Polygonanthus punctulatus Kuhlmann (1940: 80)

Chen, Xin, He, Hai & Zhang, Li-Bing, 2015, A monograph of the Anisophylleaceae (Cucurbitales) with description of 18 new species of Anisophyllea, Phytotaxa 229 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

2. Polygonanthus punctulatus Kuhlmann (1940: 80) ( Figure 140 )

Type :— BRAZIL. Amazonas : Curicuriary affl. Rio Negro, 25 November 1936, A. Ducke 37727 (holotype BR-00543455, isotypes K-000485194!, K-000485195!, LIL-000957!, S-R-10857!, U-0181910!, US-00117550!) .

Small trees; young branches ±compressed, grayish adaxially and castaneous abaxially, branches of current year sericeous or sparsely pilose (with hairs 0.2–0.6 mm long), or nearly glabrous, glabrescent and longitudinally striate when mature. Leaves dimorphic, internodes between similar types of leaves 0.6–2.3 cm long, between two adjacent different types of leaves 3–5 mm long; small leaves caducous, only leaving very small scars on twigs; large leaves subsessile; leaf blade oblong-lanceolate, or oblong-elliptic, 5–9(–9.5) cm long, 1.2–4.0 cm wide, base strongly oblique, obtuse, apex abruptly acute or obtusely attenuate, margins often slightly revolute, rigidly subcoriaceous, glabrous and almost in same color on both surfaces, yellowish and lustrous or dull adaxially when dry, moderately with minute black dots abaxially; veins pinnate, midrib bold, prominent adaxially and distinctly raised abaxially; secondary veins eucamptodromous, arising at angles of 55–60° from midrib, or distal secondary veins brochidodromous, dominant secondary veins above blade base usually acrodromous; tertiary veins straight, percurrent, at right angles from both sides of secondary veins; quaternary veins form regular polygonal domains, often parallel to secondary veins in elongate sides; veinlets reticulate, tessellate and slightly prominent on both suirfaces. Inflorescence supra-axillary or terminal, spike or panicle-spike; rachis 2.0– 3.5 cm long, 0.8–1.1 mm in diam., shortly pilose with dark-brown tortuous hairs ca. 0.16 mm, remote with flowers; bracts small, ovate-oblong, 1.1–1.5 mm long, ca. 0.5 mm wide, pilose as rachis outside, margins ciliate, early deciduous, each with one axillary

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CHEN ET AL.

flower; flower buds sessile, obovate, to 1.6 mm long, 1.3 mm in diam., glabrous; flowers unisexual; female flowers rarely found in specimen, nearly glabrous, to 10 mm long; petals deltoid-ovate, to 2 mm long, shortly papillose on both sides; with staminodes; styles and ovary glabrous. male flowers 4-merous, or very rarely 5-merous, obovate, to 3 mm long, glabrous outside; sepals connate at base, thick, distally involute-valvate, apex with inflexed threadlike appendages inside; petals ±cucullate-spatulate, to 1 mm long, base attenuate, apex obtuse to subtruncate, thickly papillose on both surfaces and margins; stamens not exserted, anthers orbicular, filaments dilated and glandular at base, distally and with anthers inflexed, glabrous, margins papillose; pistil rudimentary, styles subulate, sulcate inside, nearly glabrous. Fruits sessile, to 2 cm long, apex with 4 wings.

MONOGRAPH OF ANISOPHYLLEACEAE

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Flowering and fruiting: —November–?.

Habitat and distribution: — In flood forests; below 150 m. Brazil (Amazonas) ( Figure 141 ) .

Taxonomic notes: — Polygonanthus punctulatus is the second known species in this genus. It is very similar to P. amazonicus , from which it differs in its blades with minute black dots, smaller flowers and with cucullate-spatulate shaped petals in male flowers, shorter and non-exserted stamens. It is also only found in Amazonas of Brazil.

Additional specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Amazonas : rio Miriti, 40 km de la Pedrera, 120 m, 20 November 1994, D. Cardenas, D. Giraldo & E . Yukuna 6034 ( NY).

Figures

FIGURE 140. Polygonanthus punctulatus Kuhlmann. Flowering and fruiting branches (D. Cardenas, D. Giraldo & E. Yukuna 6034, NY).

FIGURE 141. Geographical distribution of Polygonanthus punctulatus Kuhlmann.