Phtheochroa cantabriana, Zlatkov & Huemer, 2017

Zlatkov, Boyan & Huemer, Peter, 2017, Allopatric cryptic diversity in the alpine species complex Phtheochroa frigidana s. lat. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), European Journal of Taxonomy 368, pp. 1-25 : 18-20

Phtheochroa cantabriana sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AB5396E9-E6BF-487D-8CC3-D5E7F2B1674E

Figs 1 I–J, 2F, 3F, 7C–D, 9, 10; Table 1

Diagnosis

Externally, this species is practically indistinguishable from P. frigidana ; the same is valid for most of the genital characters, but the vesica is strikingly different. The general shape of the vesica resembles that of P. schawerdae and P. apenninana sp. nov. but in lateral left view its main part looks angular (not ovoid), and the angle between the axes of the phallus and right diverticulum (in dorsal view) is usually larger (more than 130°). The wing upperside colouration of P. cantabriana sp. nov. is much paler than that of P. schawerdae and P. apenninana sp. nov.

Etymology

The specific name is a feminine adjective derived from the name of the Cantabrian Mountains.

Material examined

Holotype

SPAIN: ♂, pinned, with partially spread wings, slightly worn, four labels: // ESPANA, Prov. Cantabria PN Picos de Europa Espinama, Portillas de Poqueion , 1340 m 4°46,53′ W, 43°08,92′ N 11.7.2012, leg. Huemer TLMF 2012-011 // BC TLMF Lep 08335 [green label] // Gen. prep. ♂ 1/ 11.7.2012 [genitalia slide number] // HOLOTYPE Phtheochroa cantabriana Zlatkov & Huemer, 2017 [red label] // ( TLMF).

Paratypes

SPAIN: 1 ♂, pinned, with partially spread wings, slightly worn, four labels: // ESPANA, Prov. Cantabria PN Picos de Europa Espinama, Portillas de Poqueion, 1340 m 4°46,53′ W, 43°08,92′ N 11.7.2012, leg. Huemer TLMF 2012-011 // BC TLMF Lep 08336 [green label] // Gen. prep. ♂ 2/ 11.7.2012 [genitalia slide number] // PARATYPE Phtheochroa cantabriana Zlatkov & Huemer, 2017 [red label] // ( TLMF); 1 ♂, pinned, with partially spread wings, slightly worn, three labels: // locality data label as preceding // BC TLMF Lep 08334 [green label] // Gen. prep. ♂ 3/ 11.7.2012 [genitalia slide number] // PARATYPE Phtheochroa cantabriana Zlatkov & Huemer, 2017 [red label] // ( TLMF); 1 ♂, well-preserved, with spread wings, five labels: // Spain, Cantabria Puerto San Glorio Picos [de] Europa, 1610 m 10.vi.1988 P. Stadel Nielsen [hand written] // ZMUC Tortricidae Spanish Revision specimen # 1341 [green label] // Coll. ZMUC, Copenhagen Denmark [yellow label] // DK Copenhagen Zool. Museum ♂ Genitalia slide No. 1/ 10.6.1988 // PARATYPE Phtheochroa cantabriana Zlatkov & Huemer, 2017 [red label] // ( ZMUC).

Description

Male ( Fig. 1 I–J)

HEAD. Frons beige, vertex creamy, labial palps long, pointed anterad, white dorsally, rust laterally and brown ventrally. Antennae with scapus and pedicellus dorsally rust, ventrally white, flagellum with white scales.

THORAX. Dorsally with white and grey scales, tegula the same but laterally rust, ventrally whitish, fore- and middle legs brownish, hind legs whitish. Forewing long and narrow with pointed apex, length 8.8–10.4 mm (x= 9.6 mm, n =4), upperside pale yellow with rust base, sometimes with rust dorsal blotch and subterminal fascia, cilia white, underside pale grey, with white scales in costal and anal areas. Hindwing upperside pale grey, cilia white with pale grey basal part, underside white with pale grey scales along veins R and M.

ABDOMEN. Grey.

