Hemistola simplex Warren, 1899

Chang, Wei-Chun & Wu, Shipher, 2013, Review of the genus Hemistola Warren, 1893 in Taiwan with notes on an unusual conifer-feeding larva and descriptions of three new species (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Geometrinae), Zootaxa 3741 (4), pp. 538-550 : 544-546

Hemistola simplex Warren, 1899

( Fig. 13 , 29, 30 , 39 , 48 )

Hemistola simplex Warren, 1899 , Novit. Zool., 6: 24. (Type locality: Formosa [ Taiwan]: North Mountains, 1500–3000 ft. Holotype female, in BMNH); Inoue, 1986, Bull. Fac. Domest. Sci., Otsuma Wom. Univ., 22: 220; Chang, 1991. Illustrations of moths in Taiwan. 104; Han & Xue, 2009, Entomol. Sci., 12(4): 407, figs 30, 60, 88, 127; Han & Xue, 2011, Fauna Sinica, Insect Vol. 54: 416, figs 288,608,848, pl. XVI: 39.

Hemistola fulvimargo Inoue, 1978 , Bull. Fac. Domest. Sci., Otsuma Wom. Univ., 14: 216, fig. 21. (Type locality: Taiwan, Nantou, Nanshanchi. Holotype male, in BMNH).

Material Examined. TAIWAN. 1 male, Taipei City, Jingmei, Sianjiyen, 50 m, 16–XI–2008, leg. S. Wu & W. C. Chang; 1 male, Nantou County, Meifeng, 2100 m, 20–VII–2011, leg. S. Wu; 1 male, same collecting locality, 12– X–2012, leg. S. Wu; 1 male, Kaohsiung County, Shanping, 25–II–1988, leg. Y. B. Fan; 1 female, Kaohsiung County, Tengchih, 1400 m, 26–VI–2004, leg. M. C. Lin, slide ESRI3623; 1 male, Ilan County, Chilan Station, 24– 25–X–2006, leg. C. S. Lin, M. L. Chan, H. H. Liang and P. H. Chan, slide NMNS5403–556; 3 females, Hualien County, Tongmen, 200 m, 11–VII–2011, leg. S. Wu & W. C. Chang; 1 male, Hualien County, Guanyuan, 13–VIII– 2012, leg. S. Wu & W. C. Chang; 4 males, Hualien County, Ci’en, leg. 28–VI–2012, leg. S. Wu & W. C. Chang; 1 male, same collecting locality, 19–VII–2012, leg. S. Wu & W. C. Chang; 1 female, same collecting locality, 13– VIII–2012, leg. S. Wu & W. C. Chang; 1 male, Hualien County, Luosao, 1100 m, 6–VI–2013, leg. S. Wu & W. C.

Chang; 1 male, Hualien County, Lushi, 13–VIII–1988, leg. Y. B. Fan; 1 male, Hualien County, Chaofeng, 19–IV– 1994, leg. Y. B. Fan; 2 males, same collecting locality, 15–IX–1994, leg. Y. B. Fan; 1 male, same collecting locality, 5–X–1994, leg. Y. B. Fan; 3 males, same collecting locality, 4–XI–1994, leg. Y. B. Fan; 1 male, Hualien County, Peipu, 19–IV–1994, leg. Y. B. Fan; 2 males, same collecting locality, 20–IV–1994, leg. S. S. Lu; 1 male, same collecting locality, 7–VI–1994, leg. S. S. Lu; 1 male, same collecting locality, 19–IV–1994, leg. Y. B. Fan leg.; 1 male, same collecting locality, 13–VII–1994, leg. S. S. Lu; 1 male, same collecting locality, 14–VII–1994, leg. Y. B. Fan; 1 male, same collecting locality, 14–IX–1994, leg. Y. B. Fan; 2 males, same collecting locality, 4– XI–1994, leg. Y. B. Fan; 1 female, Taichung County, Anmashan, 1800 m, 25–IX–2011, leg. S. Wu & W. C. Chang; 3 males, Taitung County, Songlin, 450 m, 23–VII–2011, leg. S. Wu & W. C. Chang; 4 males, Taitung County, Songlin, 450 m, 23–VII–2011, leg. S. F. Huang & L. C. Hsieh (coll. TFRI)

Diagnosis. This species is externally similar to H. kezukai and H. orbiculosa . Their comparison is given under the diagnosis of H. kezukai .

Distribution and bionomics. This species was originally described from Taiwan and recently recorded in China by Han and Xue (2009). In the Taiwanese population, the adults occur from June to September. The moth is common in secondary and primary broad-leaved forests in low to mid elevations (50 to 2100 m.).

Figures

FIGURE 9 – 16. Habitus of Hemistola spp. in Taiwan and Japan. 9. H. kezukai Inoue, 1978, male; 10. ditto, female; 11. H. orbiculosa, male; 12. ditto, female; 13. H. simplex Warren, 1899, male; 14. H. taiwanensis sp. nov., male, holotype; 15. H. tenuilinea (Alphéraky, 1897), male; 16. ditto, female; 9 – 14. Taiwan; 15 – 16. Japan; 10 – 12. Photo before abdomen dissected. Bar scale = 10 mm. Specimens courtesy of: TFRI (9 – 14); NSMT (15 – 16). Photo by Shipher Wu.

FIGURE 25 – 34. Male genitalia of Hemistola spp. in Taiwan and Japan. 25, 26. H. kezukai Inoue, 1978; 27, 28. H. taiwanensis sp. nov.; 29, 30. H. simplex Warren, 1899; 31, 32. H. orbiculosa Inoue, 1978; 33, 34. H. tenuilinea (Alphéraky, 1897); 25, 27, 29, 31, 33. Male genitalia without aedeagus; 26, 28, 30, 32, 34. Aedeagus 25 – 32. Taiwan; 33, 34. Japan. Specimens courtesy of: TFRI (25 – 32); NSMT (33, 34). Photo by Shipher Wu.

FIGURE 35 – 42. Male eighth abdominal sternite of Hemistola spp. in Taiwan and Japan. 35. H. piceacola sp. nov.; 36. H. fui sp. nov.; 37. H. monotola Inoue, 1983; 38. H. kezukai Inoue, 1978; 39. H. simplex Warren, 1899; 40. H. orbiculosa Inoue, 1978; 41. H. taiwanensis sp. nov.; 42. H. tenuilinea (Alphéraky, 1897). 35 – 41. Taiwan; 42. Japan. Specimens courtesy of: TFRI (35 – 41); NSMT (42). Photo by Shipher Wu.

FIGURE 43 – 49. Female genitalia of Hemistola spp. in Taiwan and Japan. 43. H. piceacola sp. nov.; 44. H. fui sp. nov.; 45. H. monotola Inoue, 1983; 46. H. kezukai Inoue, 1978; 47. H. orbiculosa Inoue, 1978; 48. H. simplex Warren, 1899; 49. H. tenuilinea (Alphéraky, 1897); 43 – 48. Taiwan; 49. Japan. Bar scale = 1 mm. Specimens courtesy of: TFRI (43 – 48); NSMT (49). Photo by Shipher Wu.