Halechiniscus chafarinensis Grimaldi

Kaczmarek, Łukasz, Bartels, Paul J., Roszkowska, Milena & Nelson, Diane R., 2015, The Zoogeography of Marine Tardigrada, Zootaxa 4037 (1), pp. 1-189 : 70-72

74. Halechiniscus chafarinensis Grimaldi de Zio & Villora-Moreno, 1995

Halechiniscus chafarinensis n. sp. (Grimaldi de Zio & Villora-Moreno 1995) Halechiniscus chafarinensis Grimaldi de Zio & Villora Moreno, 1995 (D’Addabbo Gallo et al. 2001, Grimaldi de Zio & D’Addabbo Gallo 2001)

Halechiniscus chafarinensis ( Sandulli et al. 1999)

Halechiniscus chafarinensis de Zio Grimaldi & Villora Moreno, 1995 ( Accogli et al. 2011) Terra typica: Alboran Sea ( Morocco, Africa)

Adriatic Sea:

• 42°06′N, 15°28′E [42°08′N, 15°30′E]; 5–20 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Foggia Province, between Tremiti Islands, Posidonia seagrass meadow, medium and fine sand. Grimaldi de Zio & D’Addabbo Gallo (2001)

• 42°09′00′′N, 15°30′00′′E [42°08′N, 15°31′E]; 5–38 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Foggia Province, Tremiti Islands, Caprara [Capraia] Island, Cala dei Turchi, coarse organogenic detritus. Grimaldi de Zio & D’Addabbo Gallo (2001), Grimaldi de Zio et al. (2003)

• 42°07′N, 15°31′E [42°08′N, 15°31′E]; 5–20 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Foggia Province, Tremiti Islands, San Nicola, Punta del Cimitero, coarse organogenic detritus. Grimaldi de Zio & D’Addabbo Gallo (2001), Grimaldi de Zio et al. (2003)

• 42°06′N, 15°29′E [42°07′N, 15°29′E]; 5–20 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Foggia Province, Tremiti Islands, San Domino Island, Sale Cave, coarse organogenic detritus. Grimaldi de Zio & D’Addabbo Gallo (2001), Grimaldi de Zio et al. (2003)

• 42°08′N, 15°29′E [42°07′N, 15°30′E]; 5–20 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Foggia Province, Tremiti Islands, San Domino Island, I Pagliai. coarse organogenic detritus. Grimaldi de Zio & D’Addabbo Gallo (2001), Grimaldi de Zio et al. (2003)

• 42°07′N, 15°30′E; 5–20 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Foggia Province, Tremiti Islands, San Domino Island, Cala Spino, coarse organogenic detritus. Grimaldi de Zio & D’Addabbo Gallo (2001), Grimaldi de Zio et al. (2003)

• 42°06 ′ N, 15°28′E; 3 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Foggia Province, Tremiti Islands, southern area of San Domino Island, in the proximity of Punta Zio Cesare, submarine cave Grotta delle Murene, cave’s entrance, coarse organogenic detritus. D’Addabbo Gallo et al. (2001), Grimaldi de Zio & D’Addabbo Gallo (2001)

• 42°06 ′ N, 15°28′E; 3 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Foggia Province, Tremiti Islands, southern area of San Domino Island, in the proximity of Punta Zio Cesare, submarine cave Grotta delle Murene, the middle of the cave, coarse organogenic detritus. D’Addabbo Gallo et al. (2001), Grimaldi de Zio & D’Addabbo Gallo (2001)

• 42°06 ′ N, 15°28′E; 2 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Foggia Province, Tremiti Islands, southern area of San Domino Island, in the proximity of Punta Zio Cesare, submarine cave Grotta delle Murene, the end of the cave, coarse organogenic detritus. D’Addabbo Gallo et al. (2001), Grimaldi de Zio & D’Addabbo Gallo (2001)

