Procamallaninae Yeh

Luque, José L., Aguiar, Julio C., Vieira, Fabiano M., Gibson, David I. & Santos, Cláudia Portes, 2011, 3082, Zootaxa 3082, pp. 1-88 : 33-37

Subfamily Procamallaninae Yeh

Procamallanus (Denticamallanus) dentatus Moravec & Thatcher —adult—FW—intestine

Host: Bryconops alburnoides .

Locality: Amazonas River Basin—AM.

References: Moravec & Thatcher (1997a), Moravec (1998), Thatcher (2006), Eiras et al. (2010). Procamallanus (Procamallanus) annipetterae Kohn & Fernandes —adult—FW—intestine

Syn.: Procamallanus petterae Kohn & Fernandes

Hosts: Hypostomus albopunctatus , H. cochliodon .

Locality: Iguaçu River Basin— PR .

References: Kohn et al. (1988), Kohn & Fernandes (1988a,b), Moravec & Sey (1988), Rodrigues et al. (1991), Thatcher (1991, 2006), Moravec (1998), Vicente & Pinto (1999), Eiras et al. (2010). Procamallanus (Procamallanus) peraccuratus Pinto, Fábio, Noronha & Rolas —adult—FW—intestine

Hosts: Australoheros facetus , Cichla ocellaris , Crenicichla lepidota , Geophagus brasiliensis , Gymnotus carapo , Hoplias malabaricus , Pimelodus ortmanni , Potamotrygon motoro , Schizodon nasutus , Trachelyopterus striatulus .

Localities: Cupido, Engano, Itaunas Rivers and Juparanã Lake, Santa Tereza—ES; Guandú River —RJ; Iguaçu River Basin— PR; Paraná; Pirassununga—SP; Upper Parana River .

References: Pinto et al. (1976), Vicente & Pinto (1981, 1999), Kohn et al. (1985), Vicente et al. (1985), Kohn et al. (1988, 1989), Rodrigues et al. (1991), Thatcher (1991, 2006), Moravec et al. (1993b), Pavanelli et al. (2004), Takemoto et al. (2009), Azevedo et al. (2010), Carvalho et al. (2010), Eiras et al. (2010), Mesquita et al. (2011).

Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) amarali Vaz & Pereira —adult—FW—intestine

Hosts: Leporinus copelandii , L. elongatus , L. friderici , L. obtusidens , Leporinus sp.

Localities: Upper Paraná River— PR; Pirassununga, Tietê River , Salto —SP .

References: Vaz & Pereira (1934), Yamaguti (1961), Pinto et al. (1974, 1975), Bührnheim (1976), Vicente et al. (1985), Kohn & Fernandes (1987), Rodrigues et al. (1991), Thatcher (1991, 2006), Moravec (1998), Guidelli et al. (2006), Takemoto et al. (2009), Eiras et al. (2010).

Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) barroslimai Pereira —Unspecified stage of development—FW—intestine Hosts: Clupeidae gen. sp., “Sardinha”, Triportheus sp.

Localities: Amazonas River Basin—AM; Cruzeta—RN.

References: Pereira (1935), Yamaguti (1961), Pinto & Noronha (1976), Vicente & Pinto (1981), Vicente et al. (1985), Thatcher (1991, 2006), Moravec (1998), Eiras et al. (2010).

Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) belenensis Giese, Santos & Lanfredi —adult—FW—intestine

Host: Ageneiosus ucayalensis .

Locality: Guajará Bay Belém—PA.

References: Giese et al. (2009).

Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) caballeroi Bashirullah —adult—FW—intestine

Host: Astyanax altiparanae .

Locality: Upper Paraná River— PR.

References: Pavanelli et al. (2004), Takemoto et al. (2009), Eiras et al. (2010).

Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) cruzi Guimarães, Cristofaro & Rodrigues —adult—MAR

Hosts and site of infection: Mullus argentinae (intestine), Polydactylus virginicus (intestine and stomach). Localities: Salvador —BA; Rio de Janeiro—RJ.

