Hemidactylus Oken, 1817

Giri, Varad B. & Bauer, Aaron M., 2008, A new ground-dwelling Hemidactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Maharashtra, with a key to the Hemidactylus of India, Zootaxa 1700, pp. 21-34 : 31-33

Key to the genus Hemidactylus Oken, 1817 from India

Modified after Smith (1935). Excludes H. mahendrai , the validity of which has been questioned (see Zug et al. 2007) but does include H. karenorum , which may not actually occur within the borders of India ( Mahony & Zug, 2008).

1a. Digits narrow or moderately dilated with undivided transverse lamellae, or with only distal lamellae divided or deeply notched........................................................................................................................2

1b. All but single terminal lamellae paired....................................................................................................6

2a. All subdigital lamellae undivided ........................................................................................ anamallensis

2b. Only distal lamellae divided or notched; free distal phalanx of each digit less than half the length of its associated subdigital pad; femoral pores absent.....................................................................................3

3a. Median subcaudal scales forming a series of transversely enlarged plates; dorsal granules small, irregu- lar, intermixed with 10 to 12 longitudinal series of more or less oval strongly keeled tubercles; dorsum with quadrangular spots ................................................................................................................ gracilis

3b. Tail venter without transversely enlarged plates.....................................................................................4

4a. Original tail clearly divided into segments; dorsum with dark reticulations .......................... reticulatus

4b. Original tail not obviously segmented; dorsum without dark reticulations............................................5

5a. Dorsal granules small, intermixed with irregularly arranged, enlarged tubercles; back and tail cross- banded with light streaks; maximum SVL 36 mm .............................................................. albofasciatus

5b. Dorsal granules small, intermixed with irregularly arranged, enlarged tubercles; back with four stripes and transversely arranged spots; maximum SVL 46 mm .......................................... sataraensis sp. nov.

6a. Digits relatively narrow; scales of dorsum uniform, imbricate, slightly elongated, striated and feebly keeled ....................................................................................................................................... scabriceps

6b. Digits moderately to broadly dilated; dorsal scales not imbricate...........................................................7

7a. Dorsum with numerous, strongly keeled, enlarged tubercles arranged in more or less regular longitudi- nal series..................................................................................................................................................8

7b. Dorsal tubercles absent or, if present, rounded, smooth, or feebly keeled, not regularly arranged......14

8a. Males with precloacal pores only............................................................................................................9

8b. Males with precloacal-femoral pores.....................................................................................................10

9a. 12–14 lamellae under the fourth toe; 9–13 precloacal pores in males ......................................... persicus

9b. 10–11 lamellae under the fourth toe; 6 precloacal pores in males .................................... porbandarensis

10a. Very large (> 100 mm SVL); subdigital lamellae in straight, transverse series 9–10 lamellae under first toe; dorsal tubercles large, trihedral, arranged in ~20 fairly longitudinal series ..................... maculatus

10b. Small to moderately sized (<85 mm SVL); subdigital lamellae in oblique series; 8 or fewer lamellae under first toe........................................................................................................................................11

11a. Dorsum with enlarged trihedral dorsal tubercles; dorsal pattern with transverse markings.................12

11b. Dorsal tubercles conical, keeled, or subtrihedral; dorsal pattern of spots or blotches..........................13

12a. 7–10 lamellae under the fourth toe; 7–8 infralabials .................................................................... triedrus

12b. 12 lamellae under the fourth toe; 10 infralabials .................................................................... subtriedrus

13a. Digits distinctly webbed at base, males with 17–20 precloacal-femoral pores on each side; dorsal pat- tern of white spots on a dark background ................................................................................... prashadi

13b. Digits not webbed, males with 7–16 precloacal-femoral pores on each side; dorsal pattern of dark spots or blotches on a pale background .................................................................................................. brookii

14a. Digit I of manus half or less the length of digit II.................................................................................15

14b. Digit I of manus more than half the length of digit II............................................................................17

15a. Tail weakly depressed, without denticulate lateral edge; male with a continuous series of 26–36 preclo- acal-femoral pores; 9–10 lamellae under fourth toe ..................................................................... frenatus

15b. Tail strongly depressed, with sharply denticulated lateral edge; males (when present) with medial inter- ruption of precloacal-femoral pore series; 11–13 lamellae under fourth toe........................................16

16a. Dorsum with uniform small granules; second postmentals do not contact infralabials; all-female species ...................................................................................................................................................... garnotii

16b. Dorsum with small granules and numerous larger rounded tubercles; second postmental contact infrala- bials; males with 18–20 precloacal-femoral pores on each side ............................................. karenorum

17a. Tail and sometimes body dorsum with enlarged tubercles ....................................................................18

17b. Dorsum and tail lacking enlarged dorsal tubercles................................................................................20

18a. Dorsal scalation of small granules, intermixed with 18–20 rows of irregularly arranged enlarged tuber- cles; 11–13 lamellae under fourth toe; 15–19 femoral pores on each side in males ............... aaronbaueri

18b. Enlarged tubercles (if present), few, scattered.......................................................................................19

19a. 9–11 lamellae under the fourth toe; 10–17 femoral pores on each side ............................... leschenaultii

19b. 11–14 lamellae under the fourth toe; 5–7 femoral pores on each side ..................................... flaviviridis

20a. 13–15 lamellae under the fourth toe; 18–22 femoral pores on each side in males; SVL to 115 mm .................................................................................................................................................................... giganteus

20b. 9–11 lamellae under fourth toe; 12–15 femoral pores on each side in males; SVL to <60 mm bowringii *