GENITALIA ( Fig. 2F ). Curvature of valva weak, rest of valva, uncus and socii very similar to those of P. schawerdae . Transtilla ( Fig. 3F ) large, rectangular. Phallus ( Fig. 7 C–D) curved ventrally, medioventral process slender, pointed, with apex slightly curved to the right. Vesica in general resembles that of P. schawerdae , with large main part protruded at right from sclerotized phallus and two large diverticula bearing long, robust cornuti. Small, conical undulating structure (diverticulum) emerges ventrally from main part. Gonopore located dorsally, surrounded by semicylindrical sclerotized plate with minute tubercles. Main part medially constricted by circular furrow, in which gonopore is sunk. Main part of vesica looks angular in lateral left view. Diverticula emerge close to each other from right side, right one straight, emerging from dorsal half of right part and pointed posterolaterally, left one curved and oriented laterally. In dorsal view, axes of right diverticulum and sclerotized phallus usually form angle of 120–140°. Cornuti aciculate, capitate, of equal length, left one slightly bent. Barely discernible acanthae present on left portion of main part of vesica and at end of diverticula.

Female

Unknown.

Molecular data ( Table 1 , Fig. 9 )

BIN URI: BOLD:ACA9597. The maximum intraspecific divergence of the barcode region is 0.31% (n=3). The minimum distance to the nearest neighbour, P. frigidana , is 3.69%.

Ecology

Preimaginal stages and larval host plant are unknown. The moths fly in June–July. Habitat: the type material was collected in montane meadows.

Distribution ( Fig. 10 )

Cantabrian Mountains.

Figures

Fig. 1. Adults of Phtheochroa spp. A–D. P. schawerdae (Rebel, 1908) comb. nov. A. ♂, Bulgaria, Pirin Mts. B. ♂, Bulgaria, Rila Mts. C. ♀, Bulgaria, Rila Mts. D. ♂, Republic of Macedonia, Korab Mts. – E–F. P. alpinana sp. nov., France, Alpes Maritimes. E. Holotype, ♂. F. Paratype, ♀. – G. P. apenninana sp. nov., holotype, ♂, Italy, Gran Sasso National Park. – H. P. frigidana (Guenée, 1845) stat. rev., ♂, neotype of Eupoecilia frigidana, Andorra, Pyrenees. – I–J. P. cantabriana sp. nov., Spain, Picos de Europa National Park. I. Holotype, ♂. J. Paratype, ♂. Scale bar = 5 mm, all to scale.

Fig. 2. Male genitalia (without phalli) of Phtheochroa spp. A–B. P. schawerdae (Rebel, 1908) comb. nov. A. Bulgaria, Rila Mts. B. Republic of Macedonia, Korab Mts. – C. P. alpinana sp. nov., France, Alpes Maritimes, holotype. – D. P. apenninana sp. nov., Italy, Gran Sasso National Park, holotype. – E. P. frigidana (Guenée, 1845) stat. rev., Andorra, Pyrenees, neotype of Eupoecilia frigidana. – F. P. cantabriana sp. nov., Spain, Picos de Europa National Park, holotype. Scale bar = 250 µm, all to scale.

Fig. 3. Transtilla of Phtheochroa spp. A–B. P. schawerdae (Rebel, 1908) comb. nov., Bulgaria, Rila Mts. – C. P. alpinana sp. nov., France, Alpes Maritimes, holotype. – D. P. apenninana sp. nov., Italy, Gran Sasso National Park, holotype. – E. P. frigidana (Guenée, 1845) stat. rev., Andorra, Pyrenees, neotype of Eupoecilia frigidana. – F. P. cantabriana sp. nov., Spain, Picos de Europa National Park, paratype. Scale bar = 250 µm, all to scale.

Fig. 7. Phalli with vesica everted of Phtheochroa spp. A–B. P. frigidana (Guenée, 1845) stat. rev., Andorra, Pyrenees, neotype of Eupoecilia frigidana. – C–D. P. cantabriana sp. nov., Spain, Picos de Europa National Park, holotype. A, C: left. B, D: dorsal. Abbreviations as in Figs 5–6. Scale bar = 250 µm.

Fig. 9. Maximum likelihood tree (built with MEGA6) of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) barcode fragments. Values at the nodes are bootstrap support values based on 500 replicates.

Fig. 10. Distribution of the Phtheochroa frigidana s. lat. species complex based on examined material.