Photinopygus akrodontis Chatzimanolis, 2023

Chatzimanolis, Stylianos, 2023, A revision of the genus Photinopygus Chatzimanolis (Staphylinidae: Xanthopygina), Zootaxa 5292 (1), pp. 1-100 : 9-13

Photinopygus akrodontis Chatzimanolis , new species

( Figs. 7–14 )

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D083224E-53BE-420D-8247-00D3ACCD0222

Type material. Holotype, here designated, male, with labels: “ Paraguay: Itapúa San Pedro Mi, San Rafael Reserve , 26°31’24’’S, 55°48’18’’W [-26.523°, -55.805°], 90 m, 27 Nov [xi] 2000, FIT, Z.H. Falin [leg.] PAR1F00 052, ex: pyrethrum fogging split tree branch” / “SM0235543” / “Holotype Photinopygus akrodontis Chatzimanolis , des. Chatzimanolis 2022 ”. In the collection of SEMC.

Paratypes, 80, here designated: “6658” / “ Descourtilz [leg.]” / “ Espírito Santo ” / “Fry Coll. 1905-100” / “Chicago NHMus M. Bernhauer collection” / “ Xanthopygus det. Newton 1994” / “FMNHINS3975587” (1 ♁ FMNH) ; “ Argentina, Misiones, Richter [leg.]” / chrysurus det. Bernhauer ” / “Chicago NHMus M. Bernhauer collection” (1 ♁ AMNH) ; “ Argentina, Misiones, Richter [leg.]” / “ chrysurus det. Bernhauer ” / “Chicago NHMus M. Bernhauer collection” / “FMNHINS3975861”, “FMNHINS3976864” (2 ♁ FMNH) ; “ Bahia ” / “ S. America, Brazil ” / “ Sharp Coll. 1905-313” / “ Xanthopygus chrysurus Nordm. Bernhauer det.” / “Chicago NHMus M. Bernhauer collection” / “FMNHINS3975871” (1 ♁ FMNH); “♁” / “ Espirito Santo ” / “ Xanthopygus chrysurus ” / “ex. coll. Klima ” / “ex. coll. Scheerpeltz ” (1 ♁ NMW); “ Brasil [Brazil] Paraná, Guarapuava [-25.38°, -51.45°], H. Schneider [leg.], ix.[19]61 (1 ♁ CNC) ; “ Tibagy S. du Conceicao [ Brazil: Paraná: Salto da Conceição, Rio Tibagi , -24.42°, -50.56°], 12/57 [xii.1957]” (1 ♁ CNC) ; “Brazil: Minas Gerais Paq. Estaldo [Estadual do] Itacolomi , 20.242898S, 43.50747W [-20.243°, -43.507°], 8–9.ii.2014, FIT, AT1250, A. Tishechkin Coll. [leg.]” / “Chatzimanolis DNA Voucher, Extraction: SC-362, Species: Xanthopygus, Extraction date: i.9.2015” (1 ♁ ZMUN); Brazil: Minas Gerais Paq. Itacolomi, 10–11.ii.2014, FIT, A. Tishechkin Coll. [leg.]” / “Chatzimanolis DNA Voucher, Extraction: SC-364, Species: Xanthopygus, Extraction date: i.13.2015” (1 ♁ ZMUN) ; “4718” / “Fry Rio Jan. [Rio de Janeiro, -22.91°, -43.20°]” / “Fry Coll. 1905-100” / “Chicago NHMus M. Bernhauer collection” / “FMNHINS3975584” (1 ♁ FMNH) ; “5379” / “Fry Rio Jan. [Rio de