Glenognatha emertoni Simon, 1887

Jimmy Cabra-García & Antonio D. Brescovit, 2016, Revision and phylogenetic analysis of the orb-weaving spider genus Glenognatha Simon, 1887 (Araneae, Tetragnathidae), Zootaxa 4069 (1), pp. 1-183 : 153-158

Glenognatha emertoni Simon, 1887

( Figs. 126–129 , 137 )

Glenognatha emertoni Simon, 1887: 194 (male syntypes from Arizona, United States of America, deposited in MNHN, examined); Simon 1894: 717, figs. 790–791; Banks 1913: 180, pl. 2, fig. 22; Levi 1980: 66, figs. 255–271; Cabra-García et al. 2014: 1029, figs. 1F, 2D, 2G, 4B, 5F–G, 7E, 9C–D; World Spider Catalog 2015.

Diagnosis. Males of G. emertoni are distinguished from all other congeneric species by the presence of a mesally oriented projection located in the distal margin of the cheliceral basal segment ( Fig. 127 A ). Females resemble those of G. minuta in having an anterior cheliceral bulge ( Fig. 127F ), but differ by the reduced size of the spermathecae in relation with the uterus externus ( Figs. 129 A –C ) and the apical position of the cheliceral bulge ( Fig. 127F ).

Description. Male and female described by Levi (1980). Additional data.

Male ( USA, Arizona, AMNH). Habitus as in Figures 126 A –D . Tracheal spiracle well-sclerotized. Total length 4.25. Cephalothorax 2.07 long, 1.57 wide, 1.15 high. Abdomen 2.32 long, 1.90 wide, 1.80 high. Sternum 1.00 long, 1.00 wide. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.10, ALE 0.07, PME 0.12, PLE 0.09. AME-AME 0.1, AME- ALE 0.18, PME-PME 0.18, PME-PLE 0.19, ALE-PLE 0.01. Clypeus height 2.30. Three promarginal and four retromarginal teeth ( Figs. 127 A –C ). Leg measurements: I: femur 2.80, patella 0.75, tibia 2.92, metatarsus 2.57, tarsus 0.82, total 9.87; II: 2.67, 0.75, 2.80, 2.40, 1.12, 9.75; III: 1.65, 0.50, 1.47, 1.50, 0.72, 5.85; IV: 2.27, 0.55, 2.00, 1.90, 0.90, 7.65. Metatarsus IV with one trichobothrium. DTS 0.27. DTE 0.62. Palp as in Figures 128E–H . Embolus with a nearly 90º curved tip ( Fig. 128G ).

Female ( USA, Arizona, AMNH). Habitus as in Figures 126E–H . Tracheal spiracle well-sclerotized. Total length 5.05. Cephalothorax 2.45 long, 1.92 wide, 1.55 high. Abdomen 2.90 long, 2.35 wide, 2.30 high. Sternum 1.32 long, 1.20 wide. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.10, ALE 0.11, PME 0.13, PLE 0.10. AME-AME 0.15, AME-ALE 0.22, PME-PME 0.24, PME-PLE 0.27, ALE-PLE 0.01. Clypeus height 2.9. Three promarginal and four retromarginal teeth ( Figs. 127D–F ). Leg measurements: I: femur 3.00, patella 0.70, tibia 3.25, metatarsus 2.77, tarsus 1.30, total 11.07; II: 2.95, 0.90, 2.92, 2.50, 1.22, 10.5; III: 2.17, 0.62, 1.62, 1.65, 0.85, 6.92; IV: 2.65, 0.67, 2.17, 2.02, 0.92, 8.45. Metatarsus IV with one trichobothrium. DTS 0.37. DTE 0.62. Tracheal system as in Figures 129F–I . Spinnerets as in Figures 129J–L . Genitalia with strongly reduced spermathecae and copulatory ducts ( Figs. 129 A –E ). UE with a median projection ( Fig. 129 A ).

Variation. Male total length 3.8–5.2 (N = 6; average 4.6), cephalothorax length 1.8–2.3 (N = 6; average 2.1), femur I length 2.8–3.2 (N = 6; average 2.9). Female total length 4.0–5.1 (N = 10; average 4.5), cephalothorax length 1.8–2.6 (N = 10; average 2.1), femur I length 2.4–3.25 (N = 10; average 2.7).

