Praocis (Praocis) spinolai Gay & Solier, 1840

Flores, Gustavo E. & Pizarro-Araya, Jaime, 2012, Systematic revision of the South American genus Praocis Eschscholtz, 1829 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Part 1: Introduction and subgenus Praocis s. str., Zootaxa 3336, pp. 1-35 : 23-25

Praocis (Praocis) spinolai Gay & Solier, 1840

( Figs. 3 − 4 , 22 , 28 )

Praocis spinolai Gay & Solier in Solier, 1840: 223 (rev.); Solier, 1851: 188 (rev.); Lacordaire, 1859: 213; Gemminger & Harold, 1870: 1906 (cat.); Philippi, 1887: 733 (cat.); Gebien, 1910: 261 (cat.); Gebien, 1938: 398 (cat.); Blackwelder, 1945: 523 (cat.); Kulzer, 1958: 20 (rev.); Peña, 1966: 430 (cat.); Vidal & Guerrero, 2007: 73, 217; Flores, 2007: 417 (lectot.); Pizarro-Araya et al., 2008: 273 (list); Alfaro et al., 2009: 126 (biog.).

Redescription. Length 8.0–14.0 mm. Body black, antennae dark brown, legs black to dark brown. Head. Clypeus and frons with round punctures each with a central seta; antennae reaching midpoint of lateral margin of pronotum; antennomere 9 longer than wide, with apical tomentose sensory patches arranged in two areas separated dorsally; antennomere 10 as wide as antennomere 11. Thorax. Pronotum widest behind midpoint; disc glabrous or with setae, lateral quarters with fine golden setae; punctures of disc same size as punctures of elytron; width of anterior margin not exceeding half the width of posterior margin; lateral quarters convex, dorsal surface of lateral margin bearing a row of short golden setae ( Fig. 3 ); posterior angles acute, apex pointed ( Fig. 22 ); prosternum horizontal, with edge on anterior margin broadened below gula; prosternal process produced backwards, not reaching the midpoint of the space between pro– and mesocoxae (as in Fig. 13 ); prosternum and mesosternum with punctures. Elytron with two or three carinae equidistant between suture and lateral margin and three or four grooves bearing short, broad, golden, scaly setae ( Fig. 4 ), intervals carina–shaped, wider than grooves; the inner groove runs from apex of elytron reaching only the posterior third, not surpassing the midpoint of elytron towards anterior, parallel with the inner groove of the other elytron, the medial groove runs from apex of elytron reaching the base towards anterior, the third and fourth outer grooves are very close together (or only the third groove) and run over lateral margin from apex of elytron reaching the base towards anterior ( Fig. 22 ); dorsal surface glabrous; pseudopleuron with long setae arising on punctures; epipleuron with short setae arising on protuberances, with a row of setae on the edge of anterior quarter. Legs. Ventral surface of meso– and metafemora with a row of setae on posterior edge. Inner surface of meso– and metatibiae with long, fine setae. Metatibiae straight. Male genitalia. Rods of sterna IX “V”-shaped. Basal lamina of tegmen equal width throughout, with base concave. Lateral styles of tegmen with proximal margin ventrally bisinuate, widest at base, with setae on distal 1/5 of ventral surface. Median lobe moderate (0.75 <L/T ≤ 1.00), distally broadened, with apical aperture large and apex rounded. Female genitalia. Paraprocts moderate (1.2 ≤ P/C ≤ 2.0); baculi of coxite inclined 45°; proctigeral baculus extending proximad much beyond paraproct baculus; apicodorsal lobe of proctiger extending about ½ length of coxite.

Type material. Lectotype: [spino/ lae] [Coquimbo/ Gay] [ Praocis / spinolae / Sol./ Coquimbo] [Type] [ Praocis / spinolai Sol. / Type de Solier/ Col. Marseul/ C. Girard det. 1975] [Lectotypus / Praocis spinolai / Gay et Solier, 1840 / Des. G. Flores 2005] ( MNHN) . Two paralectotypes same data as lectotype, except the second label ( MNHN) . Note: Flores (2007: 417) designated lectotype and paralectotypes.

