Hemistola kezukai Inoue, 1978

Chang, Wei-Chun & Wu, Shipher, 2013, Review of the genus Hemistola Warren, 1893 in Taiwan with notes on an unusual conifer-feeding larva and descriptions of three new species (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Geometrinae), Zootaxa 3741 (4), pp. 538-550 : 543-544

Hemistola kezukai Inoue, 1978

( Figs 9, 10 , 25, 26 , 38 , 46 )

Hemistola kezukai Inoue, 1978 , Bull. Fac. Domest. Sci., Otsuma Wom. Univ., 14: 214, figs. 20, 24. (Type locality: Taiwan, Nantou. Holotype male, in BMNH); Chang, 1991, Illustration of moths in Taiwan (3): 106; Fu & Tzuoo, 2002, Moths of Anmashan, part I, 41, pl. 10: 21; Han & Xue, 2009, Entomol. Sci., 12(4): 394, figs 9, 41, 70, 113.; Han & Xue, 2011, Fauna Sinica, Insect Vol. 54: 409, figs 281, 602, pl. XVI: 31.

Material Examined. TAIWAN. 1 male, Miaoli County, Guanwu, 2000 m, 29–VI–2011, leg. S. Wu & W. C. Chang, slide TFRI00128530; 3 males, Nantou County, Shihshan, 2450 m, 7–VII–2011, leg. S. Wu & W. C. Chang; 1 male, Nantou County, Beidongyenshan, 2000 m, Nantou County, 5–VI–2000, leg. D. Anstine; 4 males and 1 female, Nantou County, Biluxi, 30–VI–1986, leg. Y. Q. Shen; 1 female, Hualien County, Ci’en, 1950 m, 19–VII– 2012, leg. S. Wu & W. C. Chang, slide TFRII00143001 (coll. TFRI); 2 females, Nantou County, Meifeng, 29–VII– 1984, leg. B. S. Chang (coll. NMNS)

Diagnosis. This species is externally similar to H. orbiculosa Inoue, 1978 and H. simplex Warren, 1899 , but can be distinguished by transversal lines tinged with red on veins; by the discal spot smaller, dark green rather than presenting as a white ring (variable in size) in H. orbiculosa . In male 8th abdominal sternite, it can be separated by posterior margin truncate ( Fig. 38 ) rather than with lunate incision toward anterior part in H. simplex ( Fig. 39 ) or with two lateral, sclerotized processes in H. orbiculosa ( Fig. 40 ). In genitalia, it can be distinguished by harpe strongly sclerotized with apex straight and acute rather than less sclerotized, short with apex blunt in H. simplex and strongly sclerotized with apex hook-like in H. orbiculosa ; by three spinose patched arising from vesica rather than two in H. simplex and absent in H. orbiculosa ; by lamella postvaginalis fan-shaped rather than separated as two plates in H. orbiculosa and curved band-like in H. simplex ; by corpus bursae short pear-like, strongly sclerotized rather than spindle-like and strongly wrinkled in H. simplex and short sac-like and membranous in H. orbiculosa .

Description. The male of this species was originally described by Inoue (1978) and recently redescribed by Han and Xue (2009). Chang (1991) illustrated both sexes. Here the description of female genitalia is given. Female ( Fig. 10 ) Wingspan 35–36 m (n= 4). Head: Antenna filiform, ramus slightly longer than diameter of antennal shaft. Frons and labial palpus dark reddish brown. Vertex bluish green, anterior margin white. Labial palpus slender. Thorax: Three segments of thorax bluish green. Wings:Wing ground coloration bluish green; transversal lines white, dentate with red spot on each vein; outer margin rufous; marginal scales cream white with rufous at end of each vein. Forewing apex pointed; costal margin ochreous; discal spot small, dark green. Hindwing with discal spot dark green; outer margin strongly protruded at end of M3. Abdomen: Abdomen bluish green with dorsal white spot surrounding with reddish scales at dorsal part of each segment. Female genitalia ( Fig. 46 ): Lamella postvaginalis sclerotized, especially at posterior part; ductus bursae extremely short; basal half part of corpus bursae gradually widen, sclerotized dorsally, slightly scobinated ventrally, distal half part round, membernous; appendix bursae membranous, small sac-like, arising from ventral, basal part of corpus bursae; ductus seminalis arising at end of appendix bursae.

Distribution and Bionomics. This species was originally described from Taiwan and subsequently recorded in China (Shaanxi, Gansu, Guangxi, 1100–1650m) (Han and Xue, 2009). The Taiwanese population occurs in mid elevations (ca. 1600–2400 m). The adults fly in summer, and are possibly univoltine.

Figures

FIGURE 9 – 16. Habitus of Hemistola spp. in Taiwan and Japan. 9. H. kezukai Inoue, 1978, male; 10. ditto, female; 11. H. orbiculosa, male; 12. ditto, female; 13. H. simplex Warren, 1899, male; 14. H. taiwanensis sp. nov., male, holotype; 15. H. tenuilinea (Alphéraky, 1897), male; 16. ditto, female; 9 – 14. Taiwan; 15 – 16. Japan; 10 – 12. Photo before abdomen dissected. Bar scale = 10 mm. Specimens courtesy of: TFRI (9 – 14); NSMT (15 – 16). Photo by Shipher Wu.

FIGURE 25 – 34. Male genitalia of Hemistola spp. in Taiwan and Japan. 25, 26. H. kezukai Inoue, 1978; 27, 28. H. taiwanensis sp. nov.; 29, 30. H. simplex Warren, 1899; 31, 32. H. orbiculosa Inoue, 1978; 33, 34. H. tenuilinea (Alphéraky, 1897); 25, 27, 29, 31, 33. Male genitalia without aedeagus; 26, 28, 30, 32, 34. Aedeagus 25 – 32. Taiwan; 33, 34. Japan. Specimens courtesy of: TFRI (25 – 32); NSMT (33, 34). Photo by Shipher Wu.

FIGURE 35 – 42. Male eighth abdominal sternite of Hemistola spp. in Taiwan and Japan. 35. H. piceacola sp. nov.; 36. H. fui sp. nov.; 37. H. monotola Inoue, 1983; 38. H. kezukai Inoue, 1978; 39. H. simplex Warren, 1899; 40. H. orbiculosa Inoue, 1978; 41. H. taiwanensis sp. nov.; 42. H. tenuilinea (Alphéraky, 1897). 35 – 41. Taiwan; 42. Japan. Specimens courtesy of: TFRI (35 – 41); NSMT (42). Photo by Shipher Wu.

FIGURE 43 – 49. Female genitalia of Hemistola spp. in Taiwan and Japan. 43. H. piceacola sp. nov.; 44. H. fui sp. nov.; 45. H. monotola Inoue, 1983; 46. H. kezukai Inoue, 1978; 47. H. orbiculosa Inoue, 1978; 48. H. simplex Warren, 1899; 49. H. tenuilinea (Alphéraky, 1897); 43 – 48. Taiwan; 49. Japan. Bar scale = 1 mm. Specimens courtesy of: TFRI (43 – 48); NSMT (49). Photo by Shipher Wu.