Heteropachylus ramphonotus, Mendes, 2011

Mendes, Amanda Cruz, 2011, Phylogeny and taxonomic revision of Heteropachylinae (Opiliones: Laniatores: Gonyleptidae), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 163 (2), pp. 437-483 : 467-470

HETEROPACHYLUS RAMPHONOTUS SP. NOV.

( FIGS 13 , 14 , 25A, B , 28 )

Heteropachylus sp. nov. 1: Sigrist & Carvalho, 2008: 39.

Distribution ( Fig. 28 ): BRAZIL. Bahia (Ilhéus, Jussari and Una). WWF Ecoregion: NT0103, Bahia coastal forests.

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Type material: m holotype ( IBSP 994 ), BRAZIL, Bahia, Jussari, Reserva Natural da Serra do Teimoso , 8–10.iv.1998, Brescovit & Bertani . Paratypes. m ( IBSP1172 ), same data as holotype ; m ( IBSP 1088 ), m ( IBSP 1105 ), Ilhéus. CEPLAC. 10–12.iv.1998. Brescovit A, Bertani R & Pinto-da-Rocha R ; m ( IBSP1053 ), Una. Reserva Biológica de Una. 13–16.vi.1998. Brescovit A, Bertani R & Pinto-da-Rocha R .

Etymology: Species name comes from the Greek rhamphos (beak) + notos (dorsum) in reference to the large hooked apophysis of area III, which resembles a bird’s beak.

Diagnosis: Three mesotergal areas; mesotergal area I entire, without the longitudinal division ( Fig. 13A ); groove between mesotergal areas II and III incomplete ( Fig. 13A ); mesotergal area III elevated in relation to the others and bearing unpaired armature ( Fig. 13A, D ). Free tergite I with unarmed corners ( Fig. 13A ); free tergite II with a small tubercle on each corner and a conical median apophysis ( Fig. 13A ); free tergite III without longitudinal keel, unarmed and not fused to the dorsal scutum ( Fig. 13A, B ). Dorsal anal operculum covered by rounded flattened tubercles. Femur IV ( Fig. 14 ) bearing anvil-shaped dorsobasal apophysis and lacking dorsodistal one. Male genitalia ( Fig. 25A, B ): Fourth pair of setae dislocated to the centre of the ventral plate, distal group formed by only the first three setae.

Measurements: Male holotype. CL: 2.0; MCW: 2.7; ASL: 4.0; MASW: 5.6. FL: 3.3. Males (N = 3). CL: 1.8 (1.6–2.0); MCW: 2.4 (2.1–2.7); ASL: 3.4 (2.4–4.0); MASW: 5.0 (4.4–5.6). FL: 3.3 (3.1–3.5).

Description

Male holotype: Dorsum ( Fig. 13A ). Scutum outline pyriform, widest at mesotergal area II. Anterior margin of carapace with three to four tubercles at each side. Frontal hump covered with granules. Eye mound bearing pair of large paramedian tubercles ( Fig. 13A, C ), with small granules near the eyes. Carapace smooth. Mesotergum divided into three areas; mesotergal area I entire; mesotergal areas I–III with small granules randomly distributed; groove between mesotergal areas II and III incomplete; mesotergal area III elevated in relation to areas I–II, posterior margin and free tergites, bearing large median spiniform apophysis, pointed backwards ( Fig. 13A ). Posterior margin of scutum smooth. Free tergites I–II fused to the scutum, each with a transversal row of granules; free tergite II bearing median apophysis pointed backwards and one tubercle on each corner ( Fig. 13A, D ); free tergite III with transversal row of small granules, with posterior border slightly convex ( Fig. 13A ). Lateral areas of scutum with row of tubercles, the sizes of which increase progressively towards the posterior margin of dorsal scutum, reaching the groove between areas II and III and with last tubercle much larger than the others ( Fig. 13A ). Dorsal anal operculum covered by rounded flattened tubercles. Appendages. Pedipalps ( Fig. 13A, D ) – trochanter with two ventral setiferous granules. Femur with ventral row of setiferous granules and with subapical mesal spine. Tibia with four mesal (IiIi) and three ectal (i+Ii) spines. Tarsus with four mesal (IiIi) and four ectal (IiIi) spines. Legs – calcaneus I about half length of metatarsus I, lighter in colour and thicker than astragalus. Coxa IV ( Fig. 13A ) armed with apical prolateral blunt apophysis. Trochanter IV ( Fig. 13A ) armed with apical prolateral blunt apophysis and distal retrolateral curved apophysis. Femur IV ( Fig. 14 ) short, distinctly curved in dorsal view and with two curvatures (‘S-shaped’) in lateral view, bearing rows of tubercles; with large anvil-shaped dorsobasal apophysis preceded by granules; retrolateral surface with row of rounded tubercles, the three most distal being larger than the remaining; prolateral surface with a row of blunt apophyses located at the distal half, larger at the median portion of the row; apex ( Fig. 13E ) with a retrolateral conical apophysis, pointed upwards in apical view and prolateral rounded apophysis of acuminate apex. Tarsal counts. 5–6/8/6/6. Male geni-

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Figures

Figure 13. Heteropachylus ramphonotus sp. nov. Male holotype IBSP 994. A, habitus, dorsal view. B, ventroposterior view. C, frontal view. D, habitus, lateral view. E, patella and apex of femur IV. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Figure 14. Heteropachylus ramphonotus sp. nov. Male holotype IBSP 994. A, right trochanter and femur IV. B–D, left trochanter, femur and patella IV. B, ventral view; C, prolateral view; D, retrolateral view. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Figure 25. Male genitalia of species of Heteropachylus. A, B, Heteropachylus ramphonotus sp. nov. holotype IBSP 994. A, dorsal view; B, lateral view. C, D, Heteropachylus inexpectabilis comb. nov. MNRJ. C, dorsal view; D, lateral view. E, F, Heteropachylus crassicalcanei comb. nov. MNRJ 5216. E, dorsal view; F, lateral view. G, H. Heteropachylus gracilis sp. nov. paratype IBSP 450. G, dorsal view; H, lateral view. I, J, Heteropachylus peracchii HEMS 665. I, dorsal view; J, lateral view. K, L, Heteropachylus spiniger lectotype SMF RI 798. K, dorsal view; L, lateral view. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.

Figure 28. Geographical distribution of the species of Heteropachylus.