Other material examined. CHILE. Atacama Region: Huasco Province: 10 km SE Carrizalillo , S Atacama, 25.x.1957, L.E. Peña, 2 ( FMNH), Aguada Tongoy-Huasco , 19.xi.2005, F. Alfaro, 10 ( LEULS), Chañaral de Aceituno , 29º03´15,8´´ S, 71º25´49,5´´ W, 94,5 msl, 7.ix.2002, J. Pizarro-Araya, 12 ( LEULS), Agua de Luna , 15.ii.2007, F. Alfaro, 1 ( LEULS), Bahía Sarco , 19–21.viii.2008, F. Alfaro, 1 ( LEULS). Coquimbo Region: Elqui Province : Choros Bajos , La Higuera , xi.2002, G. Castillo, 2 ( IADIZA), G. Castillo, 1 ( LEULS), Los Choros , 19.x.2002, G. Arancio, 9 ( LEULS), 1.xi.1961, L.E. Peña, 1 ( FMNH), 10.xi.1981, L.E. Peña, 1 ( FMNH), 29.ix.1980, L.E. Peña, 1 ( FMNH), Punta de Choros , 6.xi.2002, J. Pizarro-Araya, 2 ( LEULS), 18.xi.2005, J. Pizarro-Araya, 6 ( LEULS), 1 ( IADIZA), 6.xi.2002, J. Pizarro-Araya, 4 ( LEULS), 14.ix.2002, S. Vega, 1 ( IADIZA), 09.ix.2007, A. González, 5 ( LEULS), Punta de Choros, sitio 4, 7.viii.2005, V. Rodríguez, 8 ( LEULS), 8.viii.2005, J. Pizarro-Araya, 9 ( LEULS), 2.vi.2005, V. Rodríguez, 1 ( IADIZA), 4.vi.2005, D. Valdivia, 2 ( LEULS), 27.viii.2005, S. Espinoza, 2 ( LEULS), 6.x.2005, C. Saavedra, 1 ( IADIZA), 7.x.2005, P. Gachón, 1 ( LEULS), 7.x.2005, V. Rodríguez, 1 ( LEULS), 8.x.2005, J. Pizarro-Araya, 2 ( IADIZA), 28.viii.2005, J. PizarroAraya , 1 ( LEULS), 15.i.2007, F. Alfaro & J. Pizarro-Araya, 3 ( LEULS), 1 ( IADIZA), Llano Los Choros , 15.xi.2007, J. Pizarro-Araya, 1 ( LEULS), Isla Choros , 5.viii.2006, S. Espinoza, 5 ( LEULS), 1 ( IADIZA), 15.iv.2006, S. Espinoza & D. Valdivia, 17 ( LEULS), 03–06.viii.2006, J. Pizarro-Araya & P. Gachón, 4 ( LEULS), Isla Damas , 03.viii.2006, D. Valdivia & F. Alfaro, 2 ( LEULS), 15.iv.2006, P. Agusto & F. Alfaro, 6 ( LEULS), 1 ( IADIZA), Isla Gaviota , 20.x.2006, J. Pizarro-Araya, 17 ( LEULS), 3–6.viii.2006, C. Romero & C. Saavedra, 5 ( LEULS), 7.xi.2002, J. Pizarro-Araya 1 ( LEULS), 1 ( IADIZA), Totoralillo Norte , 1.v.2004, L. S. Espinoza, 1 ( LEULS), N Cuesta Buenos Aires, 21.x.1975, L.E. Peña, 2 ( FMNH), Totoralillo Norte, 21.viii.2009, J. PizarroAraya , 1 ( LEULS), Quebrada Santa Gracia , 19.i.2002, L. S. Espinoza, 1 ( LEULS), 1.ix.2004, L. S. Espinoza, 1 ( LEULS), Cuesta Porotitos , 16.viii.2009, J. Pizarro-Araya, 2 ( LEULS), Las Compañías , 6.xii.1992, P. Plandiura, 1 ( LEULS), 06.xii.1992, L. Jorquera, 1 ( LEULS), La Serena , xi.1970, J. Peralta, 1 ( UCCC), 5.ix.1968, Cekalovic , 1 ( UCCC), Parque Cendyr, La Serena , 9.ii. 2009, 127 m, 29º 55´20´´, 71º 14´17´´ W, G. y L. Flores, 2 ( IADIZA), Colina El Pino, La Serena , 23.viii.2003, J. Pizarro-Araya, 4 ( IADIZA), 9 ( LEULS), Coquimbo , 27.xi.1992, C. Bravo, 2 ( LEULS), 2.x.1983, A. Roig ( LEULS), 10 km S Coquimbo, 2.x.1983, A. Roig, 1 ( IADIZA), Peñuelas , 25.i.1929, L.E. Peña, 1 ( FMNH), Sindempart , 30.iv.2010, C. Valdivia, 1 ( LEULS), La Pampilla , 1.xi.1957, L.E. Peña, 1 ( IADIZA), 16.xi.1946, L.E. Peña, 1 ( FMNH), El Tanque , 29.x.1965, L.E. Peña, 1 ( FMNH), 21.x.2005, J. Pizarro-Araya, 2 ( LEULS), Lagunillas, 20.ix.2007, G. Flores & J. Pizarro-Araya, 1 ( LEULS), 15.xi.2003, J. Pizarro-Araya, 6 ( LEULS), Terrazas de Lagunillas , 22.iv.2004, P. Agusto, 2 ( LEULS), Herradura a Guanaqueros , 3.ix.1947, L.E. Peña, 2 ( FMNH), 1 ( IADIZA), Guanaqueros , S. Roig, x.1992, 1 ( IADIZA), 1 ( LEULS), Tongoy , 7.ix.1947, L.E. Peña, 1 ( FMNH), El Molle , 14.ix.2002, S. Vega, 15 ( LEULS), 1 ( IADIZA), x.1958, L.E. Peña, 1 ( FMNH), Diaguitas , 13.viii.2004, P. Agusto, 7 ( LEULS), 13.x.2004, P. Agusto, 1 ( LEULS), Vicuña a Hurtado, 10 km E Vicuña , 8.x.1998, P. Vidal, 2 ( PVGH), Dos Ríos , 20.iv.2002, L. Moreno, 1 ( LEULS). Limarí Province: Cerro Cruz Verde , Andacollo , 21.viii.2003, P. Agusto, 2 ( LEULS), Andacollo, 17.vii.2007, J. Pizarro-Araya, 1 ( LEULS), Ovalle , 28.ii.2010, C. Valdivia, 1 ( LEULS), Pichasca , 23.ii.2005, P. Agusto, 1 ( LEULS), Cruce Oruro , 20.x.1996, 29º 47´02´´ S, 71º 18´18´´ W, P. Vidal, 2 ( PVGH), Fray Jorge, 16.ix.1963, Gleisner , 1 ( UCCC), P.N. Fray Jorge, 5.viii.1953, L.E. Peña, 1 ( FMNH), 16.ix.1955, R.H. González, 1 ( FMNH), 6.xi.1980, L.E. Peña, 2 ( FMNH), 9.ix.1991, H.V.C., 1 ( LEULS), 9.x.1999, G. Castillo, 2 ( IADIZA), 7–8.xi.2001, J. Pizarro-Araya, 3 ( IADIZA), 6 ( LEULS), Talinay , vi.1968, L.E. Peña, 2 ( FMNH), 5.x.1990, P. Vidal, 1 ( PVGH), Socos , 18.ix.1947, L.E. Peña, 2 ( FMNH), 28.x.1965, L.E. Peña, 1 ( FMNH), 15.xi.2003, J. Pizarro-Araya, 6 ( LEULS), Los Loros, desembocadura Río Limarí , 20.ix.1969, L.E. Peña, 1 ( FMNH), Alcones , 10.x.2008, J. Pizarro-Araya, 1 ( LEULS), El Peñón , 1.xi.1957, L.E. Peña, 1 ( FMNH), Trapiche , 18.i.1969, H. Sielfeld, 1 ( UCCC), Punta Talca , 21.xi.1967, L.E. Peña, 2 ( FMNH), without more precise data, 2 ( RBINS). Choapa Province: Puerto Oscuro , 23.ix.2004, J. Pizarro-Araya, 2 ( LEULS), Los Vilos , 20.x.2008, J. Pizarro-Araya, 1 ( LEULS), 20.iv.2010, E. Madariaga, 1 ( LEULS).

