Oulopterygidae Rehn (1951)

Evangelista, Dominic A., Nelson, Dvorah, Varadínová, Zuzana Kotyková & Abstract, Frédéric Legendre, 2023, Phylogenomics and deep convergence in cockroach hind-wing morphology, Organisms Diversity & Evolution (New York, N. Y.) 23 (4), pp. 929-940 : 933-935

Family Oulopterygidae Rehn (1951)

History Princis (1965) placed Melyroidea in Oulopterygidae with Prosoplecta , Anareolaria Shelford (1909) , Euhypnorna , and Oulopteryx . Shelford’s description of Anareolaria is not sufficient to determine its placement ( Shelford, 1909), and it is currently considered unplaced tional apical field gains. Symbols on branches show inferred points of apical field gain (pink with outline) and loss (purple without outline). Numbered tokens correspond to images of taxa in the corresponding clade. 1, Therea sp. (Corydiinae); 2, Melyroidea magnifica ( Oulopterygidae ); 3, Periplaneta australasiae ; 4, Ectobius sylvestris ; 5, Riatia orientis ; 6, Prosoplecta semperi ; 7, Megaloblatta longipennis ; 8, Loboptera decipiens ; 9, Episymploce asahinae ; 10, Epilampra opaca ; 11, Eublaberus distanti ; 12, Diploptera punctata in Blaberoidea ( Roth, 2003). Phylogenetic analysis ( Fig. 1 ) clearly demonstrates that Euhypnorna is a genus of Blattellinae and Prosoplecta belongs to Pseudophyllodromiinae , placements consistent with their morphologies ( Anisyutkin, 2013; Evangelista et al., 2019a, b, c). Bonfils (1975) placed Oulopteryx in Anaplectinae without giving a morphological justification. Roth (2003) included Oulopteryx in Corydioidea and Melyroidea in Pseudophyllodromiinae . Aclavoidea socialis Vidlička and Vršanský (2020) was described as being closely related to Melyroidea and Oulopteryx . However, these three oulopterygid genera have no consistent morphological differences other than body dimensions and coloration.

Family diagnosis Oulopterygidae ( Oulopteryx , Aclavoidea , and Melyroidea ) differs from Tryonicidae in the following characteristics: Neotropical distribution (as opposed to Australian), macropterous (as opposed to brachypterous), pronotum with raised anterior edge and other sculpting (as opposed to smooth and regular). Oulopterygidae differs from Anaplecta in the folded apical membrane of the hind-wing being rolled at rest (rather than folded). Oulopterygidae also has thicker sclerotization of body and forewings, giving it a blaberid-like appearance (as opposed to the more delicate ectobiid-like appearance of Anaplectidae ).

Figures

Fig.1 Phylogeny of Blattodea (a) and wing morphology illustration (b). a The phylogeny presented is the final species tree resulting from a number of topology tests and inference methods (IQ-TREE and ASTRAL). Node support values represent bootstrap frequency (3000 replicates from concatenation analyses of all three modified alignments; left) and gene concordance factors among the 41 loci (right). Taxa in bold have hind wings with a very large apical folding area (b – i, and b – ii). The apical region in Diploptera may not be homologous to those of other taxa so we use another symbol and did not count them as addi-