Nothofagus nitida (Phil.) Krasser (1896: 163)

Heenan, Peter B. & Smissen, Rob D., 2013, Revised circumscription of Nothofagus and recognition of the segregate genera Fuscospora, Lophozonia, and Trisyngyne (Nothofagaceae), Phytotaxa 146 (1), pp. 1-31 : 18-21

Nothofagus nitida (Phil.) Krasser (1896: 163) ≡ Fagus nitida Philippi (1858: 44) . Lectotype (designated

here):— CHILE. Huaitecas y Chonos, January 1857, F. Fonck 159 ( SGO 63009, image!) .

C. Muñoz (in sched., February 1960) annotated SGO 63009 as type specimen. We are unaware of any other published lectotypification and as we concur with this assessment we formally designate this specimen as lectotype .

Nothofagus pumilio (Poepp. & Endl.) Krasser (1896: 161) ≡ Fagus pumilio Poeppig & Endlicher (1838: 68 , t. 195). Type:— CHILE. (none cited).

A lectotypification is not undertaken as we have been unable to locate original material.

Trisyngyne Baillon (1874: 136) . Lectotype (designated by Baumann-Bodenheim 1953):— Trisyngyne codonandra Baill.

= Nothofagus section Sempervirentes subsection Bipartitae Steenis (1952a: 146) ≡ Nothofagus section Calusparassus subsection Bipartitae (Steenis) Steenis (1953a: 338) . = Nothofagus section Sempervirentes subsection Bipartitae series Triflorae Steenis (1952a: 146) ≡ Nothofagus section Calusparassus subsection Bipartitae series Triflorae (Steenis) Steenis (1953a: 338) . = Nothofagus subgenus Brassospora Philipson & Philipson (1988: 34). Type:— Nothofagus brassii Steenis [≡ Trisyngyne brassii (Steenis) Heenan & Smissen ].

= Nothofagus section Sempervirentes subsection Bipartitae series Uniflorae Steenis (1952a: 146) ≡ Nothofagus section Calusparassus subsection Bipartitae series Uniflorae (Steenis) Steenis (1953a: 338) . Type:— N. pullei Steenis [≡ Trisyngyne pullei (Steenis) Heenan & Smissen ].

= Trisyngyne subgenus Papuofagus Baumann-Bodenheim (1992: 111 – 112) , nom. inval.

This name is invalid as Baumann-Bodenheim (1992) included six species in this subgenus but he did not

indicate a type ( McNeill et al. 2012, ICN Art. 40.1).

= Trisyngyne subgenus Papuofagus section Papuofagus Baumann-Bodenheim (1992: 112) , nom. inval.

Baumann-Bodenheim (1992) indicated the type of this taxon as T. pullei , itself not a validly published

name because it lacked a full and direct reference to the basionym ( McNeill et al. 2012, ICN Art. 41.5).

= Trisyngyne subgenus Papuofagus section Papuofagus subsection Papuofagus Baumann-Bodenheim (1992: 112) , nom. inval.

Baumann-Bodenheim (1992) indicated the type of this taxon as T. pullei , itself not validly published at the

time because it lacked a full and direct reference to the basionym ( McNeill et al. 2012, ICN Art. 41.5).

= Trisyngyne subgenus Papuofagus section Papuofagus subsection carri Baumann-Bodenheim (1992: 112) , nom. inval.

Baumann-Bodenheim (1992) indicated the type of this taxon as T. carri , itself not validly published at the time because it lacked a full and direct reference to the basionym ( McNeill et al. 2012, ICN Art. 41.5).

= Trisyngyne subgenus Papuofagus section Trysyngynopsis Baumann-Bodenheim (1992: 113) , nom. inval.

Baumann-Bodenheim (1992) indicated the type of this taxon as T. brassi , itself not validly published at the time because it lacked a full and direct reference to the basionym ( McNeill et al. 2012, ICN Art. 41.5).

= Trisyngyne subgenus Trisyngyne section Trisyngyne series Balansae Baumann-Bodenheim (1992: 110 –

111), nom. inval.

This name is invalid as Baumann-Bodenheim (1992) included three species in this taxon but did not indicate a type ( McNeill et al. 2012, ICN Art. 40.1).

= Trisyngyne subgenus Trisyngyne section Trisyngyne series Baumanniae Baumann-Bodenheim (1992: 110) .

Type:— Trisyngyne baumanniae Baum. -Bod.

Baumann-Bodenheim (1992) did not explicitly indicate a type for this taxon but included only T. baumanniae which is acceptable as an indication of the type ( McNeill et al. 2012, ICN Art. 40.3).

