Holconotus lioderus Tschitschérine, 1898

Fedorenko, D. N., 2022, Notes on some Abacetina (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Pterostichini), with descriptions of a new genus and new species, Russian Entomological Journal 31 (1), pp. 15-26 : 16-18

Holconotus lioderus Tschitschérine, 1898 , stat.rest.

Figs 2 , 9–10 , 11–12, 17, 21–22 , 32–34.

Tschitschérine, 1898: 453–454 (‘Siam’); Andrewes, 1930: 167 ( Fouquetius ferrugineus var.). — ferrugineus : Lorenz, 1998: 238 (part.); 2005: 259 (part.).

MATERIAL. Two syntypes, ♀♀ ( ZISP), labelled: ‘ Siam ’, ‘ lioderus m./ T. Tschitsherin Typ. ’. One of them is here designated as lectotype .

145 specimens ( SIEE) , ♂♂, ♀♀: 18 specimens, Southern Vietnam, Dong Nai Province, Cat Tien National Park , 20–26.X.2004 (D. Fedorenko) ; 127 specimens, same data, except for 11.X– 4.XII.2004 or 17.V–19.VI.2005, at light ; ♂ ( MPSU), same locality, env. Cat Tien village , 5–10.VI.1995 (A. Napolov) ; 2♀♀ ( MPSU), Northern Vietnam, 160 km NNW of Hanoi, env. Na Hang , 26.V– 14.IV.1996 (A. Napolov) .

DIAGNOSIS. The Oriental species distinctive from H. ferrugineus in having the body slenderer and the pronotum impunctate (vs. punctate) between the basal sulci and the lateral margins. Besides, the profemur is strongly ventrally dentate (vs. edentate), with posterior medioventral seta lost, in male (vs. the three posterior setae present, including basal and apical ones, in males of the other three species examined).

REDESCRIPTION. BL 3.7–4.5 mm. Body ( Fig. 2 ) shiny red, without dorsal microsculpture other than sparse microscopic punctures over head and almost imperceptible, extremely short pilosity at pronotal apical angles and at humeri. Labrum dull from coarse meshed microsculpture, more or less isodiametric along middle and slightly longitudinal on each side. Antennomeres 1–3 sparsely setulose, pedicel with some longer setules near apex.

Head; frontal sulci very angulate, parallel and deep anteriorly, with about two very coarse and dense to confluent punctures at bottom, strongly abruptly diverging and increasingly shallow behind, with a few finer punctures, obliterate just at anterior supra-ocular seta. Labrum with rounded angles, apical margin truncate, subsinuate at middle. Antennae long, surpassing pronotal base by apical two segments.

Pronotum quadrate, slightly cordate, two fifths wider than long, PW/PL 1.38–1.43 (1.41, n=5), three fourths wider than head, PW/HW 1.70–1.77 (1.74), broadest before middle, PLw/PL 0.51–0.59 (0.55), with apical angles large and porrect. Sides sinuate in front of nearly right and sharp basal angles. Base almost two fifths wider than apex, PB/PA 1.35– 1.44 (1.37); basal sulci a third as long as pronotum, deep, slightly curved, with convexity inward, almost reaching base, conspicuously converging apicad, crenulate or minutely punctate at bottom. Apical bead extremely fine, obliterate in middle third, almost imperceptible on sides. Lateral bead entire and fine, lateral groove finely yet distinctly punctate. Basal bead very fine, obliterate just medially and often also at basal angles. Median line fine, more or less distinct, obliterate basally and apically.

Elytra half longer than wide, EL/EW 1.52–1.53 (1.52), EW/ PW 1.21–1.24 (1.22), parallel-sided. Humeri distinct, with a minute tooth which is distinct in posteromesal view; basal ridge nearly transverse, humeral angle obtuse. Striae deep, finely and densely punctate, obliterate at bases, deeper toward lateral margin and still more so apically; stria 7 obliterate in basal 1/3–1/4, with two proximate apical setae, posterior one small and often imperceptible. Intervals almost flat on disc, convex laterally, very so in apical third. USS: anterior group and posterior group widely separated; US 9 and US 10 arranged in a transverse row, adjoining stria 8 or 9, respectively.

Ventral side: metaventrite except along middle, metapleura and entire abdomen moderately and very densely punctate, mesoventrite laterally and mesopleura finely and densely rugulose and punctate, sides of prosternum finely punctate. Abdominal sternites V–VII conspicuously crenate along bases; urite VIII as in Figs 29–30 .

Legs minutely setulose, tibiae and tarsi more distinctly so. Metafemur bisetose. Mesotibia with two, rather small, anterolateral spiniform setae, of which distal is distant from posterolateral seta, inner setal brush consisting of multiple (about a dozen), nearly unspecialized setae of increasing length; metatibia externally asetose. Legs sexually dimorphic, conspicuously modified in male so that profemur a third from base has a strong ventral tooth ( Figs 9–10 ) and mesotibia is tuberculate along inner margin. Protarsomeres 1–3 distinctly dilated in male.

Aedeagus ( Figs 11–12, 17, 21–22 ): median lobe strongly geniculate in lateral view, i.e., abruptly curved two fifths from base, angle between basal and apical parts being slightly acute; dorsal side totally membranous in apical three fifths; apex lamellate in lateral view, large obtrapezoidal in ventral view. Internal sac with two sclerotized regions in middle third.