Geographic distribution. Chile (Atacama Region: Huasco Province to Coquimbo Region: Choapa Province), in the Coquimbo biogeographic province.

Figures

FIGURE 28. Geographical distribution of four species of Praocis (Praocis): P. (P.) marginata, P. (P.) rufipes, P. (P.) spinolai, and P. (P.) subaenea.

FIGURES 1 − 4. Scanning electron micrographs of body details of Praocis (Praocis) species. 1. Praocis (P.) subaenea, head in dorsal view. 2. P. (P.) bicentenario sp. nov., antennomeres 9 – 11 in dorsal view. 3. P. (P.) spinolai, lateral margin of pronotum in dorsal view. 4. P. (P.) spinolai, scaly setae of elytron into a groove.

FIGURES 21 − 26. Habitus in dorsal view. 21. Praocis (Praocis) elliptica; 22. P. (P.) spinolai; 23. P. (P.) medvedevi sp. nov., holotype; 24. P. (P.) aenea; 25. P. (P.) tibialis; 26. P. (P.) parva.

FIGURES 5 − 14. Male and female genitalia and body details of Praocis (Praocis) species. 5. Fore tibia and tarsus in anterior view of Praocis (P.) sanquinolenta. 6 − 9: Male: 6, 7. P. (P.) rufipes, dorsal and ventral views; 8, 9. P. (P.) elliptica, dorsal and ventral views. Abbreviations: bl, basal lamina of tegmen, ls, lateral styles of tegmen, ml, median lobe. 10. Ovipositor (ventral view), spiculum and internal female reproductive tract of P. (P.) hirtella. Abbreviations: c, coxite, o, oviduct, p, paraproct, s, spermatheca, sag, spermathecal accessory gland, sp, spiculum, v, vagina. 11 – 14. Prosternum and mesosternun, lateral aspect. 11. P. (P.) costata; 12. P. (P.) quadrisulcata; 13. P. (P.) elliptica; 14. P. (P.) marginata. Abbreviations: p, prosternum, m, mesosternum. Scale bars: 1 mm.