Gailleagrassor paratethyca, Harzhauser & Landau, 2024

Harzhauser, Mathias & Landau, Bernard M., 2024, The Colubrariidae, Eosiphonidae, Melongenidae, Pisaniidae, Prodotiidae and Tudiclidae (Gastropoda, Buccinoidea) of the Miocene Paratethys Sea, Zootaxa 5427 (1), pp. 1-110 : 21-23

Gailleagrassor paratethyca nov. sp.

Figs 10A–E

Fusus glomoides Gené —Hörnes 1853: 277, pl. 31, figs 1a–b [non Calagrassor glomoides ( Bellardi & Michelotti, 1840) ]. Fusus glomoides Gené — Neugeboren 1854: 183 [non Calagrassor glomoides ( Bellardi & Michelotti, 1840) ].

Fusus glomoides Gené —Kittl 1897: 247 [non Calagrassor glomoides ( Bellardi & Michelotti, 1840) ].

Fusus (Chrysodomus) Hoernesi Bell. —Hoernes & Auinger 1890: 256 [non Calagrassor hoernesi ( Bellardi, 1873) ]. Chrysodomus hoernesi (Bellardi) — Boettger 1902: 36 [non Calagrassor hoernesi ( Bellardi, 1873) ].

Chrysodomus hoernesi (Bellardi) — Boettger 1906: 30 [non Calagrassor hoernesi ( Bellardi, 1873) ].

Neptunea (N [eptunea)]. Hoernesi (Belld.) — Sieber 1958: 150 [non Calagrassor hoernesi ( Bellardi, 1873) ].

Neptunea hoernesi (Bellardi) — Csepreghy-Meznerics 1969: 84, pl. 4, figs 10–14 [non Calagrassor hoernesi ( Bellardi, 1873) ]. Neptunea hörnesi Bellardi — Csepreghy-Meznerics 1972: 28, pl. 10, figs 29, 31 [non Calagrassor hoernesi ( Bellardi, 1873) ]. Eosipho hoernesi (Bellardi, 1872) — Kovács 2022: 72, figs 22–23 [non Calagrassor hoernesi ( Bellardi, 1873) ].

Non Neptunea hoernesi (Bellardi) — Stancu et al. 1971: 125, pl. 8, fig. 5 [= Calagrassor viciani nov. sp.].

Type material. Holotype. NHMW 1865 /0001/0204a, SL: 67.4 mm, MD: 28.3 mm, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania), Figs 10A 1 –A 2 . Paratypes: NHMW 1865 /0001/0204b, SL: 63.0 mm , MD: 24.6 mm, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania), Figs 10B 1 –B 2 . NHMW 1855 /0045/0714a, SL: 70.7 mm , MD: 30.5 mm, Grund ( Austria), Figs 10C 1 –C 2 . NHMW 1855 /0045/0714, SL: 74.7 mm , MD: 35.7 mm, Grund ( Austria), illustrated in Hörnes (1853: pl. 31, fig. 1), Figs 10D 1 –D 2 . NHMW 1861 /0050/0077, SL: 61.6 mm , MD: 27.0 mm, Hrušovany nad Jevišovkou ( Czech Republic), Fig. 10E .

Additional paratypes. 1 spec., NHMW 2013 /0300/0325, Baden-Sooss ( Austria) ; 2 spec., NHMW 1863 /0015/0474, Forchtenau ( Austria) ; 4 spec., NHMW A1441 , Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) ; 5 spec., NHMW 1854 /0035/0204, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) ; 6 spec., NHMW 1870 /0033/0093, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) ; 6 spec., NHMW 1854 /0030/0203, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) ; 1 spec., NHMW 1867 /0019/0110, CoŞteiu de Sus ( Romania) ; 7 spec., NHMW 1863 /0015/0962, Hrušovany nad Jevišovkou ( Czech Republic) ; 2 spec., NHMW A 717 , Ostrava ( Czech Republic) .

Type locality. Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania), Făget Basin.

Type stratum. Silt and clay of the Dej Formation.

Age. Middle Miocene, early/middle Badenian (Langhian).

