Bembecia (Opacosphecia) eversmanni O. Gorbunov, 2024

Gorbunov, O. G., 2024, A new species of the genus Bembecia Hübner, 1819 (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) from the Volga region, Russian Entomological Journal 33 (3), pp. 387-396 : 388-395

publication ID

https://doi.org/10.15298/rusentj.33.3.11

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A48798-FFB8-AC01-FCFA-3280FC08F786

treatment provided by

Felipe

scientific name

Bembecia (Opacosphecia) eversmanni O. Gorbunov
status

sp. nov.

Bembecia (Opacosphecia) eversmanni O. Gorbunov View in CoL , sp.n.

Figs 1–12 View Figs 1–6 View Figs 7–12 , 25–31 View Figs 25–30 View Fig .

MATERIAL. Holotype ♂ ( Figs 1–2 View Figs 1–6 ) with labels: “ Russia, Volgograd Region, / Filonovskaya , / 50°34' N, 042°45' E, / 24.V.1999, ex l., / O. Gorbunov leg.”; “Host plant: / Astragalus varius / ( Fabaceae ) / Moth emerged 30.VI.1999 ”; “ SESIIDAE / Pictures Nos / 0443–0444-2019 / Photo by O. Gorbunov ”; “ HOLOTYPUS ♂ / Bembecia eversmanni / O. Gorbunov, 2024 / O. Gorbunov des., 2018”. GoogleMaps

Paratypes (58 ♂♂, 15 ♀♀): 1 ♀, Russia, Ul’yanovsk region, 160 km S of Ul’yanovsk, Ryabina, 13.VII.1993, V. Zolotukhin leg. (paratype of Bembecia volgensis O. Gorbunov, 1994 ); 1 ♂, Volgograd region, Kremenskaya, 49°28.30' N, 043°29.20' E, 11.VII.1996, O. Gorbunov leg. with genitalia preparation No OG-062-1996; 30 ♂♂, Russia, Volgograd region, 5 km SW of Sirotinskaya, 12–13.VIII.1996, O. Gorbunov leg., 2 ♂♂ with genitalia preparation Nos OG-056-1996 and OG-064-1996; 4 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, Volgograd region, Kamennyi Brod, 49°47.40' N, 044°25' E, 14.VIII.1996, O. Gorbunov leg., 1 ♂ with genitalia preparation No OG-055-1996 ( Sesiidae pictures Nos 0147–0148-2013, 0417–0420-2019; 1 ♀, Astrakhan' region, Baskunchak, Bogdo Mt., 48°07.037' N, 046°56.979' E, – 3 m, 1–2. V.1997, ex l., O. Gorbunov leg., bred from roots of Astragalus vulpinus ( Fabaceae ). Moths emerged 8.VII.1997 ( Sesiidae pictures Nos 0433–0434-2019); 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀, Ul’yanovsk region, 4 km E of Ryabina, 52°55' N, 048°21' E, 21. V.1998, ex l., O. Gorbunov leg., bred from roots of Astragalus rupifragus ( Fabaceae ). Moths emerged 30. VI and 7.VII.1998 ( Sesiidae pictures Nos 0435–0440-2019); 9 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀, same locality, 9. VI.1998, ex l., O. Gorbunov leg., bred from roots of Astragalus zingeri ( Fabaceae ). Moths emerged 1–25.VII.1998. 1 ♂ with genitalia preparation No OG-011-1998, 1 ♀ with genitalia preparation No OG-010-1998 ( Sesiidae pictures Nos 0447–0450-2019, 0453–0468-2019); 3 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, same locality as the holotype, 24. V.1999, ex l., O. Gorbunov leg., bred from roots of Astragalus varius ( Fabaceae ). Moths emerged 26. VI –13.VII.1999, 1 ♂ with genitalia preparation No OG-007-1999, 1 ♀ with genitalia preparation No OG-006-1999 ( Sesiidae pictures Nos 0427–0430- 2019, 0441–0442-2019, 0445–0446-2019); 1 ♂, Volgograd region, 2 km NW of Chapurniki, 48°28' N, 044°28' E, 29. V.1999, ex l., O. Gorbunov leg., bred from roots of Astragalus vulpinus ( Fabaceae ), genitalia preparation No OG-008-1999. Moths emerged 8.VII.1999 ( Sesiidae pictures Nos 0421–0422-2019); 2 ♀♀, Volgograd region, 2 km NW of Mikhailovka, 49°47' N, 044°23' E, 3–5. VI.2002, ex l., O. Gorbunov leg., bred from roots of Astragalus albicaulis ( Fabaceae ). Moths emerged 6.VII and 20.VII.2002 ( Sesiidae pictures Nos 0431–0432- 2019); 4 ♂♂, same locality, 8.VII.2015, O. Gorbunov leg. ( Sesiidae pictures Nos 0391–0396-2015, 0389–0390-2015); 2 ♂♂, Russia, Saratov region, Vol’sk District, Klyuchi, 109 m, 52°09.73' N, 047°05.76' E, 7.VII.2015, O. Gorbunov leg. ( Sesiidae pictures Nos 0385–0388-2015).

