Mastinocerinae

Zaragoza-Caballero, Santiago & Zurita-García, Martín Leonel, 2015, A preliminary study on the phylogeny of the family Phengodidae (Insecta: Coleoptera), Zootaxa 3947 (4), pp. 527-542 : 539-540

Subfamily Mastinocerinae

Due to the placement of the Phengodinae , which is nested into different groups in the clade that compressing the genera of the Mastinocerinae , these subfamilies were recovered as non-monophyletic. The close relationship of Phengodinae with a group of genera of Mastinocerinae has not been previously suggested.

The position of Cenophengus as sister group to the remaining mastinocerines and phengodines is need to be corroborated with an analysis that take a major sample of species and their monophyly has to be put to test. This genus has great plasticity, with their species displaying high variation in characters such as diameter of eyes, length and shape of antennae, elytral length and hind wing with elateroid venation or reduced and configuration of the radial cell. The 12-segmented antenna is common in the other genera, except 10 antennomeres in Decamastinocerus , and 11 antennomeres in Euryopa , Steneuryopa and Euryognathus species. The cylindrical or foliaceous shape of the antennal rami is shared with all genera (except the penicillophorines). Cenophengus species have two tentorial pits as Distremocephalus , Mastinocerus , Mastinowittmerus and Paraphrixotrix. Cenophengus and half of the remaining genera have labial palps with 2 palpomeres. The reduced antennal distance is shared only with Howdenia and Mastinomorphus . The tarsi without spines character is shared with Steneuryopa , Neophengus, Stenophixotrhix , Paraptorthodius , Spangleriella species and those of the genera of Phengodinae .