Sadala punicea Simon, 1880

Rheims, Cristina A. & Jäger, Peter, 2022, Revalidation of the genus Sadala Simon, 1880 with the description of a new genus of Neotropical huntsman spiders (Araneae, Sparassidae), Zootaxa 5135 (1), pp. 1-80 : 17

Sadala punicea Simon, 1880 comb. rest.

Figs 12 , 45–55 , 89

Sadala punicea Simon, 1880: 328 (female holotype from Pebas [‑3.3167, ‑71.8167], Loreto, Peru, MNHN 3571 , examined).

Sparassus puniceus: Simon 1897: 35 .

Olios puniceus: Simon 1903a: 1020 ; Petrunkevitch 1911: 502; Mello-Leitão 1918: 55, fig. 31; Jäger 2020: 81 (misplaced in Olios ).

Additional material examined. BRAZIL: Amazonas: 1♂, 4♀, Presidente Figueiredo, Usina Hidrelétrica de Balbina [‑1.9000, 59.4667], 1987–1988, Equipe IBSP leg. ( IBSP 7362 , 7365 , 7358 , 7369 , 87530 ) ; 2♀, Manaus, Fazenda Cabo Frio [‑2.4167, ‑59.8333], 12 March 2002, Frickman leg. ( INPA) ; 1♂, Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke [‑3.000, ‑59.8667], 7 January 1992, S. Darwich & U. Barbosa leg. ( INPA 2441 ) ; Acre: 1♂, Parque Nacional da Serra do Divisor, Várzea Gibralta‑Pedro [‑8.0333, ‑73.5500], 20 November 1996, R . S. Vieira leg. ( IBSP 9361 ) . PERU: Loreto: 1♂, Iquitos, San Juan Bautista, Zungarococha , Arboreto del UNAP (‑3.8298, ‑73.3753) , 8–9 April 2013, C.A. Rheims & R . P. Indicatti leg. ( IBSP 165051 ) .

Diagnosis. Males of S. punicea resemble those of S. kaiabi spec. nov. ( Figs 13–15 ) and S. yuyapichis spec. nov. ( Figs 83–85 ) by the palp with embolus arising from tegulum at 4 o’clock position ( Fig. 46 ). They are distinguished from those of S. kaiabi spec. nov. by the RTA roughly the same width throughout ( Fig. 47 ), tegulum oval and conductor surpassing the anterior margin of alveolus by half its length ( Fig. 46 ) (RTA tapering and distally pointed, tegulum rounded and conductor barely surpassing the anterior margin of alveolus in S. kaiabi spec. nov.); from those of S. yuyapichis spec. nov. by the embolus base not extending beyond retrocymbial margin in ventral view ( Fig. 46 ) (embolus base with a retrolateral swing, extending beyond retrocymbial margin in S. yuyapichis spec. nov.). Females resemble those of S. nanay spec. nov. ( Figs 35–37 ) by the epigyne with MS diamond-shaped posteriorly ( Fig. 48 ). They are distinguished by the MS less than 1.5 times longer than wide with rounded CO ( Fig. 48 ) and vulva with internal ducts tightly twisted ( Figs 49–50 ) (MS more than 1.5 times longer than wide with elliptical CO and internal ducts loosely twisted in S. nanay spec. nov.).

Description. Male (IB 165051): Total length 13.6. Prosoma: 5.9 long, 5.5 wide. Opisthosoma: 7.2 long, 4.5 wide. Eyes: diameters: 0.50, 0.40, 0.30, 0.39; interdistances: 0.30, 0.04, 0.45, 0.45, 0.30, 0.20. Legs: I: 34.6 (9.7, 3.2, 9.7, 9.8, 2.2); II: 37.7 (10.9, 3.3, 10.4, 10.5, 2.6); III: 26.3 (8.0, 2.6, 6.9, 6.8, 2.0); IV: 29.9 (8.9, 2.5, 7.9, 8.4, 2.2). Spination follows the generic pattern except patella I: p0; tibiae I–II: d1-0-1; tibia IV: d0; metatarsus IV: r1-1-1. Palp: RTA roughly as wide as long, concave in ventral view; PTA triangular, slightly longer than wide; subtegulum visible prolaterally in ventral view; conductor three times longer than wide ( Figs 45–47 , 51–53 ).