DESCRIPTION. Male (holotype) ( Figs 1–2 View Figs 1–6 ). Alar expanse 17.9 mm; body length 11.0 mm; forewing length 8.0 mm; antenna length 4.3 mm.

Head: antenna dark brown with faint bronze-violet sheen, ventrally with admixture of few pale yellow scales, apical quarter somewhat darker; scapus dark brown to black dorsally and pale yellow ventrally; frons white with golden hue and several black scales medially; labial palpus white with golden hue, few black hair-like scales on basal palpomere and narrow stripe of black hair-like scales exteriorventrally on mid palpomere; vertex mixed with pale yellow and black hair-like scales and with small white spot ahead of ocellus; pericephalic hairs pale yellow dorsally and white laterally; neck plate white with golden hue.

Thorax: patagia dark brown to black with bright greenish-bronze sheen and small white spot with golden hue laterally; tegula dark brown to black with greenish-violet sheen, small white spot with golden hue at base of forewing and pale yellow scales posteriorly; mesothorax dark brown to black with greenish-violet sheen; metathorax pale yellow; besides this, tegula and mesothorax densely covered with pale yellow hair-like scales masking background colouration; thorax laterally dark grey-brown with bright violet sheen and large white spot with golden hue anteriorly; posteriorly metepimeron black while metameron white and both densely covered with white hair-like scales.

Legs: fore coxa white with golden hue and with admixture of several black scales with purple sheen medially, besides this, fore coxa densely covered with white hair-like scales; fore femur white with golden hue and white hair-like scales at inner margin; fore tibia dorsally dark brown to black with greenishpurple sheen, ventrally pale yellow with golden hue; fore tibia pale yellow with golden hue and admixture of brown scales with bronze sheen dorsally; mid coxa black with greenish-violet sheen and admixture of narrow white scales; mid femur externally black with blue-violet sheen, internally white with golden hue, posteriorly with white hairy-like scales; mid tibia black with blue-violet sheen, large pale yellow spot exteriordorsally and admixture of white scales with golden hue internally; spurs white with golden hue; mid tarsus entirely white with golden hue; hind coxa black with greenish-violet sheen and admixture of white scales with golden hue; hind femur externally black with blue-violet sheen, internally white with golden hue, posteriorly with white hairy-like scales; hind tibia white with golden hue and admixture of several black scales both basally and apically; spurs white with golden hue; hind tarsus entirely white with golden hue.

Forewing: dorsally with basal part black with dark greenish-blue sheen; costal margin light brown with bronze sheen; Cu-stem, most part of discal spot, surface between veins R 1 – R 3, veins R 4, R 5 and M 3, surface between vein CuA 1 and anal margin and outer margin brown with bronze sheen; anal margin yellow with admixture of several brown scales; discal spot with few yellow scales distally; veins M 1 and M 2 yellow with few brown scales distally; apical area extremely narrow yellow; transparent areas well-developed, but densely covered with translucent scales with light golden hue; external transparent area large, divided into six cells between veins R 3 and CuA 1, level to vein M 2 about five times as broad as discal spot and about twice broader than apical area; cilia brown with bright bronze sheen; ventrally costal and anal margins, veins M 1 and M 2 and apical area pale yellow; most part of discal spot, surface between veins R 1 –R 3 brown; CuA-stem, veins CuA 1 and CuA 2 and outer margin brown; vein M 3 brown with few pale yellow scales; discal spot with few yellow scales distally; cilia brown with bright bronze sheen.

