Prosyntexis lata Li, Shih & T. Gao, 2023

LI, XIAO-QIN, RASNITSYN, ALEXANDR P., GAO, JIA, ZHANG, YAN-JIE, SHIH, CHUNG-KUN, REN, DONG, ZHAO, YUN-YUN & GAO, TAI-PING, 2023, New taxa of Sepulcidae (Hymenoptera) from mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber, Palaeoentomology 6 (2), pp. 133-145 : 136-139

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/palaeoentomology.6.2.5
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:951C2284-E420-4197-B336-4439742F5158
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7982767
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E37D34-E806-FFA6-D0CB-82A5FB03F786
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Prosyntexis lata Li, Shih & T. Gao
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Prosyntexis lata Li, Shih & T. Gao sp. nov.

( Figs 3–7 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4 View FIGURE 5 View FIGURE 6 View FIGURE 7 )

Type material. Holotype: CNU-HYM-MA2015108 ( Figs 3 View FIGURE 3 , 4 View FIGURE 4 ), female. Most of body preserved, except apex of right antenna lost; left antenna compressed diagenetically and right metatarsus fractured.The specimen is indistinct in left lateral view. Paratype: CNU-HYM-MA2015106 ( Figs 5 View FIGURE 5 , 6 View FIGURE 6 ), male. Most of body parts preserved except for missing apices of both antennae. CNU-HYM-MA2015109 ( Fig. 7 View FIGURE 7 ), male. Apices of forewings and hind legs missing.

Etymology. The name lata is derived from the Latin word latus, referring to the broad pterostigma.

Diagnosis. The new species is unique within Prosyntexis in having very long cell 1mcu (ratio of length to width more than 3). It also differs from other species, except P. gobiensis Rasnitsyn, 1993 , in having 3r-m very close to 2m-cu in the forewing (ratio of length of 2m-cu to length of 3-M more than 5).

Locality and horizon. Hukawng Valley, Kachin State, northern Myanmar; lowermost Cenomanian, mid-Cretaceous.

Description. Holotype. Body about 6.52 mm long in lateral view, antenna 7.07 mm long in lateral view; forewing about 5.23 mm in length, maximum width 1.71 mm; hind wing about 4.01 mm in length ( Fig. 3A, B View FIGURE 3 ).

Head 0.57 mm long in lateral view. Compound eye medium sized and oval. Labial palpus with at least two palpomeres. Antenna elongate and filiform with 16 segments preserved; scape 0.23 mm long, maximum width 0.12 mm; pedicel 0.57 mm long, maximum width 0.09 mm; flagellomere I longer than scape and pedicel, 0.90 mm long, 0.10 mm wide, flagellomere II 0.66 mm long, 0.09 mm wide, as wide as remaining flagellomeres ( Fig. 4B View FIGURE 4 ).

Thorax with a deep medial membranous depression in the mesonotum bordered laterally by strong striate surfaces ( Fig. 4A View FIGURE 4 ). Legs slender, profemur slightly longer than protibia; metafemur length 1.03 mm, metatibia 1.45 mm long, maximum width 0.13 mm. Single protibial spur, cleft apically ( Fig. 4D View FIGURE 4 ); mesotibia with two apical spurs ( Fig. 4E View FIGURE 4 ); metatibia with two apical spurs (the smaller spur less than half length of larger spur and not wide) ( Fig. 4F View FIGURE 4 ). Tarsi pentamerous, basitarsomere long but shorter than remaining tarsomeres combined; tarsomere slightly elongate; pretarsal claws short, with curved apices and additional inner teeth ( Fig. 4G View FIGURE 4 ).

Forewing ( Fig. 3C View FIGURE 3 ) with C strongly thickened; Sc+R present; costal space narrow, slightly enlarged at twothirds of its length; 1-Rs slanted toward wing apex and 0.8 as long as 1-M; pterostigma broad, oblong and 3.5× as long as wide; 1-M+Cu bent basally; distal part of 2- Rs undeveloped in both left and right forewings; 1r-rs connected to pterostigma at its base and slightly longer than 3-Rs; 2r-rs issuing from 1/3 of pterostigma and at nearly 0.4 of 2+3rm length; 2rs-m absent; 3-M extremely short and 0.2× as long as 2m-cu. Cell 1mcu subquadrate, about 2.6× as long as wide; cell 2mcu pentagonal, about 1.6× as long as wide. 2A+3A wavy medially.