References: Guimarães et al. (1976), Vicente et al. (1985), Rodrigues et al. (1991), Luque et al. (2002). Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) freitasi (Moreira, Oliveira & Costa)—adult—FW—intestine

Hosts: Bergiaria westermanni , Pimelodus maculatus , Pimelodus sp ..

Locality: São Francisco River—MG.

References: Moreira et al. (1991), Rodrigues et al. (1991), Moravec (1998), Vicente & Pinto (1999), Brasil- Sato (2003), Eiras et al. (2010).

Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) halitrophus (Fusco & Overstreet) —adult—MAR—intestine

Hosts: Citharichthys macrops , Syacium papillosum .

Locality: Rio de Janeiro —RJ.

References: Cárdenas & Lanfredi (2005), Cárdenas et al. (2005).

Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) hilarii Vaz & Pereira —adult and larva—FW—intestine

Syn.: Spirocamallanus hilarii Vaz & Pereira ; Procamallanus (S.) cearensis Pereira, Dias & Azevedo ; P. cearensis

Pereira, Dias & Azevedo; P. (Isospiculus) cearensis (Pereira, Dias & Azevedo) ; S. incarocai Freitas & Ibáñes Hosts : Acestrorhynchus microlepis (unspecified), Astyanax bimaculatus (adult), A. fasciatus (adult), A. parahybae (adult), Hoplias lacerdae (adult), H. malabaricus (adult), Oligosarcus macrolepis (adult), Rhamdia quelen (adult), Salminus hilarii (adult), Steindachnerina elegans (adult and larva), Trichomycterus piurae (unspecified).

Localities: Fortaleza, Porangaba, Soure, Tauapé—CE; Atuba, Santo Amaro, Curitiba, Iguaçú River, Paraná—PR; Guandu River—RJ; Passo Fundo Reservoir, Uruguay River—RS; Pirassununga—SP.

References: Vaz & Pereira (1934), Pereira et al. (1936), Yamaguti (1961), Pinto et al. (1974), Bührnheim (1976), Pinto & Noronha (1976), Vicente & Pinto (1981, 1999), Vicente et al. (1985), Kohn & Fernandes (1987), Kohn et al. (1988, 1989), Rodrigues et al. (1991), Thatcher (1991, 2006), Moravec (1998), Abdallah et al. (2004), Azevedo et al. (2010), Eiras et al. (2010).

Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) iheringi Travassos , Artigas & Pereira—adult—FW

Hosts and site of infection: Anostominae gen. sp. (intestine, pyloric caeca), Astyanax fasciatus (intestine), Characidae gen. sp. (unspecified), Hoplias malabaricus (intestine), Hoplias sp. (intestine, pyloric caeca), Leporinus copelandii (intestine), L. elongatus (intestine), L. fasciatus (intestine), L. friderici (intestine), L. obtusidens (intestine), L. octofasciatus (intestine), Leporinus sp. (intestine), Salminus hilarii (intestine), Schizodon borellii (intestine), S. fasciatus (intestine), S. nasutus (intestine), Tetragonopterinae gen. sp. (intestine, pyloric caeca), Tetragonopterus sp. (intestine), Zungaro zungaro (intestine).

Localities: Linhares—ES; Nova Ponte Dam, Perdizes—MG; Paraná, Upper Paraná River— PR; Paraná River, Pirassununga, Porto Cabral—SP.

References: Travassos et al. (1928), Travassos & Freitas (1948), Yamaguti (1961), Travassos & Kohn (1965), Pinto et al. (1974, 1975), Pinto & Noronha (1976), Vicente & Pinto (1981, 1999), Kohn et al. (1985), Vicente et al. (1985), Kohn & Fernandes (1987), Rodrigues et al. (1991), Thatcher (1991, 2006), Moravec et al. (1993b), Pavanelli et al. (1997, 2004), Feltran et al. (2004), Guidelli et al. (2006), Takemoto et al. (2009), Eiras et al. (2010).

Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) inopinatus (Travassos, Artigas & Pereira)—adult—FW

Syn.: Spirocamallanus inopinatus (Travassos, Artigas & Pereira); Procamallanus fariasi Pereira ; P. wrighti

Pereira; S. wrighti Olsen ; P. (Isospiculus) wrighti Ali ; P. probus Pinto & Fernandes ; P. (S.) wrighti Pereira

Hosts and site of infection: Acestrorhynchus falcatus (unspecified), Ageneiosus inermis (unspecified), Astronotus ocellatus (intestine), Astyanax altiparanae (intestine), A.bimaculatus (intestine), A. fasciatus (intestine), A. lacustris (unspecified), A. schubarti (intestine), Astyanax sp. (intestine), Brycon amazonicus (intestine), B. cephalus (intestine), B. falcatus (intestine), B. hilarii (intestine, pyloric caeca), B. orthotaenia (intestine), Brycon sp. (intestine), Calophysus macropterus (intestine), Charax gibbosus , Cichla keberi (intestine), Crenicichla haroldoi (intestine), Galeocharax humeralis (intestine), Hoplias malabaricus (intestine, pyloric caecum), Leporellus vittatus (unspecified), Leporinus agassizii (intestine), L. copelandii (intestine), L. elongatus (intestine), L. fasciatus (intestine), L. friderici (intestine), L. lacustris (intestine), L. obtusidens (intestine), L. octofasciatus (intestine), L. piau (intestine), L. reinhardti (intestine), L. striatus (intestine), L. taeniatus (intestine), Leporinus sp. (intestine), Metynnis lippincottianus (unspecified), Myleus asterias (intestine), M. schomburgkii (unspecified), Pimelodus blochii (intestine), Potamotrygon motoro (intestine), Prochilodus lineatus (intestine), Pterodoras granulosus (intestine), Pygocentrus nattereri (intestine), P. piraya (intestine), Pygocentrus sp. (intestine), Salminus brasiliensis (intestine), S. hilarii (intestine), Schizodon borellii (intestine), S. knerii (intestine), S. nasutus (intestine), Serrasalmus brandtii (intestine), S. gouldingi (unspecified), S. maculatus (unspecified), S. manueli (unspecified), S. marginatus (intestine), S. spilopleura (intestine), Trachydoras paraguayensis (intestine), Triportheus paranensis (unspecified).

Localities: Manaus, Negro and Solimões Rivers— AM; Juruparanã Lagoon—ES; Alfenas, Harmonia, Perdizes, São Francisco River, Três Marias Reservoir— MG; Juba River, Pantanal, Salobra— MT; Cachimbo, Curuá River —PA; Areia, Patos—PB; Paulistana— PI; Paraná, Upper Paraná River — PR; Campos , Rio de Janeiro, Guandu River —RJ; Cruzeta , Caicó —RN; Machado River , Porto Velho —RO; Aguaí , Campinas , Paraná River , Pirassununga , Porto Cabral —SP .

References: Travassos et al. (1928), Pereira (1935), Yamaguti (1961), Travassos & Kohn (1965), Kloss (1966), Pinto & Fernandes (1972), Pinto & Noronha (1972, 1976), Pinto et al. (1974, 1975, 1976), Santos et al. (1979), Vicente & Pinto (1981, 1999), Fábio (1982), Kohn et al. (1985), Vicente et al. (1985), Kohn & Fernandes (1987), Petter & Thatcher (1988), Rodrigues et al. (1991), Thatcher (1991, 2006), Moravec et al. (1993b), Moreira et al. (1994, 2009, 2010), Pavanelli et al. (1997, 2004), Andrade et al. (2001), Brasil-Sato (2003), Feltran et al. (2004), Adriano et al. (2005), Guidelli et al. (2006), Saraiva et al. (2006a,b), Andrade & Malta (2006), Azevedo et al. (2007 c, 2010), Araujo et al. (2009a), Takemoto et al. (2009), Eiras et al. (2010), Takemoto & Lizama (2010), Vicentin et al. (2011).

Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) macaensis Vicente & Santos —adult

Syn.: P. macaensis Vicente & Santos

Hosts and site of infection: “Cara suja” (MAR—intestine), Chaetodipterus faber (MAR—intestine), Dactylopterus volitans (MAR—intestine), Menticirrhus americanus (MAR—intestine), Micropogonias undulatus (MAR—intestine), Paralonchurus brasiliensis (MAR—intestine), Plagioscion auratus (FW— intestine), Thyrsitops lepidopoides (MAR—intestine), Urophycis brasiliensis (MAR) , Urophycis sp. (MAR—intestine).

Locality: Macaé—RJ.

References: Vicente & Santos (1972, 1973), Pinto et al. (1974), Pinto & Noronha (1976), Vicente et al. (1985), Rodrigues et al. (1991), Alves et al. (2004), Cordeiro & Luque (2005b).

Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) paraensis Pinto & Noronha —adult—FW—intestine

Hosts: Erythrinus erythrinus , “Jeju”.

Localities: Amazonas River Basin—AM; Cachimbo—PA.

References: Pinto & Noronha (1976), Vicente & Pinto (1981), Vicente et al. (1985), Rodrigues et al. (1991), Thatcher (1991, 2006), Moravec (1998), Eiras et al. (2010).

Remark: Thatcher (2006) suggested that the “Jeju” may be an erythrinid.

Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) pereirai Annereaux —adult—MAR

Hosts: Atlantoraja castelnaui (spiral valve), Menticirrhus americanus (intestine), Micropogonias furnieri (intestine), Nebris microps (intestine), Paralonchurus brasiliensis (intestine), Porichthys porosissimus (intestine), Stellifer brasiliensis (intestine), Symphurus tessellatus (intestine).

Localities: Araruama, Rio de Janeiro —RJ; Coast —RS.

References: Pinto et al. (1984), Rodrigues et al. (1991), Santos et al. (1999), Knoff et al. (2001), Ribeiro et al. (2002), Luque et al. (2003).

Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) pexatus Pinto, Fábio, Noronha & Rolas —adult—FW—intestine

Host: Pygidium brasiliensis .

Locality: Santa Tereza—ES.

References: Pinto et al. (1976), Vicente & Pinto (1981), Vicente et al. (1985), Rodrigues et al. (1991), Thatcher (1991, 2006), Moravec (1998), Eiras et al. (2010).

Remark: The host genus has been considered as a genus inquirendum ( Pinna & Wosiacki, 2003; Ferraris, 2007; Eschmeyer, 2010).

Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) pimelodus Pinto, Fábio, Noronha & Rolas —adult—FW—intestine

Syn.: P. intermedius Pinto, Fábio, Noronha &. Rolas

Hosts: Iheringichthys labrosus , Pimelodella lateristriga , P. blochii , P. maculatus , P. ortmanni , Pimelodus sp. , Synodontis clarias .

Localities: Porto Esperança—MT; Pantanal—MT; Paraná, Upper Paraná River— PR; Paraná River, Pirassununga—SP.

References: Pinto et al. (1974, 1976), Vicente et al. (1985), Kohn & Fernandes (1987), Kohn et al. (1988), Rêgo & Vicente (1988b), Rodrigues et al. (1991), Thatcher (1991, 2006), Moravec et al. (1993b), Moravec (1998), Vicente & Pinto (1999), Moreira et al. (2005), Takemoto et al. (2009), Eiras et al. (2010).

Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) pintoi (Kohn & Fernandes) —adult—FW—intestine

Syn. S. pintoi Kohn & Fernandes

Hosts: Corydoras aeneus , C. paleatus .