Etymology. Referring to the Paratethys Sea.

Diagnosis. Moderately large, elongate fusiform shell with cancellate sculpture on early teleoconch whorls, abapically sculpture of prominent narrow, flat spiral cords, typically with one weaker secondary intercalated between primaries.

Description. Moderately large, elongate fusiform shell of up to six teleoconch whorls; apical angle ~44–49°. Protoconch unknown. Early teleoconch whorls with prominent, broad, prosocline axial ribs, overrun by five spiral cords (strongly abraded in all available specimens), forming weak, spirally elongated tubercles. Whorl profile weakly convex with flat subsutural ramp, periphery slightly below mid-whorl. Suture weakly incised. Axial sculpture weakening abapically, restricted to abapical half of whorls. Penultimate whorl with about ten primary and secondary spiral cords. Last whorl ovate, attaining ~70% of total height, broadly convex with maximum convexity at periphery, bearing sculpture of narrow, flattened primary spiral cords with one secondary intercalated between each pair of primaries, difference between primary and secondary cords most noticeable over weakly constricted base; secondary cords may attain same strength as primaries in some specimens ( Figs 10D 1 –D 2 ); prominent rounded fasciole, separated from columellar rim by distinct chink.Aperture moderately narrowly pyriform. Columellar callus forming broad rim, sharply delimited from base in fully grown specimens. Columella weakly excavated, smooth. Columella twisted at transition to siphonal canal. Anal canal wide, indistinct. Outer lip not thickened with about 11 narrow lirae, extending deep within aperture. Siphonal canal moderately short, moderately wide, slightly recurved, deflected to the left.

Discussion. Gailleagrassor paratethyca is reminiscent of some Miocene Calagrassor species: Calagrassor hoernesi differs in its much wider last whorl, shorter spire and much less secondary spiral sculpture (see Bellardi 1873: 153, pl. 11, figs 14a–b; Brunetti & Della Bella 2016: 29, fig. 19F; Kiel et al. 2023: figs 7A–C). Calagrassor costulatus ( Bellardi, 1873) , from the Burdigalian or Langhian of the Colli Torinesi ( Italy) differs in its delicate spiral sculpture and fold-like axial ribs ( Bellardi 1873: 154, pl. 11, fig. 17). Calagrassor glomoides ( Bellardi & Michelotti, 1840) , from the Burdigalian of the Colli Torinesi ( Italy), with which this species was confused by Hörnes (1853), differs in its smaller size, stout outline, and broad axial ribs (see Ferrero Mortara et al. 1981: pl. 5, fig. 1). Calagrassor costulatus acutispira ( Sacco, 1904) ( Sacco 1904: pl. 9, fig. 31), from the Langhian of the Colli Torinesi ( Italy), differs in its much wider last whorl and strongly constricted base.

Gailleagrassor paratethyca nov. sp. and Calagrassor viciani nov. sp. can be distinguished by the sculpture of the early teleoconch whorls, which is dominated by axial ribs in Gailleagrassor paratethyca , whereas a cancellate pattern occurs in Calagrassor viciani . Moreover, Gailleagrassor paratethyca is much larger. The spiral cords are also much coarser, separated by wider interspaces in Calagrassor viciani .

We note that specimens from the early Badenian of Grund ( Austria) ( Figs 10C–D ). differ from those from the middle Badenian of the Vienna Basin, Hrušovany nad Jevišovkou ( Czech Republic) and Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) in their larger size, the less clear separation between primary and secondary spiral cords and the more inflated last whorl. These specimens might represent an additional Gailleagrassor species, but due to the very limited number of available specimens we provisionally keep them within Gailleagrassor paratethyca .

Paleoenvironment. Unknown; probably middle to outer neritic environments.

Distribution in Central Paratethys. Badenian (Middle Miocene): North Alpine-Carpathian Foreland Basin: Grund ( Austria), Hrušovany nad Jevišovkou, Ostrava ( Czech Republic) (Kittl 1897; Hoernes & Auinger 1890); Vienna Basin: Steinebrunn ( Austria) (Hoernes & Auinger 1890); Eisenstadt-Sopron Basin: Forchtenau ( Austria) (Hoernes & Auinger 1890); Bükk Mountains: Borsodbóta ( Hungary) ( Csepreghy-Meznerics 1972); Făget Basin: CoŞteiu de Sus, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) ( Kovács 2022).