Hind wing ( Fig. 3C View FIGURE 3 ) with cell r close; Sc+R present; 1-Rs about 0.99 mm in length, nearly 1.6× as long as 1-M; 1rs-m about 0.25 mm in length, short and slightly proclival; 1-M bent; 2-M+Cu present. 2rs-m, 3rs-m and 1m-cu absent; terminal abscissa of Cu and cu-a well-developed; 1-Cu and cu-a straight.

Abdomen with short ovipositor sheath 1.85 mm long in ventral view and slightly protruding beyond apex of abdomen ( Fig. 4C View FIGURE 4 ).

Paratype (CNU-HYM-MA2015106). Body about 4.30 mm long in lateral view; forewing about 3.98 mm in length, maximum width 1.29 mm; hind wing about 3.02 mm in length ( Figs 5 View FIGURE 5 , 6 View FIGURE 6 ).

Head 0.63 mm long and 0.43 mm wide in lateral view, rather small and subquadrate. Compound eyes medium sized and round. Maxillary palpus with six palpomeres ( Fig. 6C View FIGURE 6 ); labial palpus with at least three palpomeres. Antenna elongate and filiform with 9 segments preserved; scape 0.20 mm long, maximum width 0.10 mm; pedicel 0.28 mm long, maximum width 0.10 mm, slightly swollen apically; flagellomere I longer than scape and pedicel, 0.56 mm long, 0.11 mm wide, flagellomere II 0.49 mm long, 0.11 mm wide ( Fig. 6B View FIGURE 6 ).

Thorax with deep medial membranous depression in the mesonotum bordered laterally by strong striate surfaces ( Fig. 6D View FIGURE 6 ). Legs slender, profemur slightly longer than protibia; metafemur length 0.84 mm, metatibia 0.76 mm long, maximum width 0.14 mm. Protibia with one apical spur ( Fig. 6F View FIGURE 6 ), mesotibia apical spurs not visible. Metatibia with two apical spurs (the smaller spur thick, less than half length of larger spur) ( Fig. 6G View FIGURE 6 ). Tarsi pentamerous, basitarsomere long but shorter than remaining tarsomeres combined; metatarsomere elongate and claws 0.08 mm long with curved apices and additional inner teeth.

Forewing ( Fig. 5C View FIGURE 5 ) with C strongly thickened; Sc+R present; costal space distinctly narrow, slightly enlarged at the middle; basal section of Rs slanted toward wing apex and 1.6× as long as basal section of M; pterostigma broad, oblong and 2.8× as long as wide; 1-M+Cu bent basally; 2-M+Cu exceptionally short and nearly 0.05 mm long, scarcely present owing to proximal position of cua near origin of 1-Cu. 1-Rs+M 0.48 mm long and 4× as long as 2-Rs+M; end of 2-Rs very weak; 1r-rs connected to pterostigma at its base and longer than section of Rs between 1r-rs and 2r-rs; 2r-rs issuing from one-third of pterostigma and at one-third of 2+3rm length; 2rs-m absent; section of M between 2m-cu and 3rs-m extremely short and 0.2× as long as 2m-cu. Cell 1mcu subquadrate, about 3× as long as wide; cell 2mcu hexagonal, about 1.7× as long as wide. 2A+3A waved medially.

Hind wing ( Fig. 5C View FIGURE 5 ) with cell r closed and large; Sc+R present; 1-Rs about 0.86 mm in length, nearly 2× as long as 1-M; 1rs-m about 0.11 mm in length, short and slightly proclival; 1-M bent and 0.44 mm long; 2-M+Cu present and 0.20 mm long. 2rs-m, 3rs-m and 1m-cu absent; terminal abscissa of Cu and cu-a well-developed; 1-Cu and cu-a straight.

Abdomen with nine distinguishable segments in lateral view. Hypopygium narrower rounded apically comparing P. aristovi sp. nov. Male genitalia ( Fig. 6E View FIGURE 6 ) distinct, narrow, tightly closed obscuring details except gonostyle about 0.17 mm long, very narrow and with two thin threads of obscure identity at their apex. Cercus about 0.13 mm long.

Paratype (CNU-HYM-MA2015109). Differs from the above paratype in shorter distance between compound eyes and postoccipital sulcus. Compound eyes rather large and oval.Antenna elongate and filiform with 16 segments, flagellomere I longer than scape and pedicel combined ( Fig. 7A, B View FIGURE 7 ). Pronotum lateral edge slightly contracted inward. Hypopygium apparently as in other paratype. Genitalia internalized with very narrow gonostyli partially visible, with no threads visible.