Haematotropis octocentra ( Brölemann, 1905 )

De, Thaís M., Bueno-Villegas, Almeida Julián & Rafael, José A., 2021, Taxonomic review of the millipede genus Haematotropis Jeekel, 2000 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Aphelidesmidae, Aphelidesminae) with descriptions of thirteen new species, Zootaxa 5064 (1), pp. 1-71 : 21-24

Haematotropis octocentra ( Brölemann, 1905)

Figs 13–17 , 47E , 50

Euryurus octocentrus Brölemann, 1905: 74 , figs 5–7, 18–20.

Aphelidesmus octocentrus: Attems (1914: 208) (list); Attems (1937: 30) (key and redescription); Schubart (1945: 49) (list).

Haematotropis octocentrus: Jeekel (2000: 90) (list).

Haematotropis octocentra: Hoffman et al. (2002: 531) (list); Golovatch et al. (2004: 62) (redescription, lectotype designation).

Diagnosis. The adult males of H. octocentra differ from other Haematotropis species based on the following combination of characters: gonopod with acropodital distal region expanded, strongly curved ventrally, apical region almost reaching the LP1 ( Figs 14A–D , 16A–G ); LP1 as wide as long, with apex projected towards the lateral region of gonopod ( Figs 14A–D , 16A–G ); solenomere long and tapered with truncated apex, projected towards the LP1 ( Figs 14A, C , 16A–G ).

Material examined. Lectotype ♂, Brasil, Amazonas, Manaos Nº 3. Bicego leg. ( MZUSP 950 ).

Additional material: All specimens from Brasil: 1 ♂, Amazonas, lago Cerqueira , 14.III.1959 ( MZUSP 69919 ); 1 ♂, Amazonas, CEPRAC, BR 174 , Km 40, 24.IX.1996 ( INPA); 1 ♂, Amazonas, Parna Jaú, Seringalzinho (01º52’34’’S, 61º35’15’’W), pitfall, 1–8. VIII .2001, I. R. Ghizoni Jr. leg. ( INPA); 1 ♂, Amazonas, EMBRAPA-CPAA, rotten wood, compost, 07.VII.1999, D. Seitz leg. ( INPA 350 ); 1 ♂, Amazonas , Reserva Ducke, collected on tree trunk, 02–07. V.2017, J.A. Rafael leg., T.M. Almeida, 2018 det. ( INPA) ; 1 ♂, Amazonas, km 13, banana plantation, litter, 5.VII.1999 ( INPA 349 ); 1 ♂, same data ( INPA 351 ); 1 ♂, Amazonas , ZF-2, 03. VIII.2018, J.A. Rafael & S. Pereira leg. ( INPA); 1 ♂, Amazonas , AM 010 , km 35, Ramal Água Branca II, km 1, Sítio Vida Tropical, 04. V.2017, J.A. Rafael leg., T.M. Almeida, 2019 det. ( INPA); 1 ♂, Amazonas, Tarumã Mirim, 1981, extr. BE., ecletor de árvore ( INPA); 1 ♂, Amazonas, Presidente Figueiredo, Usina Hidrelétrica de Balbina , 01.II.1988, B.M. Mascarenhas leg. ( MPEG. MYR 125 ); 1 ♂, Amazonas , Silves , MIL Madeireira , Ramal do Caribe , km 23 (2º32’53.2’’S, 58º48’26’’W), 02. VIII.2019, J.A. Rafael & S.P. Lima leg., T.M. Almeida, 2019 det. ( INPA). 1 ♂, Roraima, Caracaraí, rio Jufari, arquipélago Mariuá , Tucano (−1.01466, −62.10514), 31. V.2012, C.A. Rheims & R.P. Indicatti et al. leg. ( UFAM); 1 ♂, Roraima, GEOMA 2 , área 1 (4°09’26.3”N, 60°07’53”W), 04.VII.2007, E.H.W. leg. ( INPA) .

Redescription.

Coloration (long preserved in 70% ethanol). Head, prozonite, metazonite and telson brown, antennomeres, sides of metazonite, paranota and legs yellowish to brownish ( Figs 13A–D , 15A–P , 17 ).

Size and form (lectotype ♂). Body length = 48 and wide = 9 mm. TL/GW = 5.3.

Head. Dorsal surface smooth and shiny, without microgranulations.

Trunk. Collum 2.9 mm long, 7.7 mm wide; dorsal surface of all rings smooth and shiny, without microgranulation; posterolateral margins strongly concave, sickle-shaped. ( Fig. 13A, B ). Rings 2–19: prozonite and metazonite smooth and shiny, without microgranulation in dorsal region of all rings. Anterolateral teeth on paranota of rings 2–4 ( Fig. 2G ). Lateral margins of ring 2 projected posteriad ( Fig. 13A, B ). Gonopodal aperture elliptical, approximately 1.6 mm wide and 0.9 mm long at midpoints. Telson ( Fig. 13D ) smooth and shiny, without microgranulations.

Legs. Smooth and shiny, without microgranulations.

Gonopods. Right gonopod structure as follows: coxa with lateral swelling at midlength ( Fig. 14A, B ); acropodite elongated, about four times as long as prefemur; median region expanded, cup-shaped in ventral view, with a concavity and cavity ( Fig. 14D ); distal region of acropodite expanded, lightly sinuous, not bifurcate, curved ventrally at an 80° angle ( Fig. 14A–D ); VP1 emarginated on posterior region, evident, exceeding the width of ventral region of acropodite, in lateral view ( Fig. 14A, C ); VP2 absent; LP1 as wide as long, projected towards the lateral region of gonopod ( Fig. 14A–D ); LP2, LP3 and DP absent. Opening of solenomere located at distal end of acropodite ( Fig. 14A, C ). Solenomere long, truncated apex, projected towards the LP1 ( Figs 14A, C , 16A–G ).