Hindwing transparent; dorsally veins, discal spot and outer margin brown with bronze sheen; discal spot narrow, reaching middle between bases of veins M 2 –M 3; outer margin narrow, about 0.3 times as broad as cilia; cilia brown with bright bronze sheen; ventrally veins and discal spot pale yellow to white with admixture of several brown scales on veins M 3, CuA 1 and CuA 2; proximal half of outer margin pale yellow to white, distal half brown; cilia brown with bright bronze sheen.

Abdomen: dorsally black with greenish-bronze sheen; tergites 2, 4, 6 and 7 each with narrow pale yellow to white stripe distally; tergites 3 and 5 each with admixture of pale yellow to white scales medially; beside this, tergites 1–3 each sparsely covered with white hair-like scales; ventrally dark brown to black with greenish-violet sheen and few white hair-like scales; sternites 2–4 each with narrow, but broadened laterally, white stripe distally; sternites 5 with few while sternites 6 and 7 with more numerous white scales laterodistally; anal tuft well-developed, lanceolate; dorsally black with greenish-violet sheen with pale yellow to yellow scales medially and white scales laterally; ventrally pale yellow with few black scales.

Male genitalia (paratype; genital preparation No OG-011-1998) ( Figs 25–29 View Figs 25–30 ). Tegumen-uncus complex relatively broad; scopula androconialis well-developed, about 0.6 times as long as tegumen-uncus complex ( Fig. 25 View Figs 25–30 ); crista gnathi medialis broad, dome-shaped; crista gnathi lateralis narrow and short ( Fig. 25 View Figs 25–30 ); valva ( Fig. 26 View Figs 25–30 ) trapezoid, crista sacculi complex, with two distinct but cranially connected ridges: dorsal part S-shaped, densely covered with strong pointed setae, ventral part short, rounded, with small group of strong flat-topped setae, with short and narrow growth dorsally with several strong flat-topped setae; saccus ( Fig. 27 View Figs 25–30 ) relatively narrow, long, about 1.3 times as long as vinculum; aedeagus ( Fig. 28 View Figs 25–30 ) rather narrow, slightly bisinuate, about 1.2 times as long as valva; vesica with two groups of several strong cornuti ( Fig. 29 View Figs 25–30 ).

Female (paratype, Sesiidae pictures Nos 0459–0460- 2019) ( Figs 7–8 View Figs 7–12 ). Alar expanse 15.1 mm; body length 8.9 mm; forewing length 6.9 mm; antenna length 4.1 mm.

Head: antenna dark brown to black with faint greenish-violet sheen, apical quarter somewhat darker; scapus dark brown to black with few white scales ventrally; frons white with golden hue and grey scales with golden hue both medially and above; labial palpus with both basal and mid palpomeres white with golden hue, few black scales externally and yellow scales ventrally, apical palpomere yellow with golden hue and several black scales externally; vertex dark brown to black with dark violet sheen and few orange hair-like scales; pericephalic hairs pale yellow dorsally and white laterally; neck plate white with golden hue.

Thorax: patagia dark brown to black with bright greenish-violet sheen; tegula dark brown to black with blue-violet sheen, few pale yellow scales at base of forewing and narrow pale yellow inner margin; mesothorax dark brown to black with blue-violet sheen; metathorax yellow with tuft of black hair-like scales laterally; besides this, tegula and mesothorax sparsely covered with black hair-like scales; thorax laterally dark grey-brown with bright violet sheen, large white spot with golden hue anteriorly and narrow pale yellow stripe at base of forewing; posteriorly both metepimeron and metameron dark brown to black, densely covered with black hair-like scales.