• 42°06′N, 15°28′E; 2–4 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Foggia Province, Tremiti Islands, San Domino Island, Punta Zio Cesare, cave Grotta delle Murene, 0–10 cm depth, 80% coarse organogenic sand, 3% silt and clay, (mean diameter = 0.125 mm). Sandulli et al. (1999), Grimaldi de Zio & D’Addabbo Gallo (2001)

• 42°06 ′ N, 15°29′E; 9 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Foggia Province, Tremiti Islands, southern area of San Domino Island, in the proximity of Punta Zio Cesare, submarine cave Grotta delle Viole, ca. 10 m from the cave’s entrance, coarse organogenic detritus. D’Addabbo Gallo et al. (2001), Grimaldi de Zio & D’Addabbo Gallo (2001)

• 42°06 ′ N, 15°29′E; 5 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Foggia Province, Tremiti Islands, southern area of San Domino Island, in the proximity of Punta Zio Cesare, submarine cave Grotta delle Viole, internal opening, coarse organogenic detritus. D’Addabbo Gallo et al. (2001), Grimaldi de Zio & D’Addabbo Gallo (2001)

• 42°06′N, 15°29′E; 5–20 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Foggia Province, Tremiti Islands, San Domino Island, Punta del Diavolo, coarse organogenic detritus. Grimaldi de Zio & D’Addabbo Gallo (2001), Grimaldi de Zio et al. (2003)

• 40 ° 34.38′N, 18 ° 0 9.49′E; 10 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Brindisi Province, Mattarelle [Torre Mattarelle], ENEL power station, coarse sand. Accogli et al. (2011)

• 40°34′34′′N, 18°02′90′′E [40°34′N, 18°03′E]; 0 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Brindisi Province, Mattarelle [Torre Mattarelle]. Grimaldi de Zio et al. (2003)

Alboran Sea:

• 35°11′N, 02°26′W; 4.5 m bsl: Type Locality: [FAO37] Morocco, Chafarinas Islands, Isable II Island [ Isla Isabel II], shallow sublittoral pool between Posidonia seagrass meadows, basaltic coarse sand. Grimaldi de Zio & Villora-Moreno (1995)

Ionian Sea:

• 40 ° 12.94′N, 17°5.07′E [40°13′N, 17°55′E]; 20 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Lecce Province, San Isidoro, medium sand. Accogli et al. (2011)

• 39 ° 51.26′N, 18°23.55′E; 20 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Lecce Province, Gagliano, coarse sand. Accogli et al. (2011)

• 39 ° 51.26′N, 18°23.55′E; 50 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Lecce Province, Gagliano, fine sand. Accogli et al. (2011)

• 39°51′20′′N, 18°23′59′′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Lecce Province, Gagliano del Capo. Grimaldi de Zio et al. (2003)

• 39 ° 50.14′N, 18°06.45′E; 20 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Lecce Province, Torre Mozza (industry for fish processing), coarse sand. Accogli et al. (2011)

Mediterranean Sea:

• 35°54′N, 14°32′E; 41 m bsl: [FAO37] Republic of Malta, SE coast of Malta, Sicily Channel, 1.75 km SE of the entrance of Grand Harbour and 1.4 km NW of the coastal settlement Xghajra, coarse organogenic detritus. Grimaldi de Zio & D’Addabbo Gallo (2001)

Record numbers (Sea/Ocean classification): Adriatic Sea: 15, Alboran Sea: 1, Ionian Sea: 5, Mediterranean Sea: 1; total: 22.

Record numbers (FAO classification): FAO37: 22; total: 22.

Remarks: This is a Mediterranean species reported mostly from the subtidal zone (to ca. 40 m bsl). Although H. chafarinensis was described from the Alboran Sea (coast of Chafarinas Islands), it was subsequently reported mainly from the Adriatic Sea in the subtidal zone and marine caves around the Tremiti Islands. It has been collected from a range of sand and detritus.