Rhynchocyrtus cleideae, de França & Bellini & Nunes Godeiro & Cipola, 2025

de França, Josemária Silva, Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante, Nunes Godeiro, Nerivânia & Cipola, Nikolas Gioia, 2025, Where does Rhynchocyrtus Mendonça and Fernandes (Collembola, Entomobryidae) fit? A new species, mitogenome and insights into the troubled systematics of Lepidocyrtinae, Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83, pp. 713-736 : 713-736

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.83.e171454
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17879339
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F4CCFAA9-2748-5519-961D-D9465F513E06
treatment provided by	Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny by Pensoft
scientific name	Rhynchocyrtus cleideae
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Rhynchocyrtus cleideae sp. nov. França, Bellini, Godeiro and Cipola

Figures 2 View Figure 2 , 3 View Figure 3 , 4 View Figure 4 , 5 View Figure 5 , 6 View Figure 6 , 7 View Figure 7 , 8 View Figure 8 , 9 View Figure 9 , 10 View Figure 10 , 11 View Figure 11 , Table 2 View Table 2

Diagnosis.

Body with diffuse blue pigmentation (head, Th II to Abd III, collophore, legs, and furcula), Ant I – IV, head anteriorly, Th II and Abd III laterally and Abd V dark blue pigmented, Abd IV proximal half with a transversal band (Fig. 2 View Figure 2 ). Dorsal head with 7–9 mac on An series and 2 mac on A series (Fig. 3 E View Figure 3 ), clypeal formula with 2 l, 4 ft and 3 pf chaetae and two chaeta extra (Fig. 3 D View Figure 3 ), labial papilla E l. p. finger-shaped and surpassing the apex of papilla basis (Fig. 4 C View Figure 4 ), postlabial chaetotaxy with 2 short spines, cephalic groove with 5–6 chaetae, 2–3 smooth and 3–4 ciliate (Fig. 4 D View Figure 4 ). Th II to Abd IV macrochaetotaxy formula with 0, 0 | 0, 1 + 1, 0 + 2, 2 + 12–13 mac (Figs 6 View Figure 6 , 7 View Figure 7 ), Abd IV with 6 median sens and 7 posterior mes (Fig. 7 B View Figure 7 ). Trochanteral organ with about 10–14 spine-like chaetae (Fig. 9 D View Figure 9 ). Unguis m. t. paired and larger than b. t., a. t. present (Fig. 9 E View Figure 9 ). Collophore anteriorly with 16 ciliate chaetae (Fig. 10 A View Figure 10 ), posteriorly with 5 ciliate and 1 distal smooth chaeta per side (Fig. 10 B View Figure 10 ), lateral flap with 2 smooth and 3–5 ciliate chaetae (Fig. 10 C View Figure 10 ). Manubrial plate with 4–5 ciliate chaetae, dens with basal tubercle apically rounded, mucronal spinelet absent (Fig. 11 C View Figure 11 ).

Description.