Remarks. H. octocentra is similar to H. melgacensis sp. nov. by the distal region of the acropodite expanded and size of the solenomere ( Figs 14A–D , 35A–D ). They differ in that H. octocentra has a more curved distal region and LP1 wide ( Fig. 14A–D ). H. melgacensis sp. nov. has the distal region less ventrally curved and LP1 tapering ( Fig. 35A, C ). In addition, H. melgacensis sp. nov. possesses VP2 ( Fig. 35A, C ), absent in H. octocentra ( Fig. 14A–D ).

The specimen INPA 368 was identified as H. octocentra by Golovatch et al., 2004. However, our analyses revealed the absence of strongly concave posterolateral margins projected posteriad.

Variations. This species has a large intraspecific variation in external and internal characters. The colour varies from light brown to dark brown ( Fig. 15A–P ), the paranota may be light-coloured and have asymmetrical spots in the dorsal region ( Fig. 15A, C, E, G, I, K ). Although gonopods have the same conformation, there is variation in the length of the solonomere and the width of the distal region when compared to congeners ( Fig. 16A–G ). In addition, the median region of the acropodite may bear a projection ( Fig. 16E ).

Distribution. Brazil: Amazonas, Roraima ( Fig. 50 ).

Descriptions of new species

Figures

FIGURE 2. General somatic features of Haematotropis Jeekel, 2000. A. H. jurutiensis sp. nov., non-type ♂ (MPEG), body ring 7, ventral view. B. H. jurutiensis sp. nov., non-type ♂ (MPEG), body ring 9 (highlighting the microgranulations), ventral view. C. H. jurutiensis sp. nov., non-type ♂ (MPEG), body ring 7, red arrow indicates the wrinkles close to paranota, ventral view. D. H. jurutiensis sp. nov., non-type ♂ (MPEG), body ring 8, red arrow indicates rounded projections on ventral surfaces, ventral view. E. H. jurutiensis sp. nov., non-type ♂ (MPEG), metazonite of body ring 8, red arrow indicates the microgranulations on anterior and posterior margins, dorsal view. F. H. megalcensis sp. nov. non-type ♂ (IBSP), body ring 10, red arrow indicates the microgranulations on anterior and posterior margins, ventral view. G. H. callipa, holotype ♂ (MfN), head and body rings 1–4, red arrow indicates a depression on collum or anterolateral teeth, dorsalateral view. Scale bars: 300 μm (A, E), 200 μm (C, D, F), 100 μm (B), 1 mm (G).

FIGURE 13. Somatic features of Haematotropis octocentra (Brölemann, 1905), lectotype ♂ (MZUSP). A. Head and body rings 1–4, dorsal view. B. Body rings 1–4, dorsolateral view, red lines indicate the anterolateral teeth. C. Body rings 5–7, dorsal view. D. Body rings 18–20, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 14. Right gonopod of Haematotropis octocentra (Brölemann, 1905), lectotype ♂ (MZUSP). A. Mesal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. D. Ventral view. Yellow scale indicates when VP1 exceeds the width of ventral region of acropodite. Abbreviations: Ac = acropodite; Ca = cannula; Cx = coxa; LP1 = Lateral Process 1; Pf = Prefemur; S = Solenomere; Ste = setae; VP1 = Ventral Process 1. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 15. Somatic features of Haematotropis octocentra (Brölemann, 1905) (color and shape variation), non-types ♂ (INPA, MPEG, MZUSP, UFAM), dorsal views. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 16. Right gonopods of Haematotropis octocentra (Brölemann, 1905) (shape variation), non-types ♂ (INPA, MPEG, MZUSP, UFAM), lateral views. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 17. Habitus of living Haematotropis octocentra (Brölemann, 1905). Photos: César Favacho.

FIGURE 35. Left gonopod of Haematotropis melgacensis sp. nov., holotype ♂ (IBSP). A. Mesal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. D. Ventral view. Yellow scales indicate when VP1 and VP2 exceeds the width of ventral region of acropodite. Abbreviations: Ac = acropodite; Ca = cannula; Cx = coxa; LP1 = Lateral Process 1; Pf = Prefemur; S = Solenomere; Sg = spermatic groove; Ste = setae; VP1 = Ventral Process 1; VP2 = Ventral Process 2. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 47. Gonopodal features of Haematotropis Jeekel, 2000 species. A. H. callipa (Peters, 1864), holotype (MfN), left gonopod, lateral view. B. H. bella (Attems, 1937), syntype (NHMW), right gonopod, mesal view. C. H. disjuncta Golovatch, Hoffman & Spelda, 2004, holotype (IEPA), right gonopod, lateral view. D. H. macapa Golovatch, Hoffman & Spelda, 2004, holotype (IEPA), right gonopod, lateral view. E. H. octocentra (Brölemann, 1905), lectotype (MZUSP), right gonopod, lateral view. F. H. amazonica sp. nov., holotype (MPEG), left gonopod, lateral view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 50. Distribution of Haematotropis Jeekel, 2000. Black symbol = H. octocentra (Brölemann, 1905), blue symbol = H. aurorea Jeekel, 2000, orange symbol = H. callipa (Peters, 1864), pink symbol = H. disjuncta Golovatch, Hoffman & Spelda, 2004, red symbol = H. bella (Attems, 1937), white symbol = H. macapa Golovatch, Hoffman & Spelda, 2004, yellow symbol = H. roseicornis Jeekel, 2000.