Trees up to 40 m high, or sometime shrubs. Leaves distichous or spiralled, conduplicate, evergreen, entire or teeth with 1–2 serrations, fimbrial veins incomplete or absent; with large globular glandular trichomes on cuticle; without solitary unicellular trichome type A with a very small, unthickened base and with a large, unicellular, thin-walled trichome emerging; without solitary unicellular trichome type C with a large base equal to or greater than the diameter of the trichome and with a large, unicellular, thin-walled trichome emerging; with or without conical unicellular trichomes with a heavily thickened foot cell. Stomata randomly oriented; without thickened T-pieces of cuticle at the poles separating the two guard cells; with giant stomata over the major veins; stomata size within the areoles more-or-less even. Upper epidermal cells over veins thinner than areolar cells or not distinguishable from areolar cells, without granular cell walls. Stipules peltate. Dichasia 1- or 3-dimerous. Male floral meristem round. Staminate flowers with a tubular strongly connate perianth; lobes 4, rarely 2, 3 or 5, reduced, symmetric and regular; stamens <20, centripetal development; anthers 2.0–8.0 mm long, straight with only the apex slightly curved, distal connective protrusion pronounced and strongly developed, filament connective connate, with epidermal cells consisting of longitudinal ridges of striated papillae, often with papillose ornamentation on the distal connective protrusion and weakly ornamented cells on the lateral, dorsal and ventral sides. Pollen goniotreme, mesocolpia straight to concave; colpi parallel-sided with U-shaped ends, margins inwardly thickened and/or inflexed; aperture 4–11 µm long, polar to equatorial lengths ratio> 0.3. Cupule valves 2 or absent; outer surface of valves glabrous; lamellae membranous or woody, glabrous, entire; fruits 1 or 3 dimerous.

Twenty-five species from Papua New Guinea , Indonesian Papua and New Caledonia.

Notes:— Baumann-Bodenheim (1992) proposed the transfer of a number of names in Nothofagus to Trisyngyne . However, he did not provide a full and direct reference to the basionym and place of publication and therefore his combinations are not validly published ( McNeill et al. 2012, ICN Art. 41.5). It is therefore necessary to make new combinations in Trisyngyne for names published in Nothofagus , and this action is taken below.

Trisyngyne aequilateralis Baumann-Bodenheim (1953: 421) ≡ Nothofagus aequilateralis (Baum.-Bod.) Steenis (1954: 266). Type:— NEW CALEDONIA. Grande Terre, zwischen Vallée Riv. Blanche und Riv. Bleu, 16 August 1951, M. Baumann-Bodenheim 15273 (holotype Z, image!).

Trisyngyne balansae Baillon (1874: 137) ≡ Nothofagus balansae (Baill.) Steenis (1954: 266) . Type:— NEW CALEDONIA. Forêts au dessus de Téné près Bourail, 19 March 1869, B. Balansa 1377 (holotype P, image!).

Trisyngyne baumanniae Baumann-Bodenheim (1953: 420) ≡ Nothofagus baumanniae (Baum.-Bod.) Steenis (1954: 266). Type:— NEW CALEDONIA. Grande Terre, Mt. Mou Gipfel am Übergang zum Nebelwald, 13 March 1951, M. Baumann-Bodenheim 11277 (holotype Z, image!).

Trisyngyne bernhardii (Steenis) Heenan & Smissen , comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus bernhardii Steenis (1952a: 147) . Type:— INDONESIA. Papua, 18 km SW of Bernhard Camp, Idenburg River , February 1939, L. J. Brass 12453 (holotype L, image!).

Trisyngyne brassii (Steenis) Heenan & Smissen , comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus brassii Steenis (1952a: 146) . Type:— INDONESIA. Papua, Bele River camp, 18 km NE of Lake Habbema , November 1938, L. J. Brass & C. Versteegh 11115 (holotype L, image!).

Trisyngyne carrii (Steenis) Heenan & Smissen , comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus carrii Steenis (1952a: 147) . Type:— PAPUA NEW GUINEA . Below The Gap, 8 January 1936, C. E. Carr 15028 (holotype L, image!).

Trisyngyne codonandra Baillon (1874: 136–137) ≡ Nothofagus codonandra (Baill.) Steenis (1954: 266) . Lectotype (designated by Baumann-Bodenheim 1953):— NEW CALEDONIA. Mt. Mou, 14 April 1870, B. Balansa 2749 (P, image!).

Trisyngyne cornuta (Steenis) Heenan & Smissen , comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus cornuta Steenis (1952a: 147) . Type:— INDONESIA. Papua, Wissel Lake region, base of Bubeiro and Enarotali , August 1939, P. J. Eyma 5122 (holotype L, image!).