Total length (head + trunk) 1.15–1.27 mm (n = 5), holotype 1.27 mm. Habitus typical of Rhynchocyrtus . Body with diffuse blue pigmentation, Ant I – IV, head anteriorly, Th II and Abd III laterally and Abd V dark blue pigmented, Abd IV proximal and distal halves with a transversal band each, Th II to Abd II posteriorly each with a thin transverse band, eyespots black (Fig. 2 View Figure 2 ). Brownish weakly ciliate scales, apically rounded, truncate or rarely irregular, oval, elongated or rarely pyriform, present on all head, dorsal thorax and abdomen, coxae III and manubrium and dens ventrally (Fig. 2 View Figure 2 ). — Head: Ratio antennae: trunk = 1: 2.79–4.81 (n = 4), holotype 1: 3.5; antennal ratio as I: II: III: IV = 1: 1.18–1.64: 1.37–2: 1.75 – 2.45 (n = 5) holotype 1: 1.5: 1.6: 2. Ant IV not annulated, without apical bulb, with sens of different sizes and ciliate chaetae. Ant III sense organ with 2 finger-shape sens, 3 blunt guard sensilla plus another posterior sensillum next to it (Fig. 3 A View Figure 3 ). Ant II dorsally with 4 distal and 2 proximal sens (Fig. 3 B View Figure 3 ). Ant I dorsally with 3 proximal sens - like smooth chaetae ( Ant I organ sensu Hüther 1986) (Fig. 3 C View Figure 3 ). Eyes 8 per side, eye B larger than others, G and H smaller, interocular chaetae ( p) as mac, others as mic ( q, s, r, t), interocular scales absent (Fig. 3 E View Figure 3 ). Head dorsal chaetotaxy with 7–9 ‘ An’ ( An 1 a – 3), 5 ‘ A’ ( A 0 – 5), 5 ‘ M’ ( M 1 – 4), 6 ‘ S’ ( S 0, S 2 – 6), 3 ‘ Ps’ ( Ps 2 – 3, Ps 5), 3–4 ‘ Pa’ ( Pa 2, Pa 5–7, Pa 2 present or absent, Pa 6 as bothriotrichum), 2 ‘ Pm’ ( Pm 1 – 2), 6 ‘ Pp’ ( Pp 1 – 6) and 3 ‘ Pe’ ( Pe 3, Pe 5 – Pe 6) chaetae (Fig. 3 E View Figure 3 ). Clypeal formula with 2 ( l 1 – 2, plus 2 unnamed), 4 ( ft) and 3 ( pf 0 – 2) ciliate chaetae, l 1 larger than others and acuminate, others subequal (Fig. 3 D View Figure 3 ). Four prelabral chaetae ( pl 1 – 2) smooth and subequal to each other (Fig. 3 D View Figure 3 ). Labral formula with 5 ( p 0 – 2), 5 ( m 0 – 2), 4 ( a 1 – 2) chaetae, a 1–2 thicker than others, p 0–2 larger, others subequal (Fig. 3 D View Figure 3 ). Mouth cone and mouthparts projected into an elongated conical structure, typical of the genus (Figs 2 B View Figure 2 , 3 D View Figure 3 , 4 D View Figure 4 , 5 View Figure 5 ). Mandible strongly elongated, right side with 5 and left with 4 incisor teeth (Fig. 5 View Figure 5 ). Maxilla with a sickle-shaped ungulum and two smooth lobed lamellae (Fig. 4 A View Figure 4 ). Maxillary palp with a. a and b. c. smooth and subequal, sublobal plate with tree smooth appendages (Fig. 4 B View Figure 4 ). Labial papilla E l. p. finger-shaped, surpassing the apex of papilla basis (Fig. 4 C View Figure 4 ). Labium with 5 proximal chaetae, the baso-internal one larger and thicker than others, others subequal (Fig. 4 D View Figure 4 ). Basolateral and basomedian labial fields with chaetae a 1 – 5, m 1, e and l 1 – 2 smooth, r reduced to a spine-like mic (Fig. 4 D View Figure 4 ). Ventral chaetotaxy with about 19–20 chaetae (7–10 smooth, 9–13 ciliate) and 2 lateral short spine-like mic, postlabial chaetotaxy with 4 ( G 1 – 4), 1 ( X) and 4 ( H 1 – 4) chaetae, respectively, cephalic groove with 5–6 chaetae, 2–3 smooth and 3–4 ciliate (Fig. 4 D View Figure 4 ). — Thorax and abdomen: Th II slightly projected over the head anteriorly (Fig. 2 View Figure 2 ). Tergal sensilla and microsensilla formulae of Th. II – Abd. V as 1, 1 | 0, 1, 1, +, 3 and 1, 0 | 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, respectively (Figs 6 View Figure 6 , 7 View Figure 7 ). Abd II – IV bothriotrichal formula as 2 ( a 5, m 2), 3 ( a 5, m 2, m 5), 2 ( T 2, T 4) (Figs 6 D View Figure 6 , 7 B View Figure 7 ). Body psp pattern (Fig. 8 View Figure 8 ): dorsally: Ant I outer side (1), Ant I inner side (2), Th II – Abd IV dorsally (1–1 each), coxae I – III (2, 2–3, 2), manubrium basis (1), manubrial plate (0–2), and proximal dens (1); laterally: Th III – Abd III (0), BP 4 (4–7); ventrally: Ant III (1), Ant II (1), Ant I (0), Th I – III (1), collophore anteriorly (1) and posteriorly (1), between collophore and tenaculum (1), tenaculum posteriorly (1 unpaired), Abd IV (0) and anterior to genital plate (?). Thoracic chaetotaxy (Fig. 6 A, B View Figure 6 ). Th II a, m and p series with 9, 6 and 7 mic (plus 1 chaetae of unknown homology), respectively. Th III a, m and p series with 6, 5 and 6 chaetae, respectively, and 1 lateral mac. Ratio Th II: III = 3.11–2.34: 1 (n = 4), holotype 2.77: 1. Abdominal chaetotaxy (Figs 6 C, D View Figure 6 , 7 A – C View Figure 7 ). Abd I a, m and p series with 5, 5 and 2 mic, respectively. Abd II with a, m and p series with 5, 6 and 4 chaetae, respectively, m 3 and m 5 as mac, a 5 and m 2 as bothriotricha, with 2–3 and 2 surrounding fan-shaped chaetae, respectively. Abd III a, m and p series with 6, 8 and 4 chaetae, respectively, plus 2 lateral chaetae of unknown homology, pm 6 and p 6 as mac, m 2 bothriotrichum with 3 surrounding fan-shaped chaetae, and bothriotricha a 5 and m 2 with 6–7 surrounding fan-shaped chaetae between them. Abd IV series ‘ A ’ – ‘ r ’ with 6 ( A), 5 ( B), 4–5 ( C), 7 ( T), 1 ( Te), 5 ( D), 2 ( De), 6 ( E), 1 ( Ee), 5 ( F), 3 ( Fe) and 3 ( r) chaetae, respectively, plus Si and Sm as mic, 2 inner ( B 5 – 6) and 12–13 lateral as mac ( T 6 – 7, D 3, De 3, E 2 – 4, E 4 p 2, F 1 – 3, Fe 4), at least 7 sens ( as and ps type I, others type II) and 7 posterior mes. Abd V a, m and p series with 2, 2 and 4 mac, respectively. Ratio Abd III: IV = 1: 2.05–2.9 (n = 5), holotype 1: 1.90. — Legs: Subcoxa I with one row of 4–6 chaetae, subcoxa II with 7–8 chaetae on row a and 3 anterior chaetae, p row with 5 chaetae, subcoxa III with one row 6–8 chaetae (Fig. 9 A – C View Figure 9 ). Trochanteral organ with 10–14 spine-like chaetae, 2–4 anterior, 3–6 posterior, 1 apical and 3 in the distal arm (Fig. 9 D View Figure 9 ). Tibiotarsus III internally devoid of mac. Tenent hair apically capitate and 0.77 smaller than the outer edge of unguis, tibiotarsal smooth chaeta of leg III 0.72 smaller than unguiculus length, pretarsus with one anterior and one posterior small chaetae (Fig. 9 E View Figure 9 ). Ungues I – III outer side with 2 paired basolateral teeth and 1 unpaired basomedian tooth, inner edge with 5 teeth, b. t. and m. t. (larger) paired, a. t. unpaired and smaller than others (Fig. 9 E View Figure 9 ). Unguiculi I – III with 4 lamellae ( ai, ae, pi, pe), all acuminate and smooth (Fig. 9 E View Figure 9 ). Ratio unguis III: unguiculus III = 1: 1.8 in holotype. — Collophore: Anterior side with about 16 ciliate chaetae of different sizes (Fig. 10 A View Figure 10 ), posterior side with 5 ciliated and 1 distal smooth chaeta per side (Fig. 10 B View Figure 10 ), lateral flap with 2 smooth and 3–5 ciliate chaetae (Fig. 10 C View Figure 10 ). — Furcula: Manubrium ventrally with about 9 apical scales and 2 inner ciliate chaetae per side (Fig. 11 A View Figure 11 ), manubrial plate with 4–5 subequal ciliate chaetae (Fig. 11 B View Figure 11 ). Dens dorsally with an apically rounded dental tubercle on its basis (Fig. 11 B View Figure 11 ). Mucro bidentate, apical tooth slightly smaller than basal one, mucronal spine reaching apex of basal tooth, mucronal spinelet absent (Fig. 11 C View Figure 11 ). — Genital plate: FEMALE. Female genital plate with 2 anterior and 2 posterior small smooth chaetae (Fig. 11 D View Figure 11 ). MALE. male genital plate unclear.

