Heterophrynus cheiracanthus (Gervais)

Chirivi-Joya, Daniel, Moreno-González, Jairo A. & Fagua, Giovanny, 2020, Two new species of the whip-spider genus Heterophrynus (Arachnida: Amblypygi) with complementary information of four species, Zootaxa 4803 (1), pp. 1-41 : 14-19

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4803.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:2D391AAF-F105-4252-A090-34E725A05315
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B58796-B65F-FFD6-FF7E-FC84FB19755A
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Heterophrynus cheiracanthus (Gervais)
status

Treatment

Heterophrynus cheiracanthus (Gervais) View in CoL

Figures 8–10 View FIGURE 8 View FIGURE 9 View FIGURE 10 , 22 View FIGURE 22 (in part). Table 3.

Phrynus cheiracanthus Gervais, 1842: 76 ; Gervais 1844: 3–4; Butler 1873: 117, plate 6 fig. 1 (in part; see Heterophrynus cervinus Pocock View in CoL ); Butler 1879: 315.

Heterophrynus cheiracanthus (Gervais) View in CoL : Pocock 1894a: 527 (as Heterophrynus chiracanthus [sic]); Pocock 1894b: 287 (as Heterophrynus chiracanthus [sic]); Pocock, 1902: 58, plate 12figs 1, 1a (as Heterophrynus chiracanthus [sic]); Mello- Leitão 1931: 49 (as Heterophrynus chiracanthus [sic]); Weygoldt 1972: fig. 10; Weygoldt 1994: 245; Giupponi 2002: 173; Weygoldt 2002: 298; Colmenares-García & Villarreal 2008: 89; Víquez et al. 2014: 457; Armas et al., 2015: 69, 70; Armas 2015: 95; Álvarez et al. 2015: 45.

Heterophrynus pumilio (C.L. Koch) : Kraepelin 1895:39 (in part).

Admetus pumilio (C.L. Koch) : Kraepelin 1899:245–246 (in part).

Admetus cheiracanthus (Gervais) : Werner 1935: 474.

Type locality: Georgetown (as Démérara), Demerara-Mahaica, Guyana .

Examined material (3 females, 5 males, 1 juvenile): BRASIL: Mato Grosso: 40 km from Sidrolândia, near to Campo Grande , 1 June 1960, Miki, female ( MZUSP 9459 View Materials ) . Chapada dos Guimarães, Vale do Jamacá (15º28´30.3´´S; 55º41´21.7´´W): 749 masl, 6 November 2015, J. Cabra, male ( DUSP 131 ) GoogleMaps . Mato Grosso do Sul: Bonito (21° 8′ 0″ S, 56° 29′ 0″ W): Gruta João Arruja , 18 October1990, E. Trajano, male ( MZUSP 15859 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Gruta do Carneiro , 6-8 April 1998, R. Pinto-da-Rocha, S. Sessegolo, 2 females ( MZUSP 68458 View Materials ) . Goias: Santana , November 1945, F. Curado, male ( MZUSP 9450 View Materials ) . Padre Bernardo (15° 9′ 36″ S, 48° 17′ 2″ W): Gruta qualquer coisa, S. Gregeo, male juvenile ( MZUSP 68459 View Materials ) GoogleMaps . VENEZUELA: Miranda (10° 15′ 1.72″ N, 66° 25′ 37.74″ W): Quebrada de Chamburales , 20 December 2002, A. Perez, A. Giupponi, male ( MNRJ 09140 View Materials ) GoogleMaps .

Distribution: Countries: Brazil, Guyana, Venezuela. Other records from: Mello-Leitão 1931: mentioned that is recorded from central America but did not mentioned a specific locality, this record do not make sense with known distribution of Heterophrynus for which we consider it as a mistake.

Diagnosis. Heterophrynus cheiracanthus can be differentiated from other species by present the following characters together: three teeth in the ectal portion of the basal segment of the chelicerae. Seven spines in the dorsal Patella , and six in ventral Patella , P7 and PVI are conspicuous. Five long spines in the ventral femur, spine FIII is smaller than FII and longer than FV, FIV is absent. Female genitalia with gonopod sclerites short, thick and curved at the distal portion. Seminal receptacles with a square shape ( Fig. 10D View FIGURE 10 ).

Similar species: This species is similar to H. batesii but it presents a FIII longer than FII, also is similar to H. elaphus but this species does not present the spines P7 and PVI. In both cases, the female genital of H. cheiracanthus is very different ( Figs. 13D View FIGURE 13 , 20D View FIGURE 20 ). H. guacharo is the most similar species, but differs in the genital, H. guacharo presents a more elongated sclerite of the female gonopod, which rises out from a conical seminal receptacle (see Armas 2015, figs 1-2). Other similar species could be H. vesanicus which also presents five spines in the ventral femur, however, the original description does not describe the sizes of the spines, the female genital is not described either, the original diagnosis says that the spines on the tibia of the pedipalp have an equal size, which differs from H. cheiracanthus ( Mello-Leitão 1931) .

Male genital of H. cheiracanthus differs from other species by presenting a very elongated and wide LaM, longer than the Pi, and LoL1 and LoL2 together ( Fig. 10A, B, C View FIGURE 10 ).