Redescription. Female (IBSP 7362): Total length 18.3. Prosoma: 7.5 long, 8.5 wide. Opisthosoma: 9.8 long, 8.5 wide. Eyes: diameters: 0.54, 0.40, 0.38, 0.48; interdistances: 0.40, 0.16, 0.80, 0.74, 0.40, 0.40. Legs: I: 31.6 (9.3, 3.7, 8.1, 8.4, 2.1); II: 33.3 (9.7, 3.7, 8.8, 8.8, 2.3); III: 23.4 (7.0, 3.0, 6.0, 5.6, 1.8); IV: 27.4 (8.4, 3.0, 7.0, 6.8, 2.2). Spination follows the generic pattern. Epigyne: EF as wide as long; MAB short; TP almost 2–3 times wider than long; LL touching posteriorly; ( Figs 48 , 54 ). Vulva: FW laterad; GP small, rounded, arising from duct at second turn; SP spherical; FD mediad, then laterad with subdistal turn ( Figs 49–50 , 55 ).

Variation. Males (n = 4): total length 13.0–15.8; prosoma length 5.9–6.6; femur I length 8.5–10.0. Females (n = 6): total length 18.3–21.8; prosoma length 7.5–8.2; femur I length 8.0–9.3.

Distribution. Iquitos in Eastern Peru and Manaus in central Amazonia, Brazil ( Fig. 89 ).

Figures

FIGURES 9–12. 9–11 Sadala velox Simon 9 IBSP 87553, female; 10–11 MZSP 35356, female; 12 Sadala punicea Simon IBSP 165051, male. 9 left leg I, tarsus, trichobothria, dorsal view; 10 right leg II, tarsus, tarsal organ, dorsal view; 11 right leg I, tarsus, claws, retrolateral view; 12 epiandrium, epiandrous spigots, dorsal view (arrows point at clusters of spigots). DP—dorsal plate; PP—proximal plate.

FIGURES 45–50. Sadala punicea Simon 45–47 Male (IBSP 9361), left palp (45 prolateral, 46 ventral, 47 retrolateral); 28–50. Female (IBSP 7362) (48 epigyne, 49 vulva, 50 schematic course of internal duct system). C—conductor; E—embolus; FD—fertilization duct; ft—first turn of duct system; GP—glandular projection; LL—lateral lobe; MAB—muscle attachment bands; MS—median septum; PTA—prolateral tibial projection; RTA—retrolateral tibial apophysis; SP—spermathecae; st—second turn of duct system; ST—subtegulum; TP—triangular projection. Scale lines: 1 mm.

FIGURES 51–55. Sadala punicea Simon. 51–53 Male (IBSP 165051) left palp (51 prolateral, 52 ventral, 53 retrolateral); 54–55 Female (IBSP 7365) (54 epigyne, 55 vulva). Scale lines: 1 mm.

FIGURES 89–90. Distribution maps for Sadala spp. 89 S. tabatinga spec. nov., S. velox Simon, S. nanay spec. nov., S. punicea Simon 90 S. rufa (Keyserling), S. kaiabi spec. nov., S. keyserlingi Simon, S. nigristernis Simon, S. yuyapichis spec. nov.

FIGURES 13–18. Sadala kaiabi spec. nov. 13–15 Male (IBSP 246434, holotype), left palp (13 prolateral, 14 ventral, 15 retrolateral); 16–18 Female (IBSP 233316, paratype) (16 epigyne, 17 vulva, 18 schematic course of internal ducts system). C—conductor; CO—copulatory opening; E—embolus; FD—fertilization duct; ft—first turn of duct system; GP—glandular projection; LL—lateral lobe; MS—median septum; TP— triangular projection; PTA—prolateral tibial projection; RTA—retrolateral tibial apophysis; SP—spermathecae; st—second turn of duct system; ST—subtegulum. Scale lines: 1 mm.

FIGURES 83–85. Sadala yuyapichis spec. nov., male (MUSM, holotype), left palp (83 prolateral, 84 ventral 85 retrolateral). Scale lines: 1 mm. C—conductor; E–embolus; PTA—prolateral tibial apophysis; RTA—retrolateral tibial apophysis; ST—subtegulum. Scale lines: 1 mm.

FIGURES 35–40. 35–37 Sadala nanay spec. nov., female (MUSM, holotype) (35 epigyne, 36 vulva, 37 schematic course of internal duct system); 38–40 Sadala nigristernis Simon, female (MNHN 1672, holotype) (38 epigyne, 39 vulva, 40 schematic course of internal duct system). FD—fertilization duct; ft—first turn of duct system; GP—glandular projection; LL—lateral lobe; MS—median septum; SP—spermathecae; st—second turn of duct system; TP—triangular projection. Scale lines: 1 mm.