Distribution. Known in Arizona and New Mexico states in United States of America ( Fig. 137 ).

Additional material examined (N = 22). UNITED STATES OF AMERICA: Arizona: Big Rock Camp., Madera Can., [31º43´N, 110º52´W], elev. [2100m], 10.ix.1941, W. Ivie leg., 1♀ ( AMNH) ; 1♀ 1♂ (AMNH); Wet Canyon For. Camp, Graham Mts. , [32º42´N, 109º52´W], elev. [2000m], 13.ix.1952, B. Malkin leg., 1♂ ( AMNH) ; Southwestern Res. Sta. , 5 miles west portal, [31º53´N, 109º12´W], elev. [1645m], 2–19.v.1956, M. Statham leg.,

2♀ 1♂ ( AMNH); 6–20.vii.1955, W. J. Gertsch leg., 3♀ ( AMNH); 3mi.w. Paradise Chiricahua Mts. , [31º55´N, 109º22´W], elev. [1989m], 9.ix.1950, W. J. Gertsch leg., 1♀ ( AMNH) ; SWRS 5 mi. W. Portal Cochise County, [31º53´N, 109º12´W], elev. [1645m], 17.vii.1964, J . A. Woods leg., 1♀ ( AMNH); Santa Rita Mts., Madera Canyon , [31º43´N, 110º52´W], elev. [1552m], 16.vii.1940, W. J. Gertsch leg., 1♀ ( AMNH); Cochise Co., Chiricahua Mts . SWRS, [31º49´N, 109º28´W], elev. [1700m], 14.vii.1966, J. Beatty leg., (under rock in dry stream), 2♀ (MCZ 64709); Madera Can. Santa Rita Mts. , 31º43´N, 110º52´W, elev. [2100m], 8.ix.1941, W. Ivie leg., 3♀ 2♂ ( MCZ 125499 ) ; 1♂ (MCZ 125500). New Mexico: Whitewater Canyon 4 mi. N. E. Glenwood Catron Co., [33º21´N, 108º3´W], elev. [2050m], 20.viii.1952, H. R. Leech & J. W. Green leg., 1♂ ( AMNH).

Figures

FIGURE 126. Glenognatha emertoni from USA (AMNH). A – D, male habitus. A, dorsal. B, lateral. C, ventral. D, frontal. E – H, female habitus. E, dorsal. F, lateral. G, ventral. H, frontal. Scale bars, 500 µm. TS: tracheal spiracle.

FIGURE 127. Glenognatha emertoni from USA (AMNH). A – C, male left chelicerae. A, anterior (arrow, cheliceral basal segment projection). B, posterior. C, mesal. D – F, female left chelicerae. D, anterior (arrow, cheliceral basal segment projection). E, posterior. F, mesal (arrow, cheliceral bulge). Scale bars, 500 µm. Prt: promarginal tooth. Ret: retromarginal tooth.

FIGURE 128. Glenognatha emertoni from USA (AMNH). A – D, male left palp, schematic. A, ventral. B, conductor, ventral. C, conductor, dorsal. D, embolus, ventral. E – H, male left palp. E, ventral. F, dorsal. G, prolateral. H, retrolateral. Scale bars, 100 µm. C: conductor. CB: cymbium. CRa: conductor retrolateral apophysis. E: embolus. ED: ejaculatory duct. EMg: embolic medial groove. P: paracymbium. T: tegulum.

FIGURE 129. Glenognatha emertoni. A – C, female genitalia. A, dorsal (arrow, median projection). B, ventral. C, lateral. D – E, spermathecae and copulatory duct. F – I, female tracheal system. F, dorsal. G, median and lateral trunks. H, median trunk distal. I, tracheal spiracle, posterior view. J, ALS. K, PMS. L, PLS. Scale bars, 100 µm (A – C, F – H), 10 µm (D – E, I – L). AC: aciniform gland spigot. AG: aggregate gland spigots. CD: copulatory duct. CY: cylindrical gland spigot. FL: flagelliform gland spigot. LSD: long-stem ducts. LT: lateral trunk. MAP: major ampullate gland spigot. mAP: minor ampullate gland spigot. MC: membranous chamber. MT: median trunk. PI: piriform gland spigots. S: spermathecae. UE: uterus externus. TAG: tracheal atrium gland.

FIGURE 137. Distribution of G. minuta, G. gouldi new species and G. emertoni.