Female pregenital segment, genitalia and reproductive tract as in Figs 32–34 : urite IX ventrally membranous and glabrous, except for a crescent paramedian sclerite which bears a row of dense setae along apical margin; laterotergite apically slender, quadrate and sparsely setulose; gonosubcoxite apically glabrous, gonocoxite robust, shorter than gonosubcoxite, with a very strong ensiform ventral seta near base, no dorsal setae.

GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION. Widespread in Indochina: Thailand, Cambodia, southern Vietnam.

HABITATS AND HABITS. Of altogether 145 adult specimens examined from the Cat Tien National Park, eight were taken at light, at the edge of a lowland semideciduous monsoon forest, in the early wet season (17.V–19.VI.2005), and the rest in the early dry season (11.X–4.XII.2004), including 119 specimens at a similarly positioned light and 18 specimens hand collected in the forest, in bark crevices or from under slightly exfoliated bark scales of living trees, at 0.5–2 m above ground.

COMMENTS. Tschitschérine[1898] described H.lioderus as distinctive from another similar species, H. ferrugineus , known that time from Indochina chiefly in having the body slenderer and the pronotum smooth (vs. distinctly punctate) between the basal sulcus and lateral margin. Andrewes [1930] reported the two taxa from Thailand, Cambodia and southern Vietnam (as Cochin-China) and recognized H. lioderus as a variety only . Based probably on this fact Lorenz [1998; 2005] listed H. lioderus among two synonyms of H. ferrugineus .

The elytral striae were found to join one another preapically in a different manner. Out of 14 specimens (i.e., 28 elytra) examined from a local population, most had striae 7, 6 and 5 confluent apically in succession, with the intervals 8 and 5+3 reaching the apex, and the others had intervals 6 and 8 (25%) or 7 and 8 (14%) confluent on one or both elytra, resulting in stria 7 abruptly obliterated before apex. Primary pattern defined by the intervals 7, 5 and 3 confluent apically in succession was observed in ca. 11% of the cases, stria 5 otherwise reaching apex.

Figures

Figs 1–5. Dorsal habitus: 1 — Holconotus gigas, lectotype; 2 — H. lioderus, lectotype; 3 — H. ferrugineus, ♂ from Yangon; 4 — H. elongatus sp.n., holotype; 5 — H. sinuatus, holotype. Рис. 1–5. Габитус дорЗально: 1 — Holconotus gigas, лектотип; 2 — Holconotus lioderus, лектотип; 3 — H. ferrugineus, ♂ иЗ Янгона; 4 — H. elongatus sp.n., голотип; 5 — H. sinuatus, голотип.

Figs 6–10. Right profemur, frontal view: 6 — Holconotus elongatus sp.n.; 7 — H. sinuatus, holotype; 8 — H. ferrugineus; 9– 10 — H. lioderus; 6–8, 10 — ♂♂; 9 — ♀. Рис. 6–10. Правое бедро, фронтально: 6 — Holconotus elongatus sp.n.; 7 — H. sinuatus, голотип; 8 — H. ferrugineus; 9–10 — H. lioderus; 6–8, 10 — ♂♂; 9 — ♀.

Figs 11–28. Aedeagus: 11–12, 17, 21–22 — Holconotus lioderus; 13–14, 18, 23–24 — H. sinuatus, holotype; 15–16, 19, 25–26 — H. elongatus sp.n.; 20, 27–28 — H. ferrugineus, ♂ from Yangon; 11–20 — median lobe; 21, 23, 25, 27 — right paramere; 22, 24, 26, 28 — left paramere; 11, 13, 15, 21, 23, 25, 27 — left aspect; 12, 14, 16, 22, 24, 26, 28 — right aspect; 17–20 — ventral aspect. Scale bar: 1 mm. Рис. 11–28. Эдеагус: 11–12, 17, 21–22 — Holconotus lioderus; 13–14, 18, 23–24 — H. sinuatus, голотип; 15–16, 19, 25–26 — H. elongatus sp.n.; 20, 27–28 — H. ferrugineus, ♂ иЗ Янгона; 11–20 — среднЯЯ долЯ; 21, 23, 25, 27 — праваЯ парамера; 22, 24, 26, 28 — леваЯ парамера; 11, 13, 15, 21, 23, 25, 27 — слева; 12, 14, 16, 22, 24, 26, 28 — справа; 17–20 — вентрально. Масштаб: 1 мм.

Figs 29–37. Urites VIII and IX in female: 29–31 — Tiferonia trapezicollis sp.n.; 32–34 — Holconotus lioderus; 35–37 — Holcoferonia crassimargo; 29 — urite IX and reproductive tract; 30, 33, 36 — sternite VIII; 31, 34, 37 — tergite VIII; 32, 35 — urite IX; bc — bursa copulatrix; ov — common oviduct; sp — spermatheca; vs — ventral sclerite. Scale bar: 1 mm. Рис. 29–37. Уриты VIII и IX самки: 29–31 — Tiferonia trapezicollis sp.n.; 32–34 — Holconotus lioderus; 35–37 — Holcoferonia crassimargo; 29 — урит IX и репродуктивный тракт; 30, 33, 36 — 36 — стернит VIII; 31, 34, 37 — тергит VIII; 32, 35 — урит IX; bc — копулЯтивнаЯ сумка; ov — непарный Яйцевод; sp — сперматека; vs — вентральный склерит. Масштаб: 1 мм.