Janeiro, -22.91°, -43.20°]” / “Fry Coll. 1905-100” / “Chicago NHMus M. Bernhauer collection” / “ chrysurus Ndm. ” / “FMNHINS3975585” (1 ♀ FMNH) ; “Rio de Jan. [Rio de Janeiro, -22.91°, -43.20°], Brazil, Acc No. 2966” / “Sept.” (1 ♁ CMNH) ; “ Brazil: Rio de Janeiro: Mangaratiba [-22.96°, -44.04°]” / “ July [vii] 1965, M. Alvarenga [leg.] (1 ♁ AMNH); “S. Catharina, Theresopolis [ Teresópolis , -22.41°, -42.97°, is in the state of Rio de Janeiro, not Santa Catarina], Fruhstorfer , 188 [last digit blank]” / “ Bernhauer det.” / “ Coll. Kraatz ” (1 ♁, 1 ♀ SDEI) ; “S. Catharina, Theresopolis, Fruhstorfer , 1887” / “ chrysurus det. Bernhauer ” / “Chicago NHMus M. Bernhauer collection” / “FMNHINS3975862” (1 ♀ FMNH) ; “ Theresopolis Brasil, Jul. Michaelis [leg.]” / “ Xanthopygus chrysurus Nordm. Museum f. Naturkunde Berlin ( MFNB)” (1 ♁ MFNB) ; “ Rio [de] Janeiro ” / “ F. Sahlberg ” / “600” / “ Xanthopygus chrysurus Nordm. ” / “ Xanthopygus chrysurus Nordm. Bernhauer det.” / “http://id.luomus.fi/GAC.7918 Xanthopygus chrysurus Nordm. unknown det.” (1 ♁ MZH) ; “ Brasilia San Leopoldo [Rio Grande do Sul: São Leopoldo ; -29.76°, -51.15°] F. Schneider [leg.]” / “ chrysurus det. Bernhauer ” / “Chicago NHMus M. Bernhauer collection” / “FMNHINS3975866” (1 ♁ FMNH) ; “ Corupa ( Hansa Humbolt ) [- 26.43°, -49.24°], S. Cath. [Santa Catarina], Brazil, ix.1945” / “ A. Maller Coll. [leg.] Frank Johnson Donor” (3 ♁, 2 ♀ AMNH) ; “S. Catharina [Santa Catarina] Rio Capivari, Fruhstorfer [leg.] 1888”/ “ Xanthopygus chrysurus Nordm. Museum f. Naturkunde Berlin ( MFNB)” (1 ♁ MFNB) ; “S. Catharina [Santa Catarina] Rio Capivari, Fruhstorfer [leg.] 1888”/ “ Bernhauer det.” / “ Coll. Kraatz ” (1 ♀ SDEI); “♁” / “ Hansa Humbolt [-26.43°, -49.24°], Sta. Catharina [Santa Catarina], Brasilien Reitter [leg.]” / “ Emmerich. Reitter vend. viii.1939” / “ chrysurus Nordm ” / “ex. coll. Scheerpeltz ” / “Gift from Vienna Mus. 2008” (1 ♁, 1 ♀ NHMD) ; “ Hansa Humbolt [-26.43°, -49.24°], Sta. Catharina [Santa Catarina], Brasilien Reitter [leg.]” / “ Emmerich. Reitter vend. viii.1939” / “ chrysurus Nordm ” / “ex. coll. Scheerpeltz ” (8 ♁, 5 ♀ NMW); “♁” / “Brasilia St. Catharina [Santa Catarina]” / “ Xanthopygus chrysurus Nordm. ” / “ex. coll. Scheerpeltz ” (2 ♁ NMW) ; “Sta.” / “Catharina” / “ H. Schulz. ” / “ chrysurus Nordm ” / “ex. coll. Klima ” / “ex. coll. Scheerpeltz ” (1 ♀ NMW) ; “Urwald, Sierra Geral, S. Bras. Dr. Hensel ” (1 ♁ MFNB) ; “S. Catharina [Santa Catarina]” / “ Bernhauer det.” / “ Coll. Kraatz ” (1 ♁, 10 ♀ SDEI) ; “S. Catarina, Lüderwalt [leg.]” / “ Xanthopygus ” / “ chrysurus Ndm. det. Bernhauer ” / “Chicago NHMus M. Bernhauer collection” / “FMNHINS3975863” (1 ♁ FMNH) ; “ Brazil: São Paulo: Serra da Bocaina [NP], S. José [do] Barreiro [-22.65°, -44.58°], 1650 m, Nov[xi].1969, M. Alvarenga & Seabra [leg.] (1 ♁ AMNH); / “Klimer” / “ Sao Paulo H. Schulz ” / “ chrysurus Ndm. det. Bernhauer ” / “Chicago NHMus M. Bernhauer collection” / “FMNHINS3975865” (1 ♁ FMNH) ; “ Brasilia, ded. Kricghoff ” / “ chrysurus ” / “c. Epplsh. Steind. d.” (1 ♁ NMW) ; “Brasilien” / “ Bernhauer det.” / “ Coll. Kraatz ” / (1 ♁ SDEI); “ Brasil ” / “ chrysurus Nordm. ” / “ Coll. Kraatz ” (1 ♁ SDEI) ; “ S. America, Brazil ” / “Braz.” / “ Sharp coll. 1905- 313” / “ Xanthopygus chrysurus Nordm. M. Bernhauer det.” (1 ♁ BMNH) ; “ Brazil ” / “ X. chrysurus Nordm. ” / “M. Cameron Bequest. B.M. 1955-147” (1 ♁ BMNH) ; “ Brazil ” / “det. Bernhauer ” / “ Xanthopygus chrysurus Ndm. ” (1 ♁ BMNH) ; “ Fauvel ” / “1615” / “ P. de Borre. ” / “ Xanthopygus chrysurus ‘Brasilia’ MHNG ” (2 ♁ MHNG) ; “1615” / “ P. de Borre. ” / “ Xanthopygus chrysurus ‘Brasilia’ MHNG ” (4 ♁, 1 ♀ MHNG) ; “ Bresil Bescke ” / “ Xanthopygus chrysurus ‘Brasilia’ MHNG ” (1 ♁ MHNG) ; “ Paraguay: Caazapá Harmosa, prop. López family, San Rafael Reserve , bank Rio Tebicuary 80 m, 26°17’23’’S, 55°43’7’’W [-26.289°, -55.718°], 1–4 Dec [xii] 2000, Z. H. Falin [leg.] PAR1F00 107, ex: flight intercept trap ” / “SM0235953” (1 ♀ SEMC) ; “ Paraguay: Caazapá Harmosa, prop. Sosa family, San Rafael Reserve , 90 m, 26°19’15’’S, 55°44’55’W [-26.321°, -55.749°], 3–6 Dec [xii] 2000, Z.H. Falin [leg.] PAR1F00 099, ex: fermenting tree wound” / “SM0276644” (1 ♀ SEMC) ; “ Paso-Yobai [in Guairá, -25.75°, -56.43°], Foerster [leg.] (1 ♁, 1 ♀ CNC); “♁” / “ Paraguay, Umg. Villarica [Villarrica del Espirito Santo , -25.75°, -56.43°], leg. F. Schade ” / “Caaguazú” / “Feber 1949” / “ chrysurus Nordm ” / “ex. coll. Scheerpeltz ” (1 ♁ NMW) ; “ Paraguay: Itapúa, Yataí, prop. Hostettler family, San Rafael Reserve , 100 m, 26°38’17’’S, 55°39’50’’W [-26.638°, -55.805°], 21–25 Nov [xi] 2000, Z. H. Falin [leg.] PAR1F00 040, ex: flight intercept trap ” / “SM0235730” (1 ♀ SEMC) . All paratypes with label: “ Paratype Photinopygus akrodontis Chatzimanolis , des. Chatzimanolis 2022 ”.

