Oxynoemacheilus sakaryaensis, Turan & Aksu & Kalayci, 2023

Turan, Davut, Aksu, Sadi & Kalayci, Goekhan, 2023, Two new Oxynoemacheilus species in western Anatolia (Teleostei, Nemacheilidae), Zoosystematics and Evolution 99 (2), pp. 439-455 : 439

Oxynoemacheilus sakaryaensis sp. nov.

Figs 1 , 2

Type material.

Holotype. FFR15629, 1, 58 mm SL; Turkey: Ankara prov.: stream Kirmir 3 km north of Güdül, a tributary of Sakarya River, 40.236°N, 32.606°E.

Examined materials.

Paratypes. FFR15514 , 20, 51-62 mm SL; same data holotype . - FFR01527 , 17, 50- 62 mm SL; Turkey: Ankara prov.: stream Kirmir about 3 km north of Güdül, 40.236°N, 32.261°E . - FFR01387 , 9, 39- 58 mm SL; Turkey: Ankara prov.: stream İlhan at Ilhan Village , 40.093°N, 32.245°E . - FFR15621 , 27, 37-65 mm SL; Turkey: Ankara prov.: stream İlhan at Ilhan Village , 40.097°N, 32.250°E . - FFR15623 , 21, 49-60 mm SL; Turkey: Ankara prov.: stream Kirmir about 6 km north of Güdül 40.259°N, 32.268°E .- FFR15624 , 14, 47-60 mm SL; Turkey: Ankara prov.: stream Bayındır at Guemele Village , 40.314°N, 32.466°E . - FFR 1364, 16, 25-64 mm SL; Turkey: Ankara prov: stream Kirmir at Kızılcahamam, 40.483°N, 32.653°E .-FFR 1386, 13, 49-62 mm SL; FFR 15515 , 1, 62 mm SL; Turkey: Ankara prov: stream Öz at Kızılcahamam, 40.463°N, 32.653°E .- FFR 1387, 9, 39-58 mm SL; FFR 1527, 17, 50-62 mm SL; Turkey: Ankara prov: stream İlhan 5 km west of Gökçebağ, 40.093°N, 32.245°E . - FFR 15514 , 1, 59 mm SL; Turkey: Ankara prov: stream Kirmir 3 km north of Güdül, 40.236°N, 32.261°E .

Material used in molecular genetic analysis.

FFR DNA 15623 , 4, Turkey: Ankara prov.: stream Kirmir about 6 km north of Güdül, 40.259°N, 32.268°E. (GenBank accession numbers OQ332822 - OQ332825 ) - FFR DNA 15629 , 3, Turkey: Ankara prov: stream Kirmir about 3 km north of Güdül 40.236°N, 32.606°E. (GenBank accession numbers OQ332826 - OQ332828 ) - FFR DNA 15621 , 3, Turkey: Ankara prov: stream İlhan at Ilhan Village , 40.097°N, 32.250°E. (GenBank accession numbers OQ332829 - OQ332831 ) - FFR DNA 1527, 2 , Turkey: Ankara prov: stream Kirmir about 3 km north of Güdül, 40.236°N, 32.261°E. (GenBank accession numbers OQ332820 - OQ332821 )

Diagnosis.

Oxynoemacheilus sakaryaensis is distinguished from O. melenicus by having the flank plain yellowish or numerous irregularly shaped pale brownish bars (vs. the flank with 10-13 irregular shaped dark brownish bars or blotches, 0-2 irregularly shaped brownish saddle in front of dorsal-fin origin (vs. 3-4) and caudal peduncle depth 2.8-3.2 times in its length (vs. 1.9-2.8). Oxynoemacheilus sakaryaensis is distinguished from O. angorae by having a caudal-peduncle depth 2.8-3.2 times in its length (vs.1.4-1.8), the flank with plain yellowish or with numerous irregularly shaped brown bars in most individuals (vs. showing a dark-brown mid lateral stripe or a series of fused, dark-brown blotches interrupted by a whitish or pale-brown lateral line (Fig. 3 ), a groove in upper lip in males (vs. absent), an axillary lobe at the base of pelvic fin (vs. absent) and the caudal-fin moderately forked (vs. emarginated) Oxynoemacheilus sakaryaensis is distinguished from O. banarescui by the flank with plain yellowish or with numerous irregularly shaped brown bars in most individuals (vs. 7-9 brownish blotches on flank (Fig. 4 ), the caudal peduncle depth 2.8-3.2 times in its length (vs. 1.9-2.8) and maxillary barbells always shorter than outer rostral barbells (vs. equal or shorter) Oxynoemacheilus sakaryaensis is distinguished from O. simavicus by the flank with plain yellowish or with numerous irregularly shaped pale brown bars in most individuals (vs. flank with 2-8 dark brownish blotches (Fig. 5 ) and 7-9 small and very pale brownish saddles on back (vs. 4-5 large dark brownish saddles on back). Oxynoemacheilus sakaryaensis is distinguished from O. samanticus by having a snout length smaller than postorbital length (vs. the snout length longer than the postorbital length), more slender caudal peduncle (caudal peduncle depth 2.8-3.2 times in its length, vs. 2.2-2.7) and the flank with plain yellowish or with numerous irregularly shaped brown bars in most individuals (vs. 5-10 black or dark brown bars or blocks on flank (Fig. 6 ). Oxynoemacheilus sakaryaensis is distinguished from O. fatsaensis by the flank with plain yellowish or with numerous irregularly shaped brown bars in most individuals (vs. the flank with marmalade pattern or with numerous irregularly shaped dark brown blotches as two or three horizontal rows (Fig. 7 ) and more slender caudal peduncle (caudal peduncle length 2.8-3.2 times greater than its length (vs. 2.0-2.6). Oxynoemacheilus sakaryaensis is distinguished from O. bergianus by the flank with plain yellowish or with numerous irregularly shaped brown bars in most individuals (vs. 4-9 black or dark brown bars or blocks on flank (Fig. 8 ) and a greater distance between anus and anal-fin origin (3-5% SL, vs. 2-3).

