Gagea glacialis K.Koch, Linnaea

Tekşen, Mehtap & Erkul, Seher Karaman, 2015, The synopsis of the genus Gagea (Liliaceae) in Turkey, Phytotaxa 230 (1), pp. 101-129 : 109-110

Gagea glacialis K.Koch, Linnaea 22: 228 (1849)

= Gagea colchica Albow ex A.Terracc., Bull. Herb. Boissier , 2, 5: 1121 (1905).

Type (lectotype designated by Davlianidze 1976: 132): — TURKEY. auf dem Rucken des pontischen Gebirges des Gaues Hemschin auf Granitboden, 1 August 1843, K. Koch 961 ( G!).

Specimens seen: — TURKEY. Melo Dag. ( Prov. Artvin), ca. 1780 m, 20 May 2009, E. Pasche ( PI!) ; Erzurum: Karaçoban, Kırmızı Tuzla environment, fields, 1500 m, 2 April 2006, LFM 045 ( VANF!) ; Golyurt-Pass ( Prov. Erzurum), 2380 m, 27 May 2009, E. Pasche ( PI!) ; Gümüşhane: Kop mountain , 18 May 1976, T. Baytop 34879 ( E!) ; Kop mountain , 18 May 1976, T. Baytop 34880 ( E!) ; Çamlıhemşin, around of Amlakıt plateau, alpine meadows, 2100–2350 m, 25 June 1981, A. Güner 3847 ( ANK!) ; Kahramanmaraş: Süleymanlı, Berit mountain, Çimen plateau, 2700 m, 11 June 1978, B. Yıldız 2041 ( ANK!) ; Kars: from Doğrular village to Yukarıdemirdöven ridges, throughout road, 1450–2200 m, 30 May 1986, N. Demirkuş 3449 ( HUB!) ; Cam-Pass ( Prov. Kars), 2640 m, 21 May 2009, E. Pasche ( PI!) ; Kayseri: Erciyes mountain , steppe, 2791 m, 17 June 2010, M. Tekşen 2535 & S. Karaman ( GAZI!) ; Erciyes mountain , steppe, 2840 m, 17 June 2010, M. Tekşen 2538 & S. Karaman ( AKSU!) ; Erciyes mountain , steppe, 2791 m, 17 June 2010, M. Tekşen 2536 & S. Karaman ( AKSU) ; Konya: Ereğli, Halkapınar, Kayasaray , Körpınar , Dartepe state, steppe, 10 May 1982, H. Malyer 1722 ( ESSE!) ; Ereğli, Aydos mountain, Yazıgöl plateau, 10 July 1977, S. Erik 2412 ( E!) ; Muş: Malazgirt , NW of Beşçatak village, roadsides, 1567 m, 2 April 2006, LFM 001 ( VANF!) ; 90 km to Tatvan , 1500–1800 m, 24 April 1997, L. Behçet 5545 ( VANF!) ; Muradiye, Koruk state, water meadows, 1716 m, 1 May 1998, M. Ünal 1058 ( VANF!) ; Özalp, above Boğazkesen village , steppe, 2179 m, 20 June 1996, F. Özgökçe 1141 ( VANF!) ; Özalp, from Ayazlı to Sugeçer , meadows, 2175 m, 28 June 1997, F. Özgökçe 4217b ( VANF!) ; Niğde: Aladağlar National Park, Emli valley , steppe, 1757 m, 2 May 2010, M. Tekşen 2364 & S. Karaman, A. Savran ; Ulukışla, Meydan plateau, steppe, 2309 m, 2 May 2010, M. Tekşen 2367 & S. Karaman, A. Savran ( AKSU!) ; Ovit-Pass ( Prov. Rize), ca. 2588 m, 28 May 2009, E. Pasche ( PI!) ; Sivas: E. Flank (falsa ridge) of Tahtali mountain , 05 June 1977, J. Watson 5543 ( E!) ; Trabzon: 68 km SW of Trabzon on Torul road, Top of Zigana pass, 27 May 1985, Johm 152 ( K!) ; Tunceli: Munzur mountains, above Ovacık, turf by melting snow, c. 2800 m, 17 July 1957, Davis 31286 & Hedge ( ANK!) ; Ovacık, Munzur mountains, Karagöl valley , 1300–1500 m, 6 May 1979, Ş. Yıldırımlı 1374 ( ANK!) ; Yozgat: Çayıralan, 20 km from Çayıralan to Gemerek , rocky places, steppe, c. 1500 m, 8 April 1983, H. Malyer 2796 ( ESSE!) ; Van: Gürpınar , SW of Yedisalkım village, steppe, 2400 m, 15 April 2001, M. Ünal 4717 ( VANF!) ; Gürpınar, above Sapakonak village , steppe, 2400 m, 6 April 2001, M. Ünal 4739 ( VANF!) ; Gürpınar, Bölmeçalı crossroad, steppe, 2300 m, 6 April 2001, M. Ünal 4736 ( VANF!) ; Erciş, Altındere stud farm environment, meadows, 1848 m, 10 April 2006, O. Karabacak 4217 ( VANF!) ; Zigana Pass ( Prov. Trabzon), ca. 2150 m, 17 May 2009, E. Pasche ( PI!) .

Flowering time: — April–July(–August).

Habitat: — Water meadows, by melting snow patches on screes, steppe, limestone rocky places, 1900–2900 m.

Distribution: — Turkey (Central and East Anatolia), Caucasia ( Govaerts 2015). Irano-Turanian element.

Note: — Rix (1984) and Zarrei et al. (2007) considered G. glacialis to be a synonym of G. fragifera ( Peterson et al. 2009) . Peterson et al. (2009) showed that molecular data can differentiate G. glacialis from G. fragifera . Gagea glacialis is considered as a likely hybridogenous unit, closely related to G. fragifera . Gagea fragifera and G. tenuissima are discussed as putative parental species giving rise to G. glacialis ( Peterson et al. 2009, Peruzzi et al. 2011b).