Additional Materials. BRAZIL: Bahia: Sharp Coll. (2 ♀ BMNH) ; Espírito Santo: unknown locality, Fruhstorfer leg., Kraatz coll. (1 ♀ SDEI) ; unknown locality, Bernhauer coll., FMNHINS3975875 (1 ♀ FMNH) ; Rio de Janeiro: Nova Friburgo [-22.38°, -42.56°], F. Sahlberg leg., GAC.7919 (1 ♀ MZH) ; Santa Catarina: Nova Teutônia [Seara] [-27.25°, -50.33°], ii.1939, F. Plaumann leg. (2 ♀ BMNH) ; unknown locality, Bernhauer coll., FMNHINS3975870 (1 ♀ FMNH) ; São Paulo: Apiaí [-24.51°, -48.84°], Bernhauer coll., FMNHINS3975874 (1 ♀ FMNH) ; unknown locality, Bernhauer coll., FMNHINS3975872 (1 ♀ FMNH) .

Diagnosis. Photinopygus akrodontis belongs in the narrow pronotum species group. Photinopygus akrodontis and P. chrysurus can be distinguished from all other Photinopygus species (except P. tepidus ) by the shape of antennomere 5, which is quadrate or subquadrate (longer than wide in all other species). Photinopygus tepidus has antennomeres 4 and 5 quadrate, which distinguish it from P. akrodontis and P. chrysurus , where antennomere 4 is longer than wide. Photinopygus akrodontis can be distinguished from P. chrysurus by the shape of the aedeagus: in P. akrodontis , the median lobe (in lateral view) has a characteristic apical tooth and the paramere is shorter than the median lobe; in P. chrysurus , the paramere is much longer than the median lobe and the median lobe (in lateral view) has a subapical tooth.

Description. Forebody ( Fig. 7 ) length 5.7–6.3 mm. Color of head, pronotum and mesoscutellum dark brown to black; antennae dark brown to black; legs dark brown to black; elytra metallic blue with green or purple overtones; abdomen dark brown to black except segment 7 with posterior 5/6 orange (or completely orange) and segment 8 orange. Antenna ( Fig. 10 ) with antennomere 3 without tomentose pubescence; antennomere 4 with tomentose pubescence; antennomere 4 longer than wide; antennomeres 5–6 subquadrate; antennomeres 7–10 transverse. Head transverse; HW/HL ratio = 1.38–1.47. Left mandible with bicuspid tooth. Posterior margin of head slightly extended posteriad on each side of neck. Head with medium-sized punctures, distance between punctures as wide as 1–2 punctures. Pronotum ( Fig. 9 ) subquadrate; PW/PL ratio = 1–1.05. Lateral margins of pronotum in dorsal view posteriad of midpoint strongly converging; pronotum with 3–4 sparse rows of punctures on each half beside median impunctate line; distance between punctures as wide as 1–2 punctures but large areas of pronotum without punctures. EL/PL ratio = 1.39–1.40. Elytra with dense punctation; distance between punctures as wide as 0.5–1 punctures. Metepisternum covered with punctures (impunctate area less than 1/3). Abdomen with tergites 3–4 setose; tergites 3–5 with curved carina (arch-like). In males, sternite 7 without porose structure, sternite 7 with shallow and broad emargination posteriorly; sternite 8 with small U-shaped emargination posteriorly ( Fig. 8 ). Aedeagus as in Figs. 11–13 ; in dorsal view paramere converging to narrow pointed apex; paramere shorter and as wide as median lobe; in lateral view paramere becoming gradually narrower near tip; paramere with dense peg setae as in Fig. 13 . Median lobe in dorsal view converging to narrow rounded tip; in lateral view median lobe becoming much narrower near apex; median lobe with small hook-like subapical tooth.

Distribution. Known from the Paraná biogeographic dominion. Distributed in the provinces of Misiones in Argentina, the states of Bahia, Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, São Paulo in Brazil, and the departments of Caazapá, Itapúa and Guairá in Paraguay. Map is shown in Fig. 14 .

Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the Greek words άκρο (at the end) and δόντι (tooth), and refers to the shape of the paramere.

Habitat. Collected at low to mid (90–1650 m) elevations using FITs, pyrethrum fogging and from fermenting tree wounds.

Remarks. Most of the specimens placed in this species were previously identified as P. chrysurus . The two species can only be reliably distinguished by the male aedeagus and I have chosen to add to the type series only male specimens that were dissected and female specimens that could be associated with a male P. akrodontis specimen. All other female specimens that are probably P. akrodontis but cannot be associated with male specimens were placed in the Additional Materials section and are shown with a star on the distributional map.

Figures

FIGURE 14. Distribution map of P. akrodontis Chatzimanolis (circles for records that are confidently placed and stars for female specimens that are probably P. akrodontis but cannot be associated with male specimens, see text for more details) and P. chrysurus (Nordmann) (squares).

FIGURES 7–10. Photinopygus akrodontis Chatzimanolis. 7. Habitus. 8. Sternites 7–8. 9. Pronotum. 10. Antenna. Not to scale.

FIGURES 11–13. Aedeagus of Photinopygus akrodontis Chatzimanolis. 11. Lateral view. 12. Dorsal view. 13. Detail of paramere, ventral view.