Oxynoemacheilus sakaryaensis is distinguished from O. seyhanensis by having the caudal-peduncle length 2.8-3.2 times greater than its depth (vs.1.2-1.4), the flank with plain yellowish or with numerous irregularly shaped brown bars in most individuals (vs. the body with marmorate pattern or numerous small irregularly shaped and spaced dark-brown bars on flank (Fig. 9 ), a suborbital groove in males (vs. absent), an axillary lobe at base of pelvic fin (vs. absent), a forked caudal fin (vs. slightly emarginate), lacking dorsal and ventral adipose crest on caudal peduncle (vs. present) and a more slender caudal peduncle (depth 2.7-3.5 times in its length, vs. 2.0-2.6, vs. 1.2-1.4). Oxynoemacheilus sakaryaensis is distinguished from O. cemali by having the flank with plain yellowish or with numerous irregularly shaped brown bars in most individuals (vs. 9-15 irregularly shaped dark-gray bars on the flank), a forked caudal-fin (vs. slightly forked), and having a slender caudal peduncle (the caudal-peduncle length 2.8-3.2 times greater than its depth (vs.1.4-2.0).

Description.

See Figs 1 , 2 for general appearance and Table 2 for morphometric data. Adult size large (maximum 65 mm SL). Body slender, compressed at caudal peduncle, greatest depth about midline between nape and dorsal-fin origin, slightly decreasing towards caudal-fin base. No hump at nape. Greatest body width at pectoral-fin base. Head pointed, upper head profile slightly convex on snout, flattened on ventral surface. Snout slightly pointed at tip. Mouth narrow and arched, lips well developed. A narrower median interruption in lower lip. A narrower median incision in upper lip a very shallow groove. A suborbital groove in males. Barbels short, inner rostral barbel not reaching to base of maxillary barbel; outer almost not reaching to vertical through anterior eye margin. Maxillary barbell not reaching to posterior eye-margin in most individuals. Caudal peduncle slender, compressed laterally, length 2.8-3.2 times longer than deep. Axillary lobe presents at pelvic-fin base, fully attached to body. Pelvic-fin origin below first or second branched dorsal-fin ray. Anal-fin origin at vertically equal to dorsal-fin tip. The pectoral fin almost reaching vertical through tip of dorsal-fin origin in males. No dorsal or ventral adipose crest on caudal peduncle.

Lateral line complete, reaching caudal-fin base. Body covered by embedded scales on flank, back, and belly. Dorsal fin with 8½ branched rays, its outer margin straight or slightly concave. Anal fin with 5½ branched rays, its outer margin straight or slightly concave. Pectoral fin with 10-12 rays, outer margin straight. Pelvic fin with 7-8 rays, outer margin slightly convex. Caudal fin with 8+8, 8+9, and 9+9 branched rays, outer margin moderately forked and lopes slightly pointed.

Coloration.

Body yellowish or brownish in life and preserved individuals. Head and cheek with small, plain brown mottling on top and cheeks, without color pattern ventrally. No pigmentation below a line from pectoral-fin base to anus. A large, irregularly shaped, dark-brown blotch at dorsal fin-origin. Flank plain yellowish with numerous irregularly shaped brown bars in most individuals. Back with zero to 2 pale blotches anterior to dorsal-fin origin. The dorsal part of caudal peduncle with 3-4 irregularly shaped pale saddle, not fused with midlateral blotches. One or two irregular shaped small black spots on caudal-fin base. Dorsal-fin with 1-2 and caudal fin with 2-3 fine, irregularly shapes black bands on rays. Anal, pectoral and pelvic fins greyish to yellowish, with numerous small black spots on rays.

Distribution.

Oxynoemacheilus sakaryaensis was found in the Sakarya drainage in western Anatolia (Fig. 10 ).

Etymology.

The name of the species is derived from the Sakarya River.

Figures

Figure 1. Oxynoemacheilus sakaryaensis, FFR 15629 holotype, 58 mm SL; Turkey: stream Kirmir.

Figure 2. Oxynoemacheilus sakaryaensis, FFR 15623 paratypes, top to bottom 56 mm SL, 61 mm SL; Turkey: stream Kirmir.

Figure 3. Oxynoemacheilus angorae, FFR 01513, 55 mm SL, Turkey: stream Bercin, FFR 01526, 64 mm SL; Turkey: stream Kirmir.

Figure 4. Oxynoemacheilus banarescui, IUSHM 2018 - 1403, 62 mm SL, 46 mm SL; Turkey: stream Davulga.

Figure 5. Oxynoemacheilus simavicus, FFR 01544, mm SL, 52 mm SL; Turkey: stream Niluefer.

Figure 6. Oxynoemacheilus samanticus, FFR 015518, 64 mm SL, 62 mm SL; Turkey: stream Soruk.

Figure 7. Oxynoemacheilus fatsaensis, FFR 01566 paratypes, 74 mm SL, 67 mm SL; Turkey: stream Tersakan.

Figure 8. Oxynoemacheilus bergianus, FFR 015506, 59 mm SL, 57 mm SL; Turkey, Murat River at Ballibostan.

Figure 9. Oxynoemacheilus seyhanensis, FFR 01577, 53 mm SL, 54 mm SL; Turkey: stream Soruk.

Figure 10. Distribution of Oxynoemacheilus species in the western Anatolia.