Complementary description. Female (MZUSP 9459): Total length 21.3 mm. Carapace, opisthosoma, pedipalps, and legs have a brown coloration, with red tonalities. Measures of the female are provided in Table 3.

Carapace. Anterior margin straight without lobes, carapace surface with a widely spaced granulation, posterior margin of with a concave medial region. Lateral and anteromedial eyes clearly visible, anteromedial ocular tubercle with black coloration ( Fig. 8A View FIGURE 8 ).

Sternum. Tri-segmented, segments are well sclerotized, the area around segments is also sclerotized. Tritosternum projected anteriorly, elongated, conical, with 11 setae in the basal region, two in the medial region and two more in the apex.

The second segment (tetrasternum) rounded and with two setae on medial region. The third segment (pentasternum) rounded, smaller than the second segment, has four setae, one on each side of the apical region, one on each side of the basal region. Metasternum longitudinally divided with two setae in each segment ( Fig. 8B View FIGURE 8 ).

Abdomen. Oblong, color brown, with soft punctuations. Carapace wider than the Abdomen ( Fig. 8C View FIGURE 8 ).

Chelicera. Presents a mesal row of three teeth on the basal segment of the chelicerae with the first in the proximal region, with two cuspids, follow by one tooth shorter in the medial portion, and the third bigger than others placed in the distal region ( Fig. 8D View FIGURE 8 ). The ectal row of the basal segment of the chelicerae have three teeth, two with acuminated apex placed in the proximal and medial portions (tooth 1 and 2), and one smaller with rounded apex placed on the medial portion (tooth 3) ( Fig. 8F View FIGURE 8 ). Mobile finger of the chelicerae with four teeth.

Pedipalp. Trochanter: Prolateral face with four spines; spines Tr1 and Tr3 placed in the medial region, Tr2 placed near to ventral margin. Spines lengths: Tr2>Tr3>Tr4≥Tr1. Dorsal oblique series of 11 setal tubercles. The dorsomedial area without spines but with one tubercle ( Fig. 8E View FIGURE 8 ). Femur: Ventral face with five major spines, FIV absent. Spine lengths: FI>FII>FIII>FV>FVI ( Fig. 9A View FIGURE 9 ). Dorsal face with six major spines. Spines F1 and F2 share the same base and are clearly separated from F3. Spine lengths: F3>F4>F1=F2>F5>6 ( Fig. 9B View FIGURE 9 ). Patella: Ventral face with six major spines, PI wider than the other spines. Spine lengths: PIII>PIV>PI>PII>PV>PVI ( Fig. 9C View FIGURE 9 ). Dorsal face with seven major spines. Spine lengths: P5>P4=P3>P6>P1>P7>P2 ( Fig. 9D View FIGURE 9 ). Tibia: Ventral face with two major spines. Spine lengths: TII>TI ( Fig. 9E View FIGURE 9 ). Dorsal face with two major spines. Spine lengths: T2>T1 ( Fig. 9F View FIGURE 9 ). Tarsus-metatarsus: Internal face with the secondary line of dorsomedial bristles complete, the suture between the tarsus and the apotele is not visible. Legs. Femora brown and red. Femora lengths: I>III>II>IV ( Table 3). Leg I: Tibia with 39 segments and tarsus with 75 segments in the right leg; left leg is missed. Leg IV: Basitibia with three segments.

Basitibia-distitibia lengths: BT1>DT>BT3>BT2. Basitarsus shorter than telotarsus. Tarsus tetramerous.

Female genitalia. Genital operculum pentagonal, reaching the second segment of the opisthosoma, seminal receptacles with a square shape, joined at the medial portion, dorsal surface sclerotized at the proximal portion, with brown coloration, medial and distal portion white with some brown areas. Sclerites of the gonopod short and thick, with claw-like shape, distal portion a little curved, with rounded apex, sclerites placed parallel, shorter than the width of the seminal receptacle, sclerites cover almost the total length of the seminal receptacle ( Fig. 10D View FIGURE 10 ).

Variation. Variation in measures and segments of the basitibia IV, tibia I and tarsus I, are provided in Table 3.

Sternum. The number of setae over all segments of the sternum was variable. Pedipalp. Trochanter: line of setal tubercles vary between four and eight. Patella . Dorsal face: relative size between P4 and P3 is variable it can be almost equal. Legs. In leg I, the number of segments of the tibia vary between 33 and 39 and tarsus vary between 69 and 82. The relative sizes of the femora II, III and IV is variable. ( Table 3).

Male. Observed males have a similar size to the females ( Table 3). Spination pattern is the same as females. Genital operculum has an oval posterior margin, expanded to the third segment of the opisthosoma.

Male genitalia. (MZUSP 15859): LaM longer than Pi. LoL 1 longer than LoL 2, LoL 1 is wider, densely covered with minute projections, placed close together with the base not visible; LoL 2 is wrinkled does not present projections. In dorsal view, the LoD are elongated, rounded and do not cover LoL1 ( Fig. 10A, B, C View FIGURE 10 ).