Genus Calagrassor Kantor, Puillandre, Fraussen, Fedosov & Bouchet, 2013

Type species. Cantharus aldermenensis Powell, 1971 ; original designation by Kantor et al. (2013: 2189). Present-day, New Zealand.

Diagnosis. “ Shell small to medium in size (adult length from 9 to 45 mm), solid, usually rather thin. Colour white. […] Shape oval with short siphonal canal. Protoconch usually eroded, juveniles with a moderately small, naticoid protoconch, width exceeds height, consisting of ¼/4 to ½/2 smooth, convex whorls. Teleoconch whorls evenly weakly convex. Spiral sculpture dominant, usually of broad, flattened spiral cords separated by deep interspaces, narrower than or equal to cords width. Axial sculpture usually weak, pronounced on adapical spire whorls, usually absent on body whorl, ranging from broad, flattened ribs to narrow and moderately sharp ones. Aperture oval, adapically usually slightly pinched. Columella gently curved. Callus thin, narrow, formed by dissolution of sculpture and outer shell layer of preceding whorl, glossy, smooth. Outer lip usually thin, occasionally thick, edge sharp, occasionally with internal lirae or knobs. ” ( Kantor et al. 2013: 2189).

Discussion. Placement of the Paratethyan Miocene species in Calagrassor is tentative and based on the resemblance in shape and sculpture. In their generic diagnosis, Kantor et al. (2013) emphasize a protoconch of <1.5 whorls. Calagrassor viciani , however, has three protoconch whorls. Calagrassor mathiasi Kovács, Leél-Őssy & Vicián, 2023 was the first Paratethyan species, which has been placed in this genus. All other species discussed here under Calagrassor have been treated so far as Eosipho (e.g., Brunetti & Della Bella 2016; Kovács 2022). Currently, only the type species Eosipho smithi ( Schepman, 1911) [original designation by Thiele (1929: 307), present-day, Indo-West Pacific] is listed under Eosipho in MolluscaBase Eds. (2023c). This species is a stout fusiform species with moderately incised suture, prominent, close-set spiral cords and smooth inner lip (see Bouchet & Warén 1986: figs 44–46; Fraussen & Stahlschmidt 2016b: figs 132–137). Its similarity with Calagrassor viciani nov. sp. is superficial. The extant Preangeria dentata ( Schepman, 1911) , from the IWP-Region, is similar to Calagrassor viciani in overall outline and sculpture but differs in the presence of a labral tooth and the shorter and wider siphonal canal (see Vermeij 1998: fig. 1; Raven 2016: pl. 5, fig. 2).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Measurements for shell morphology; AA: apical angle, SL: shell length, MD: maximum diameter, LWH: last whorl height, AH: aperture height, AL: aperture length, AW: aperture width.

FIGURE 2. Colubraria subobscura (Hoernes & Auinger, 1884). A1–A3. NHMW 1854/0035/0170, paralectotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). B1–B2. NHMW 1859/0037/0018a, paralectotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). C1–C3. NHMW 1865/0001/0183, paralectotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). D1–D2. NHMW 1859/0037/0018b, paralectotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). E1–E3. NHMW 1874/0025/0021, lectotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). F1–F2. NHMW 2023/0338/0001, paralectotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania).

FIGURE 10. Gailleagrassor paratethyca nov. sp. A1–A2. NHMW 1865/0001/0204a, holotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). B1–B2. NHMW 1865/0001/0204b, paratype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). C1–C2. NHMW 1855/0045/0714a, paratype, Grund (Austria). D1–D2. NHMW 1855/0045/0714, paratype, Grund (Austria). E. NHMW 1861/0050/0077, paratype, Hrušovany nad Jevišovkou (Czech Republic). F. Calagrassor? sp. NHMW 2014/0379/0041, Allerding (Austria).