Julus khostensis, Evsyukov & Golovatch & Reip, 2018

Evsyukov, Aleksandr, Golovatch, Sergei & Reip, Hans S., 2018, The millipede genus Julus Linnaeus, 1758 in the Caucasus (Diplopoda: Julida: Julidae), Zootaxa 4461 (1), pp. 89-117 : 112-114

Julus khostensis sp. n.

Figs 1H , 2I , 3T , 7D , 13D–E , 15H , 16I , Map 2

Material examined. Holotype male (ZMUM), Russia, Krasnodar Prov., Khosta, Taxus and Buxus grove, Cave Tisovaya I, 27.IX.1985, leg. N. Myuge.

Diagnosis. The promere is similar to that in J. kubanus , but the processes on male leg-pair 2 resemble those of J. lindholmi and J. jedryczkowskii . Differs clearly from all congeners by the structure of the flagellum on the promere and the conformation of the opisthomere. Coxa (cx) of male leg-pair 1 with a large lateral outgrowth ( Fig. 3T ). Male leg-pair 2 ( Fig. 7D ) with two pairs of coxal processes. Gonopodal promere (pr) narrow, with a thin lamella (la) ( Fig. 13D ). Each flagellum (fl) with a lamina in apical part. Mesomere (ms) rounded, opisthomere (op) bifurcate ( Fig. 13E ). Striations on metazonae regular and parallel to one another ( Fig. 16I ).

Derivatio nominis. To emphasize Khosta, Greater Sochi, a city near the terra typica; adjective.

Description. Length 29 mm, width 1.8 mm. Body segment formula 45+1+T. Body marbled greyish, venter lighter; antennae and anal valves greyish brown; legs yellow; eyes black.

MAP 2. Distribution of Julus species: J. kubanus Verhoeff, 1921 (green circle), J. subalpinus Lohmander, 1936 (red square), J. dagestanus sp. n. (blue triangle), J. khostensis sp. n. (purple star).

Eye patches subtriangular, each composed of ca 40 ocelli. Epicranial setae 1+1, supralabral setae 2+2, labral setae 10+10. Genae unmodified. Antennae short and slender, in situ reaching back to body segment 3. Antennomeres 5 and 6 each with a distal corolla of sensory bacilliform sensilla ( Fig. 1H ).

Lamellae linguales bare (artifact or abnormality?). A paramedian pair of pronounced swellings with a row of ca 12 setae per swelling parabasally, below mentum ( Fig. 2I ).

Body subcylindrical and slender. Suture dividing pro- and metazonae distinctly constricting both. Prozonae smooth, without striae. Metazonae with striations reaching the hind margin, ca 10 striae per about dorsal quarter of metazonital surface, i.e. between axial line and ozopore. Striae on metazonae regular and parallel to one another ( Fig. 16I ). A whorl of sparse, thin, short setae at hind edge of metazonae, setae gradually growing denser and somewhat longer towards telson. Telson with sparse long setae on epiproct, the latter carrying a small apical clawshaped projection directed caudad. Anal valves convex, densely setose.

MALE. Pregonopodal legs more incrassate than postgonopodal ones. Segments 6 and 7 wider than others. Ventral edge of segment 7 with small curved lamellae bordering the gonopodal aperture ( Fig. 15H ). Suture between coxa (cx) and a 1-segmented telopodite remnant (te) well-developed; cx with a large lateral outgrowth; te with a group of thin setae ( Fig. 3T ). Leg-pair 2 ( Fig. 7D ) with two pairs of coxal processes. Anterolateral process (alp) relatively long and slender. Main one (mp) short and slender.

All three parts of each gonopod ( Fig. 13E ) forming a tight block. Promere (pr) longer than opisthomere (op), flagella (fl) well-developed; fl with a lamina in apical part; pr narrow, with a thin lamella (la) ( Fig. 13D ); mesomere (ms) rounded; op and lateral outgrowth (lo) pointed at apex ( Fig. 13E ).

FEMALE. Unknown.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Antennae in Caucasian species of Julus, lateral views. A: J. alexandrae Evsyukov, 2016. B: J. colchicus Lohmander, 1936. C: J. jedryczkowskii Golovatch, 1981. D: J. kubanus Verhoeff, 1921. E: J. lignaui Verhoeff, 1910. F: J. lindholmi Lohmander, 1936. G: J. dagestanus sp. n. H: J. khostensis sp. n. Scale bar: 0.3 mm.