Etymology.

The new species is named in honor of Dr. Maria Cleide de Mendonça from Museu Nacional of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, one of the authors of the genus and a taxonomist who has made many valuable contributions to the knowledge of Brazilian Collembola. Specific name feminine, in genitive singular.

Habitat.

Rhynchocyrtus cleideae sp. nov. was found associated to the topsoil and leaf litter at least in remnants of Atlantic Forest of the states of Alagoas and Rio Grande do Norte, Northeast Brazil, Good’s biogeographic zone 27 from Neotropical region ( Good 1974). According to the Köppen-Geiger system, the region has a tropical savanna climate (As), characterized by having average monthly temperatures above 18 ° C throughout the year, in addition to a well-defined dry season, with the driest month having less than 60 mm of precipitation ( Kottek et al. 2006).

Material examined.

10 ♀, 8 ♂ and 87 specimens in ethanol (sex undetermined). Holotype. BRAZIL • 1 ♀ on slide; Rio Grande do Norte, Natal municipality, Parque das Dunas ; 05°48′44.0″S, 35°11′20.8″W; alt. 83 m; 07–09.viii.2023; M. M. Pereira et al. leg.; pitfall trap ( CC / UFRN Rhynchocyrtus cleideae ) GoogleMaps . Paratypes. BRAZIL • 2 ♀♀ on slides and 83 specimens in 70 % ethanol; same data except 05°48′49.4″S, 35°11′09.7″W; alt. 43 m ( CC / UFRN Rhynchocyrtus cleideae ) GoogleMaps • 1 specimen in 70 % ethanol, same data except 05°48′52.0″S, 35°11′04.5″W, 35 m ( INPA -CLL 000399 ) GoogleMaps • 1 ♂ on slide; same data except 06–08.xii.2023; M. M. Pereira and B. C. Bellini leg. ( INPA –CLL 000397 ) GoogleMaps • 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ on slides; same data except 06–08.xii.2023; M. M. Pereira and B. C. Bellini leg. ( CC / UFRN Rhynchocyrtus cleideae ) GoogleMaps • 1 ♂ on slide; same data except 05°48′52.0″S, 35°11′04.5″W; alt. 36 m; M. M. Pereira and B. C. Bellini leg. ( CC / UFRN Rhynchocyrtus cleideae ) GoogleMaps • 2 ♀♀ on slides; same data except 05°48′52.0″S, 35°11′06.1″W; alt. 38 m; M. M. Pereira and B. C. Bellini leg. ( INPA –CLL 000394–95 ) GoogleMaps • 1 ♂ on slide; same data except 05°48′52.0″S, 35°11′06.1″W; alt. 38 m; M. M. Pereira and B. C. Bellini leg. ( INPA –CLL 000396 ) GoogleMaps • 1 ♂ and 3 ♀♀ on slides; same data except 05°48′50.2″S, 35°11′08.9″W; alt. 42 m ( CC / UFRN Rhynchocyrtus cleideae ) GoogleMaps • 1 ♂ on slide; same data except 06–08.xii.2023; M. M. Pereira and B. C. Bellini leg. ( CC / UFRN Rhynchocyrtus cleideae ) GoogleMaps • 2 ♂♂ and 1 ♀ on slides, 3 specimens in 70 % ethanol ( INPA -CLL 000398 ); same data except 05°48′39.7″S, 35°11′28.1″W; alt. 69 m ( CC / UFRN Rhynchocyrtus cleideae ) GoogleMaps . Other GoogleMaps examined material. BRAZIL • 1 ♂ on slide and 5 specimens in 70 % ethanol ( INPA); Alagoas, Rio Largo municipality, forest of the Centre of Agricultural Sciences of the Federal University of Alagoas ; 09°27′50″S, 35°50′02″W; alt. 36 m; xi.2010; pitfall trap; I. P. S. Santos leg. GoogleMaps