrally, basoventral projection (Fig. 5E, J View Figure 5 ; bp) short; endophallus (Fig. 5G-J View Figure 5 ; en) well-sclerotized; parameres (Fig. 5E, J View Figure 5 ; pa) paired, elongate, rounded at apices, each with two long apical setae.

Female. Unknown.

Etymology.

The new species is named after the German naturalist Ludwig W. Schaufuss (1833- 1890), who described most of the known fossil pselaphines from Baltic amber.