Lucilia bufonivora

Tantawi, Tarek I. & Whitworth, Terry, 2014, First record of Lucilia bufonivora Moniez, 1876 (Diptera: Calliphoridae) from North America and key to North American species of the L. bufonivora species group, Zootaxa 3881 (2), pp. 101-124 : 104-105

Key to North American species of the Lucilia bufonivora species group

The following key is detailed and functions also as a diagnosis for each species. More detailed descriptions of L. silvarum and L. elongata were given by Hall (1948) and a more detailed description of L. bufonivora was given by Rognes (1991).The three species can be separated from other North American species of Lucilia by the following combination of character states: 1) brown or black clavate palpus (vs. yellow or orange palpus in L. sericata , L. cuprina , L. thatuna , L. coeruleiviridis Macquart, 1855 , L. cluvia ( Walker, 1849) , L. mexicana Macquart, 1844 , L. eximia ( Wiedemann, 1819) and L. illustris (Meigen, 1826)) ; 2) length of head at level of lunule more than half height of head (a state shared also by L. magnicornis ( Siebke, 1863) , L. thatuna and some L. sericata ; in L. cuprina , some L. sericata , L. coeruleiviridis , L. cluvia , L. mexicana and L. eximia , head length at level of lunule less than half head height); 3) first flagellomere less than half eye length in profile and arista normal, with hairs erect and longer than width of first flagellomere (in L. magnicornis , first flagellomere longer, more than half eye length in profile and arista with short setae, usually much shorter than width of first flagellomere); 4) T3 with one or two pairs of long, erect median marginal setae (a state shared by L. magnicornis and males of L. thatuna ; in other North American Lucilia species, median marginals not strong or erect); 5) basicosta dark brown or black ( L. sericata , L. cuprina , L. thatuna , L. coeruleiviridis and L. cluvia have yellow basicosta); 6) subcostal sclerite pubescent (a state shared by all other North American Lucilia species except L. illustris which has a setose subcostal sclerite) ( Hall 1948; Shewell 1987; Rognes 1991; Whitworth 2006); and 7) aedeagus of L. bufonivora type ( Rognes 1991, for L. bufonivora and L. silvarum ; this study, for the three species). Male and female head, presutural area of the notum, male abdominal sternites, and the terminalia of both sexes of L. silvarum , L. bufonivora , and L. elongata are shown in Figs 1–6 , 9–14 , 16–48.

1. Distance between rearmost presutural acrostichal setae equal to (in most specimens examined) ( Fig. 9 ) or slightly less than distance between rearmost presutural acrostichal and dorsocentral setae in rear row; usually with three postsutural acrostichal setae on each side; upper calypter pale and lower calypter tan in male, upper and lower calypters pale in female. Male: Frons, at narrowest, 0.07 (0.06–0.09/8) of head width ( Fig. 1 ); discal setae on T5 only; ST5 normal ( Fig. 12 ); cercus with apical hook in profile, surstylus long and slender with apical half evenly tapering in profile ( Fig. 16 ). Female: Frons, at narrowest, 0.33 (0.32–0.37/8) of head width and about as wide as eye when seen from above, frontal vitta widened towards vertex ( Fig. 2 ); T7 almost completely divided; cercus normal in shape (lobate); epiproct without microtrichia ( Fig. 40 ); ST7 narrow apically; ST8 long and rectangular in shape ( Fig. 41 )....................................................... .. Lucilia silvarum

- Distance between rearmost presutural acrostichal setae distinctly less than (in most specimens examined) ( Figs 10, 11 ) or almost equal to distance between presutural acrostichal and dorsocentral setae in rear row; number of postsutural acrostichal

setae variable (2–3); upper and lower calypters pale in both sexes (in a few male specimens, lower calypter with a small tan area close to inner edge). Male: Frons 0.09–0.16 of head width ( Figs 3, 5 ); discal setae, in addition to T5, usually present on T3 and T4 (as in L. bufonivora ) or on T4 only (as in L. elongata ); ST5 normal or prominent (larger and longer); cercus without apical hook, surstylus broad and apically blunt ( Figs 21 , 26 ). Female: Frons 0.30–0.37 of head width ( Figs 4, 6 ); T7 completely divided; cercus normal (lobate) or elongate; epiproct without or without microtrichia ( Figs 42 , 44 ); ST7 not as above; ST8 small and shaped as in ST7 or its distal part almost a circle ( Figs 43 , 45 )..........................................2 2. Male: Frons 0.094 (0.09–0.10/7) of head width ( Fig. 3 ); abdomen normal, not conspicuously elongated; T3 (see comments below) and T4 usually with 1–5 strong discal setae; ST5 normal, shorter than T5 ( Fig. 13 ); surstylus parallel-sided in profile with a blunt tip ( Fig. 21 ). Female: Frons narrower, at narrowest, 0.30 (0.30–0.31/7) of head width and narrower than eye when seen from above, frontal vitta parallel-sided ( Fig. 4 ); cercus elongate (narrow); epiproct with microtrichia ( Fig. 42 ); ST7 shaped distally as broad semi-circle; ST8 with distal part shaped as a semi-circle ( Fig. 43 )............ Lucilia bufonivora

