Orthos minka Evans, 1955

Zhang, Jing, Dolibaina, Diego R., Cong, Qian, Shen, Jinhui, Song, Leina, Mielke, Carlos G. C., Casagrande, Mirna M., Mielke, Olaf H. H. & Grishin, Nick V., 2023, Taxonomic notes on Neotropical Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera), Zootaxa 5271 (1), pp. 91-114 : 98

Orthos hyalinus (E. Bell, 1930) , reinstated status and Orthos minka Evans, 1955 , new status

Genomic sequencing and comparison of Eutychide hyalinus Bell, 1930 (type locality in Brazil: Santa Catarina, holotype NVG-18026A06 sequenced) and Orthos orthos minka Evans, 1955 (type locality Brazil: Amazonas, Manaus), currently subspecies of Eutychide orthos Godman, 1900 (type locality Panama: Chiriqui), which is the type species of Orthos Evans, 1955 , reveal prominent genetic differentiation among them ( Fig. 4 magenta, olive and green). E.g., COI barcodes of E. hyalinus and O. o. minka respectively differ from O. orthos by 5.9% (39 bp) and 8.3% (55 bp). The genetic differentiation of O. o. minka is especially large, near the levels characteristic of subgenera ( Fig. 4 ). Taken together with phenotypic differences described by Evans (1955), who particularly distinguished O. o. minka by the shape of brands and unmarked wings, the genetic differences support species status for these taxa: Orthos hyalinus (E. Bell, 1930) , stat. rest. and Orthos minka Evans, 1955 , stat. nov. Genitalia of the three species differ as well, in the shape of harpe and the extent of its separation from ampulla, although not described, but illustrated by Evans (1955).

Figures

FIGURE 4. Nuclear genome tree of selected Carystina and Hesperiina. The tree is constructed from protein-coding regions. Statistical support values are shown by nodes. For each specimen, its name adopted in this work is given first, and a previously used name is listed in square brackets (if different), supplemented with the DNA sample number, type status, general locality, year of collection (when known), and, for primary type specimens, their repository. Synonyms are given in parentheses preceded by “=”, and in addition by “‡” for unavailable names. The type status refers to this synonym, if the synonym name is provided. Green vertical bar cuts the tree into genera, except Vertica, which is characterized by lower evolutionary rate (leaves are closer to the root compared to most others). Yellow shading denotes genera and its width (horizontal dimension) is proportional to the genetic differentiation within each genus. Taxa discussed in the text are shown in different colors: Carystus elvira (orange), Orthos minka, stat. nov. (green), Orthos orthos (purple), Orthos hyalinus, stat. rest. (olive), Oxynthes (blue, subgenus Oeonus labeled in dark blue), Lindra neroides, comb. nov. (red, neotype labeled in margenta), Lindra brasus (cyan), and Decinea (gray).