FIGURE 2. Gnathochilaria in Caucasian species of Julus, ventral views. A: J. alexandrae Evsyukov, 2016. B: J. colchicus Lohmander, 1936. C: J. jedryczkowskii Golovatch, 1981. D: J. kubanus Verhoeff, 1921. E: J. lignaui Verhoeff, 1910. F: J. lindholmi Lohmander, 1936. G: J. subalpinus Lohmander, 1936. H: J. dagestanus sp. n. I: J. khostensis sp. n. Scale bars: 0.3 mm.

FIGURE 3. Male legs 1 in Julus alexandrae Evsyukov, 2016 (A), J. colchicus Lohmander, 1936 (B–D), J. jedryczkowskii Golovatch, 1981 (E–F), J. kubanus Verhoeff, 1921 (G–I), J. lignaui Verhoeff, 1910 (J–M), J. lindholmi Lohmander, 1936 (N– P), J. subalpinus Lohmander, 1936 (Q–R), J. dagestanus sp. n. (S) and J. khostensis sp. n. (T). A: from the Rostov-on-Don Region. B: from Krasnaya Polyana, Krasnodar Province. C: from Sakhrai, Adygea Republic. D: syntype from Gagry, Abkhazia, after Lohmander (1936). E: from North Ossetia. F: paratype from North Ossetia, after Golovatch (1981). G: from Maikop, Adygea Republic. H: from Pskhu, Abkhazia. I: from Aksaut, Karachaevo-Cherkessia, after Lohmander (1936). J: from Krasnaya Polyana, Krasnodar Province. K: from Teberda, Karachaevo-Cherkessia. L: from Mestia, Svanetia, Georgia. M: from Teberda, Karachaevo-Cherkessia. N: from Svanetia, Georgia. O: from near Teberda, Karachaevo-Cherkessia. P: holotype from Olginskoe, Abkhazia, after Lohmander (1936). Q: from North Ossetia. R: syntype from Mount Djuga, Krasnodar Province, after Lohmander (1936). S: holotype from Dagestan. T: holotype from Khosta, Krasnodar Province. Oral views B–O; caudal views A, P. Abbreviations: cx, coxa; te, telopodite remnant. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A–C, E, G, H, J–O, Q, S, T), 0.2 mm (F), not to scale (D, I, P, R).

FIGURE 7. Male legs 2 in Julus subalpinus Lohmander, 1936 (A–B), J. dagestanus sp. n. (C) and J. khostensis sp. n. (D). A: from North Ossetia. B: syntype from Mount Djuga, Krasnodar Province, after Lohmander (1936). C: holotype from Dagestan. D: holotype from Khosta, Krasnodar Province. Oral views A, C, D; lateral view B. Abbreviations: alp, anterolateral process of coxa 2; mp, main process of coxa 2; p, penes. Scale bars: 0.3 mm.

FIGURE 13. Male gonopods in Julus dagestanus sp. n. (A–C holotype from Dagestan) and J. khostensis sp. n. (D–E holotype from Khosta, Krasnodar Province). A: promere with flagellum, mesal view. B: promere, caudal view. C: left gonopods, lateral view. D: promere with flagella, caudal view. E: right gonopods, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.3 mm. Abbreviations: fl, flagellum; la, lamella on promere; la1 and la2, lamella 1 and lamella 2 on promere; lo, lateral outgrowth of opisthomere; ms, mesomere; op, opisthomere; pr, promere.

FIGURE 15. Ventral edge of male segments 7 in Caucasian species of Julus. A: J. alexandrae Evsyukov, 2016. B: J. colchicus Lohmander, 1936 C: J. jedryczkowskii Golovatch, 1981. D: J. kubanus Verhoeff, 1921. E: J. lignaui Verhoeff, 1910. F: J. lindholmi Lohmander, 1936. G: J. subalpinus Lohmander, 1936. H: J. khostensis sp. n. Scale bars: 0.3 mm.

FIGURE 16. Striation on metazonites in Caucasian species of Julus. A: J. alexandrae Evsyukov, 2016. B: J. colchicus Lohmander, 1936. C: J. jedryczkowskii Golovatch, 1981. D: J. kubanus Verhoeff, 1921. E: J. lignaui Verhoeff, 1910. F: J. lindholmi Lohmander, 1936. G: J. subalpinus Lohmander, 1936. H: J. dagestanus sp. n. I: J. khostensis sp. n. Pictures taken not to scale.