Trisyngyne crenata (Steenis) Heenan & Smissen , comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus crenata Steenis (1952a: 147) . Type:— INDONESIA. Papua, Bele River camp, 18 km NE of Lake Habbema , November 1938, L. J. Brass 11335 (holotype L, image!).

Trisyngyne decipiens (Steenis) Heenan & Smissen , comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus decipiens Steenis (1952a: 147) . Type:— INDONESIA. Papua, 18 km SW of Bernhard Camp, Idenburg , February 1939, L. J. Brass 12675 (holotype L, image!).

Trisyngyne discoidea Baumann-Bodenheim (1953: 420) ≡ Nothofagus discoidea (Baum.-Bod.) Steenis (1954: 266). Type:— NEW CALEDONIA. Grande Terre, Mois de Mai, Vallée de la River Blance, 4 August 1951, M. Baumann-Bodenheim 15000 (holotype Z, image!).

Trisyngyne dura (Steenis) Heenan & Smissen , comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus dura Steenis (1952a: 147) . Type:— INDONESIA. Papua, 9 km NE of Lake Habbema , October 1938, L. J. Brass & C. Versteegh 10443 (holotype L, image!).

Trisyngyne eymae (Steenis) Heenan & Smissen , comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus eymae Steenis (1952a: 147) . Type:— INDONESIA. Papua, Wissel Lake , 29 March 1939, P.J. Eyma 4800 (holotype L, image!).

Trisyngyne flaviramea (Steenis) Heenan & Smissen , comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus flaviramea Steenis (1955: 281) . Type:— PAPUA NEW GUINEA . Finschaffen [Finschhafen], Ngadua–Yunzain, 25 April 1953, J. S. Womersley NGF 5139 (holotype L, image!).

Trisyngyne grandis (Steenis) Heenan & Smissen , comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus grandis Steenis (1952a: 147) . Type:— PAPUA NEW GUINEA . Aiyura, near Kuminankira, October 1944, L. S. Smith NGF 1098 (holotype A, image!).

Trisyngyne nuda (Steenis) Heenan & Smissen , comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus nuda Steenis (1972: 285) . Type:— PAPUA NEW GUINEA . Upper Wenna Creek branch of the Tauri River near Paina Village, Gulf District, 15 March 1966, R. Pullen 6582 (holotype CANB 162512, image!).

Trisyngyne perryi (Steenis) Heenan & Smissen , comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus perryi Steenis (1952a: 146) . Type:— PAPUA NEW GUINEA . East Mt. Taffa, near Nemodi, July 1935, L. J. Brass 5057a (holotype A, image!).

Trisyngyne pseudoresinosa (Steenis) Heenan & Smissen , comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus pseudoresinosa Steenis (1952a: 147) . Type:— PAPUA NEW GUINEA . Sattelberg, Mt. Sarawaket, 24 March 1937, M. S. Clemens 5849 (holotype A, image!).

Trisyngyne pullei (Steenis) Heenan & Smissen , comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus pullei Steenis (1952a: 146–147) . Type:— PAPUA NEW GUINEA . Mt. Hellwig, 4 January 1913, A. A. Pulle 909 (holotype L, image!).

Trisyngyne recurva (Steenis) Heenan & Smissen , comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus recurva Steenis (1952a: 146) . Type:— INDONESIA. Papua, Mt. Arfak, Angi Gita Lake , 9–22 October 1948, A. J. G. H. Kostermans 2384 (holotype L, image!).

Trisyngyne resinosa (Steenis) Heenan & Smissen , comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus resinosa Steenis (1952a: 147) . Type:— INDONESIA. Papua, 9 km NE of Lake Habbema , 22 October 1938, L. J. Brass 10479 (holotype L, image!).

Trisyngyne rubra (Steenis) Heenan & Smissen , comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus rubra Steenis (1952a: 147) . Type:— INDONESIA. Papua, 18 km SW of Bernhard Camp, Idenburg River , 03 February 1939, L. J. Brass & C. Versteegh 11997 (holotype A, image!).

Trisyngyne starkenborghii (Steenis) Heenan & Smissen , comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus starkenborghii Steenis (1952a: 146) . Type:— INDONESIA. Papua, Camp at Bele River , 18 km NE of Lake Habbema , November 1938, L. J. Brass 11369 (holotype L, image!).

Trisyngyne stylosa (Steenis) Heenan & Smissen , comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus stylosa Steenis (1986: 732) . Type:— INDONESIA. Papua, Mt. Trikora , September 1982, J. M. Mangen 229 (holotype L, image!).

Trisyngyne womersleyi (Steenis) Heenan & Smissen , comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus womersleyi Steenis (1972: 294) . Type:— INDONESIA. Papua, Watjetoni Mt., Kebar valley , BW (C. Versteegh) 10320 (holotype L, image!).