Parerigone flavisquama, Wang, Qiang, Zhang, Chuntian & Wang, Xinhua, 2015

Wang, Qiang, Zhang, Chuntian & Wang, Xinhua, 2015, Review of the genus Parerigone Brauer (Diptera: Tachinidae) with five new species from China, Zootaxa 3919 (3), pp. 457-478 : 466-468

Parerigone flavisquama sp. nov.

( Figs. 9–12 , 29–32 , 43 )

Diagnosis. Medium-sized black flies, mostly covered with grayish white pruinosity. Occiput mostly with reddish yellow or yellow hairs; vertex 0.14–0.16 of head width; all thoracic hairs black or with several yellowish long hairs mixed on katepisternum; lower calypter yellow or reddish yellow; legs black in both sexes, mid tibia with (female) or without (male) ventral seta.

Description. Body length: 7.5–10 mm.

Male. Head black in ground color, parafacial brown, frontal vitta black, lower eye margin, gena and genal dilation reddish or reddish brown, lower face pale yellowish; fronto-orbital plate, parafacial, gena and genal dilation, lower face margin covered with pale yellowish pruinosity, occiput with reddish yellow or yellow hairs and one or two rows of short black hairs behind postocular seta; antenna brown-black; palpus reddish yellow except base dark. Vertex 0.14–0.16 of head width; frontal vitta 2.2–2.5 times as wide as fronto-orbital plate at middle; parafacial 1.1–1.2 times as wide as 1st flagellomere at middle height; face weakly concave, lower margin strongly protruded forward, extending beyond base of vibrissa by 1.0–1.1 times length of pedicel; gena about 0.36 of eye height. Inner vertical seta long, 0.75–0.77 of eye height; outer vertical seta fine, 0.5–0.6 times as long as inner vertical seta; ocellar seta fine hair-like, 0.43–0.45 times as long as inner vertical seta and with several fine black hairs on ocellar triangle; 2 postocellar setae, 0.55–0.60 times as long as inner vertical seta; 2 post vertical setae, crossed at apex, 0.55–0.60 times as long as inner vertical seta; 11–12 long frontal setae, lowest seta nearly level with basal of pedicel; fronto-orbital plate with only several fine short black hairs among row of frontal setae; vibrissa inserted slightly above level of lower margin of face; facial ridge with 3–4 setae and several fine short hairs at most on lower 1/4; 4–6 rather long subvibrissal setae. Antenna falling short of lower margin of face by about twice pedicel length; pedicel bearing black hairs and a long seta, the latter 2.1–2.3 times as long as pedicel; 1st flagellomere about twice as long as pedicel; arista with micro-pubescence, 3rd aristomere thickened on basal 1/ 5.

Thorax black in ground color, with rather grayish white pruinosity; dorsum with 4 narrow longitudinal vittae, outer vittae about 1.5 times as wide as inner vittae and about 0.3 times as wide as pruinose portion between inner and outer vittae; pleura with thin grayish white pruinosity. All thoracic hairs black or with several yellowish long hairs mixed on katepisternum; anatergite with fine hairs; 3 presutural and 3 postsutural dorsocentral setae, 0 presutural and 2 postsutural intra-alar setae, 3 postsutural supra-alar setae, sometimes with 1 fine long hair inserted between 1st and 2nd postsutural supra-alar setae; scutellum with 3 pairs of marginal setae and 1 pair of rather fine long discal setae, the latter about 1.6 times as long as scutellum, basal and subapical setae subequal in length and about twice as long as scutellum, apical seta slightly shorter than basal and subapical setae and 1.7–1.8 times as long as scutellum, sometimes 1 rather fine long hair inserted before basal seta.

Wing hyaline, evenly and weakly tinged with pale yellow on basal and anterior margins; basicosta black; lower calypter yellow or reddish yellow. Costa between subcosta and vein R1 about 0.3 times as long as that between R1 and R2+3; bend of vein M rather obtuse angled, vein M from dm-cu crossvein to its bend 1.6–1.7 times as long as distance between the bend and wing margin extending along vein M.

Legs black, pulvilli pale yellowish brown. All leg hairs black, sometimes with several yellowish long hairs on posteroventral portion of coxae and femora; fore tibia with 2–3 very fine anterodorsal and 2–3 fine and long posterior setae; mid tibia with 1–2 anterodorsal and 3–5 posterodorsal setae, if 2 anterodorsal setae present then upper seta fine and if 5 posterodorsal setae present then uppermost seta fine, without ventral seta; hind tibia with a sparsely set row of short and fine anterodorsal setae, 2–3 strong submedian setae among them, if 3 setae present then upper seta fine, and 2 strong anteroventral setae, and with 2 preapical dorsal setae.