Locality: Paraná, Upper Paraná River— PR.

References: Kohn et al. (1988), Kohn & Fernandes (1988a), Rodrigues et al. (1991), Thatcher (1991, 2006), Moravec (1998), Vicente & Pinto (1999), Ito et al. (2005), Eiras et al. (2010).

Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) rarus Travassos , Artigas & Pereira—adult—FW—intestine

Hosts: Ageneiosus ucayalensis , “ Bagre ”, Pimelodella lateristriga , Pimelodus albicans , P. maculatus , Rhinodoras dorbignyi , Serrasalmus sp. , Synodontis clarias .

Localities: Belém, Guajará Bay—PA; Pirassununga—SP.

References: Travassos et al. (1928), Yamagutti (1961), Travassos & Kohn (1965), Pinto et al. (1974), Vicente & Pinto (1981), Vicente et al. (1985), Kohn & Fernandes (1987), Rodrigues et al. (1991), Thatcher (1991, 2006), Giese et al. (2009), Eiras et al. (2010).

Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) saofranciscensis (Moreira, Oliveira & Costa)—adult—FW—intestine

Syn.: S. saofranciscensis Moreira, Oliveira & Costa

Hosts: Acestrorhynchus lacustris , Astyanax fasciatus , Tetragonopterus chalceus , Triportheus guentheri .

Locality: São Francisco River—MG.

References: Moreira et al. (1994), Moravec (1998), Vicente & Pinto (1999), Brasil-Sato (2003), Eiras et al. (2010).

Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) solani Pinto, Fábio, Noronha & Rolas —adult—FW—intestine

Host: Siluriformes fam. gen. sp.

Locality: Amazonas River, Maicurú—PA.

References: Pinto et al. (1975), Vicente & Pinto (1981), Vicente et al. (1985), Rodrigues et al. (1991), Thatcher (1991, 2006), Moravec (1998), Eiras et al. (2010).

Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) sp.—adult and larva—FW

Hosts: Astyanax bimaculatus (intestine), A. fasciatus (intestine), Auchenipterus osteomystax (unspecified), Bivibranchia fowleri (unspecified), Bivibranchia velox (unspecified), “Cará-cachimbo” (intestine), “Chimboré” (intestine), Colossoma macropomum (adult—intestine), Conorynchus conirostris (larva— intestine), “Ferreirinha” (intestine), Hemiodus sp. (intestine), Leporinus friderici (unspecified), L. obtusidens (adult—intestine), Pachyurus squamipennis (adult—intestine), “Peixe-cachorro” (intestine), Paracheirodon axelrodi (intestine), Pimelodus maculatus (adult—unspecified), Prochilodus lineatus (adult—intestine), Pseudoplatystoma corruscans (adult—intestine), Rhinodoras dorbignyi (intestine), Salminus hilarii (adult—intestine), Triportheus nematurus (intestine).

Localities: Amazonas River, Maicurú, Xingu River —PA; São Francisco River — MG; Iguaçú River , Upper Paraná River— PR; Pirassununga—SP .

References: Pinto et al. (1976), Kohn & Fernandes (1987), Kohn et al. (1988), Machado et al. (1996), Pavanelli et al. (1997, 2004), Fischer et al. (2003), Brasil-Sato & Santos (2005), Takemoto et al. (2009), Tavernari et al. (2009), Costa & Camargo (2009).

Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) sp.—adult—FW—intestine

Syn.: " S. furcospiculum " of Bührnheim (1976)

Hosts: Pimelodus maculatus , Pimelodus sp.

Locality: Pirassununga—SP.

References: Bührnheim (1976), Vicente et al. (1985).

Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) sp.—adult—FW—intestine

Syn.: " S. laticonchus " of Bührnheim (1976)

Hosts: Acestrorhynchus lacustris , Astyanax bimaculatus , A. fasciatus , A. schubarti , Hoplias malabaricus , Salminus brasiliensis , S. hilarii .