Legs: fore coxa white with golden hue and narrow black with violet sheen inner margin; fore femur dark grey-brown with greenish-bronze sheen and few pale yellow scales interiordistally; fore tibia dorsally dark grey-brown with greenish-bronze sheen, orange scales at posterior margin and few yellow scales distally, ventrally pale yellow with golden hue; fore tibia entirely brown to dark brown with bronze sheen; mid coxa dark brown to black with blue-violet sheen; mid femur dark brown to black with greenish-violet sheen and black hair-like scales at posterior margin; mid tibia dark brown to black with blue-violet sheen, large orange spot exteriordorsally and few orange scales dorsodistally; spurs dark grey-brown with bronze sheen; mid tarsus dark brown with bronze sheen and few orange scales dorsodistally on basal tarsomere; hind coxa dark brown to black with blue-violet sheen; hind femur dark brown to black with greenish-violet sheen and black hair-like scales at posterior margin; hind tibia orange with black with bright violet sheen broad ring both basally and subdistally; spurs dark brown with bronze sheen, internal spurs white internally; hind tarsus entirely dark brown with bronze sheen.

Forewing: dorsally with basal part black with dark greenish-blue sheen; costal margin black with violet sheen; Cu-stem dark brown to black with bronze sheen; anal margin dark brown to black with violet sheen and admixture of few orange scales; discal spot black with violet sheen and few orange scales distally; veins M 1 and M 2 dark brown with bronze sheen and few orange scales basally; vein M 3 and outer margin dark brown with violet sheen; apical area narrow dark brown with bronze sheen and yellow scales between veins R 5 –CuA 1; transparent areas rather well-developed, but densely covered with translucent scales with light golden hue; posterior transparent area small; external transparent area rather small, divided into four cells between veins R 5 and CuA 1, level to vein M 2 about 1.6 times as broad as discal spot and about 2.7 times broader than apical area; cilia brown with bright bronze sheen; ventrally costal and anal margins and CuA-stem pale yellow with several yellow scales on R-stem and CuA-stem; most part of discal spot and surface between veins R 1 –R 5 dark brown with bronze-violet sheen; distal part of discal spot orange; veins M 1 –M 3 brown with several orange scales; apical area yellow proximally and brown with bronze sheen distally; outer margin dark brown with violet sheen; cilia brown with bright bronze sheen.

Hindwingtransparent;veinsandoutermargindarkbrown with bronze sheen; discal spot dark brown with bronze sheen and few orange scales ventrally, cuneiform, reaching base of common stem veins M 3 –CuA 1; outer margin narrow, about 0.5 times as broad as cilia; cilia brown with bright bronze sheen.

Abdomen: dorsally black with greenish sheen; tergites 2, 4 and 6 each with narrow pale yellow stripe distally; ventrally dark brown to black with greenish-violet sheen; sternites 2 and 5 each with few pale yellow scales laterodistally; sternite 4 with narrow pale yellow stripe distally; anal tuft black with greenish sheen dorsally and violet sheen ventrally.

Female genitalia (paratype; genital preparation No OG-010-1998) ( Fig. 30 View Figs 25–30 ). Papillae anales relatively broad, wellsclerotized basally and narrowly membranous distally, covered with short and long setae; tergite 8 narrow, slightly broadened ventrally, with short and long setae distally; posterior apophysis about 1.6 times as long as anterior apophysis; both lamellae antevaginalis and postvaginalis undeveloped; ostium bursae membranous in form of wrinkled slit, situated medio-ventral to tergite 8; antrum long, about 0.5 times as long as anterior apophysis, membranous, ductus bursae membranous gradually merges with corpus bursae, about as long as antrum; corpus bursae ovoid, without signum.

INDIVIDUAL VARIABILITY ( Figs 1–12 View Figs 1–6 View Figs 7–12 ). Both males and females vary in the number of white, pale yellow and yellow scales on the head, thorax, legs and abdomen ( Figs 1–12 View Figs 1–6 View Figs 7–12 ). Females are noticeably more variable in the coloration of various parts of the body. Thus, the number of orange scales on the anal margin of the forewing dorsally is very variable ( Figs 7, 9, 11 View Figs 7–12 ). In addition, there are several females that lack the pale yellow stripe on the tergite 6 of the abdomen ( Fig. 11 View Figs 7–12 ). Individual size is variable as follows. Males: alar expanse 14.5–23.0 mm; body length 10.0– 14.5 mm; forewing length 6.5–10.0 mm; antenna length 4.5–7.0 mm. Females: alar expanse 13.5–21.5 mm; body length 8.6–13.8 mm; forewing length 6.2–10.0 mm; antenna length 3.3–5.6 mm.