Abdomen long ovate, black in ground color, entirely covered with dense grayish white or pale yellowish pruinosity, irregular spots appearing with direction of light on dorsum of syntergite 1+2 to 5th tergite. Hairs on dorsum black, fine short and suberect, sometimes with several fine long yellowish hairs on median ventral portion of abdomen; syntergite 1+2 excaved half way to posterior margin, with 4 median marginal setae, inner two rather short, outer two strong, and 2–3 pairs of lateral marginal setae; 3rd tergite with 4 median discal, 2 strong median marginal and 3–4 lateral marginal setae; 4th tergite with 4 strong median discal and a row of 10 strong marginal setae; 5th tergite with 2 rows of median discal and a row of marginal setae.

Male terminalia. Fifth sternite ( Fig. 31 ) broadly V-shaped in ventral view, broadly excavated posteromedially, with membranous area anterior to the excavation, with fine long hairs on posterior lobe; cerci ( Fig. 29 ) sword-like in dorsal view, narrowly separated on basal 1/4 to apex, lateral margin expanded on middle, apex pointed, with dense long and strong hairs, in lateral view dorsal and ventral margin nearly straight with dense and short hairs; surstylus ( Fig. 30 ) long, with dense long fine hairs, weakly pointed apically; bacilliform sclerite very short; pregonite curved dorsally near apex; postgonite overlapping pregonite on basal 1/2; distiphallus elongate, distal area expanded laterally; ejaculatory apodeme short, nearly dumbbell-shaped ( Fig. 32 ).

Female. Differing from male as follows: Vertex wide, about 0.3 of head width; frontal vitta subequal in width to fronto-orbital plate at middle; outer vertical seta developed, about 0.65 times as long as inner seta; 1 strong reclinate orbital seta, about 0.65 times as long as inner vertical seta, 2 proclinate orbital setae, the posterior one fine and 2–3 short fine hairs among the orbital setae; 7–8 rather strong frontal setae; mid tibia with 1–2 strong ventral setae; claws and pulvilli shorter than 5th tarsomere. Female terminalia ( Fig. 43 ). Sixth tergite long and broad; 6th sternite long and broad, narrowed posteriorly; 7th tergite broad; 7th sternite short, divided into two rounded lobes and weakly curved ventrally on posterior portion; 8th tergite short; 8th sternite long and strongly sclerotized, strongly curved ventrally in anterior portion, posterior portion forming a piercer.

Holotype male, Yunling, Deqin, 2600–2900 m, Yunnan, China, 27–31.v.2012, Q. Wang (NKU).

Paratypes. CHINA: 1 male, Mt. Luyashan, Ningwu, Shanxi, 8.vi.1989, M.F. Wang; 1 male, 1 female, Xiachuan, Qinshui, 1200 m, Shanxi, 18.vi.1991, M.F. Wang; 1 male, Shiza Reservoir, Zuoquan, 600–800 m, Shanxi, 13.vi.1999, M.F. Wang; 1 male, Simushuan, Zuoquan, 600 m, Shanxi, 14.vi.1999, M.F. Wang; 47 males, Heshangpu Forestry Centre, Jingyuan, 2100–2300 m, Ningxia, 24-26.vi.2008, J.Y. Liu, Z.Y. Yao; 1 female, Tawan Forestry Centre, Jingyuan, 1700–1800 m, Ningxia, 2.vii.2008, Z.Y. Yao; 2 males, Yanggetai, Fangshan, 1100 m, Shanxi, 24.vi.1990, M.F. Wang; 5 males 1 female, Mt. Xiaowutai, 800–1600 m, Hebei, 17-26.vi.2009, Y.Y. Zhou (SYNU); 19 males 1 female, same data as holotype (NKU).

Etymology. Specific name is taken from the reddish yellow lower calypter of this species.

Remarks. Parerigone flavisquama is one of three species in the genus with 3 pairs of scutellar marginal setae, 3 postsutural acrostichal setae, and without reclinate orbital seta in male, the other species being P. huangshanensis and P. takanoi . Within these three species, P. flavisquama and P. huangshanensis have a narrower vertex (0.13–0.16 of head width) and a narrower gena (about 0.36 times of eye height). Parerigone flavisquama differs from P. huangshanensis in having 2 pairs of median discal setae on 3rd and 4th tergites, cerci ( Fig. 29 ) sword-like in dorsal view and apex pointed, and surstylus ( Fig. 30 ) pointed apically.

Distribution. China (Hebei, Ningxia, Shanxi, Yunnan).

Figures

FIGURES 9 – 12. Parerigone flavisquama sp. nov., male. 9. Body in dorsal view. 10. Body in lateral view. 11. Head in lateral view. 12. Head in anterior view.

FIGURES 29 – 32. Male terminalia of Parerigone flavisquama sp. nov. 29 – 30. Epandrium, cerci and surstyli. 29. Caudal view. 30. Lateral view. 31. Sternite 5 in ventral view. 32. Aedeagal apodeme, ejaculatory apodeme, hypandrium, pregonite, postgonite, basiphallus, distiphallus in lateral view. Scale bars = 0. 25 mm.

FIGURES 41 – 44. Female terminalia in lateral view. 41. Parerigone atrisetosa sp. nov. 42. Parerigone flava sp. nov. 43. Parerigone flavisquama sp. nov. 44. Parerigone laxifrons sp. nov. Scale bars = 0. 25 mm.