Locality: Pirassununga—SP.

References: Bührnheim (1976), Vicente et al. (1985).

Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) sp. A of Bührnheim (1976) —FW—intestine

Hosts: Leporinus copelandii , L. lacustris , L. striatus , Pimelodus maculatus

Locality: Pirassununga—SP.

References: Bührnheim (1976), Vicente et al. (1985).

Remark: Bührnheim (1976) claimed to have found only larva specimens.

Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) sp. B of Bührnheim (1976) —adult—FW—intestine

Hosts: Leporinus lacustris , L. octofasciatus , Leporinus sp.

Locality: Pirassununga—SP.

References: Bührnheim (1976), Vicente et al. (1985).

Procamallanus sp. —adult and larva

Hosts and site of infection: Acestrorhynchus lacustris (FW—adult—intestine), Astyanax bimaculatus (FW—adult—intestine), A. fasciatus (FW—adult—intestine), Astyanax sp. (FW– unspecified— unspecified), Australoheros facetus (FW– unspecified—unspecified), Brevoortia aurea (MAR—adult— intestine), Brycon insignis (FW—adult—intestine, stomach), Calophysus macropterus (FW—unspecified— intestine), “Cará-cachimbo” (FW—unspecified—intestine), Colossoma macropomum (FW—adult— intestine), Genypterus brasiliensis (MAR—adult—intestine), Hemiodus sp. (FW—unspecified—intestine), Hoplias malabaricus (FW—unspecified—unspecified), Leporinus macrocephalus (FW—adult—intestine), L. octofasciatus (FW—unspecified—intestine), L. striatus (FW—unspecified—intestine), Leporinus sp. (FW—unspecified—intestine), Menticirrhus americanus (MAR—adult—intestine), Paracheirodon axelrodi (FW—unspecified—intestine), “Peixe-cachorro” (FW—unspecified—intestine), Percophis brasiliensis (MAR—adult—intestine), Pimelodus blochii (FW—unspecified—unspecified), P. maculatus (FW—unspecified—unspecified), Prionotus punctatus (MAR—adult—intestine), Prochilodus lineatus (FW—larva—intestine), Pseudopercis numida (MAR—adult—intestine), P. semifasciata (MAR—adult— intestine), Pygocentrus nattereri (FW—body cavity), Salminus hilarii (FW—larva—intestine), Sarda sarda (MAR—adult—intestine), Schizodon altoparanae (FW—adult—intestine), Serrasalmus marginatus (FW— unspecified—unspecified), S. spilopleura (FW—unspecified—unspecified), Siluriformes fam. gen. sp. (FW—unspecified—intestine), Synodontis clarias (FW—unspecified—unspecified), Trachydoras paraguayensis (FW—adult—intestine), Trichiurus lepturus (MAR—adult—intestine).

Localities: Manaus— AM; off Soóterama—ES; Cuiabá River, Porto Esperança—MS, MT; Amazonas River, Maicurú —PA; Upper Paraná River — PR; off Cabo Frio , Itaocara , Macaé , Rio de Janeiro; Guandu River — RJ; Porto Cabral , Paraná River , Pirasununga —SP .

References: Travassos & Freitas (1940, 1948), Vicente & Santos (1973), Pinto & Noronha (1976), Kohn et al. (1985), Vicente et al. (1985), Pavanelli et al. (1997, 2004), Vicente & Pinto (1999), Silva et al. (2000b), Alves et al. (2002a,b), Carvalho et al. (2003), Fischer et al. (2003), Santos et al. (2003, 2007), Tavares et al. (2004b), Bicudo et al. (2005a), Alves & Luque (2006), Fernandes et al. (2006), Luque et al. (2008), Takemoto et al. (2009), Azevedo et al. (2010), Tavares-Dias et al. (2009, 2010), Eiras et al. (2010).