- Male: Frons wider, at narrowest, 0.13 (0.12–0.16/11) of head width ( Fig. 5 ); abdomen distinctly elongated; T3 without discal setae; T4 with discal setae in some specimens; ST5 larger and as long as T5 ( Fig. 14 ); surstylus with a straight upper edge and a lower rounded edge, tip slightly upturned in profile ( Fig. 26 ). Female: frons wider, at narrowest, 0.35 (0.32–0.37/6) of head width and about as wide as eye when seen from above, frontal vitta widened towards vertex ( Fig. 6 ); cercus normal (lobate); epiproct without microtrichia ( Fig. 44 ); ST7 distally constricted then dilated with a median process; ST8 with distal part almost a circle ( Fig. 45 )........................................................................ .. Lucilia elongata

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 6. Head, anterior view. 1 – 2. Lucilia silvarum. 1. Male. 2. Female. 3 – 4. L. bufonivora. 3. Male. 4. Female. 5 – 6. L. elongata. 5. Male. 6. Female.

FIGURES 7 – 11. 7 – 8. Head, anterior view, Lucilia thatuna. 7. Male. 8. Female. 9 – 11. Setae on presutural area of notum. 9. Lucilia silvarum. 10. L. bufonivora. 11. L. elongata. Abbreviations: ac = acrostichal seta, dc = dorsocentral seta.

FIGURES 12 – 15. Male abdominal sternites, ventral view. 12. Lucilia silvarum. 13. L. bufonivora. 14. L. elongata. 15. L. thatuna. Abbreviations: ST = abdominal sternite.

FIGURES 16 – 20. Lucilia silvarum. Male terminalia. 16. Lateral view. 17. Posterior view. 18. Aedeagus, lateral view. 19. Tip of paraphallus, lateral view. 20. Distiphallus, dorsal view. Abbreviations: acroph = acrophallus, basiph = basiphallus, epiph = epiphallus, hypoph lb = hypophallic lobe, lt dt = lateral duct, mesohypoph = mesohypophallus, paraph = paraphallus, v pl = ventral plate.

FIGURES 21 – 25. Lucilia bufonivora. Male terminalia. 21. Lateral view. 22. Posterior view. 23. Aedeagus, lateral view. 24. Tip of paraphallus, lateral view. 25. Distiphallus, dorsal view.

FIGURES 26 – 30. Lucilia elongata. Male terminalia. 26. Lateral view. 27. Posterior view. 28. Aedeagus, lateral view. 29. Tip of paraphallus, lateral view. 30. Distiphallus, dorsal view.

FIGURES 31 – 39. Male terminalia. 31 – 33. Pre- and postgonites. 31. Lucilia silvarum. 32. L. bufonivora. 33. L. elongata. 34 – 36. Bacilliform sclerites. 34. L. silvarum. 35. L. bufonivora. 36. L. elongata. 37 – 39. Ejaculatory sclerite. 37. L. silvarum. 38. L. bufonivora. 39. L. elongata. Abbreviations: pgt = postgonite, pregt = pregonite.

FIGURES 40 – 43. Ovipositor. 40 – 41. Lucilia silvarum. 40. Dorsal view. 41. Ventral view. 42 – 43. L. bufonivora. 42. Dorsal view. 43. Ventral view. Abbreviations: cerc = cercus, epiprct = epiproct, hyprct = hypoproct, ST = abdominal sternite, T = abdominal tergite.

FIGURES 44 – 48. Female terminalia. 44 – 45. Ovipositor of Lucilia elongata. 44. Dorsal view. 45. Ventral view. 46 – 48. Spermathecae. 46. L. silvarum. 47. L. bufonivora. 48. L. elongata.