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS. This new species seems to be the closest to B. puella Z. Laštůvka, 1989 and B. megillaeformis (Hübner, 1813) . In general, the colour pattern of males of B. eversmanni sp.n. is very similar to that of males B. puella and differs only in being paler (cp. Figs 1–6 View Figs 1–6 with Figs 13–14 View Figs 13–18 in this publication or with fig. 15a–k in Gorbunov, Efetov, 2018). In addition, although males of both these species have similar maximum wingspan sizes, most males of B. eversmanni sp.n. are noticeably smaller than males of B. puella . The females of the new species are also noticeably paler and smaller than the females of B. puella (cp. Figs 7–12 View Figs 7–12 with Figs 15–18 View Figs 13–18 in this publication or with fig. 16a–k in Gorbunov, Efetov, 2018). The genitalia of males of B. eversmanni sp.n. have minor differences from those of B. puella in the form of crista gnati medialis, crista sacculi and saccus (cp. Figs 25–27 View Figs 25–30 in this article with fig. 17a–c in Gorbunov, Efetov, 2018). The genitalia of females in these two species do not differ significantly.

B. eversmanni sp.n. is quite easily distinguished from B. megillaeformis by its paler colouration, but is very simple in the structure and colouring of the apical area of the forewing (apical area broad, about as broad as cilia, orange or yelloworange in B. megillaeformis , vs. apical area narrow or even extremely narrow, yellow in male and dark brown with admixture of yellow scales in female of B. eversmanni sp.n.; cp. Figs 1–12 View Figs 1–6 View Figs 7–12 with Figs 19–24 View Figs 19–24 ).

From all other representatives of the subgenus Opacosphecia living in relative proximity to the Volga region, namely, B. parthica (Lederer, 1870) , B. daghestanica Gorbunov, 1991 , and B. gegamica Gorbunov, 1991 , B. eversmanni sp.n. is distinguished by its pale colour and smaller size.

BIONOMICS. The larvae of this new species live in the upper parts of the roots of various Astragalus species ( Fabaceae ). I bred them from the following species: A. albicaulis DC. , A. rupifragus Pall. , A. varius S.G. Gmel. , A. vulpinus Willd. , and A. zingeri Korsh. The larva pupates in a cocoon. Imagoes fly from the end of June to mid-August.

HABITAT. This new species is biotopically associated with steppes and semideserts. The most preferred habitats are mixed-grass steppes ( Fig. 31 View Fig ) on calcified soil and artemisian semideserts.

DISTRIBUTION. This new species is currently known from several localities in the Middle (Ul’yanovsk region) and Lower Volga regions (Saratov, Volgograd and Astrakhan’ regions) .

ETYMOLOGY. This new species is named in honor of Eduard Eversmann [1794–1860], a professor of zoology and botany at Kazan University, a researcher of the fauna and flora of the Volga region and other parts of the Russian Empire.

Acknowledgements. I would like to express my cordial thanks to my friends Dr Alexander V. Dantchenko, Mr Valeriy V. Sychyov, Mr Alexey N. Zamesov (all from Moscow, Russia), Mr Alexander V. Chuvilin (Tula, Russia) and Mr Andrey A. Zagorinskiy (Korolyov, Russia) for the company and help during our joint travels to various regions of the European part of Russia. I also sincerely thank Dr Alexander K. Sytin (Saint Petersburg, Russia) for his help in determination of host plants of the family Fabaceae , and Dr Anatoly V. Krupitsky (Moscow, Russia) for carefully checking the English of an advanced draft .

The study was conducted using the equipments of the Electron Microscopy Room of the A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow, Russia).

V

Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium

VI

Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Insecta

Order

Lepidoptera

Family

Sesiidae

Genus

Bembecia

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