Salcedia miranda (Andrewes, 1920)

Balkenohl, Michael, 2020, A genus in disguise. Revision of the genus Salcedia Fairmaire, 1899 with descriptions of nine new species (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Scaritinae, Salcediini), ZooKeys 901, pp. 1-81 : 1

publication ID	https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.901.39432
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:843F6065-D00E-48E6-9A26-9CEB044BF102
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/41ECB288-7740-5AA8-BBF0-6E3A05795857
treatment provided by	ZooKeys by Pensoft
scientific name	Salcedia miranda (Andrewes, 1920)
status

Treatment

Salcedia miranda (Andrewes, 1920) View in CoL Figs 24 View Figures 20–25 , 42 View Figures 36–43 , 51 View Figures 44–51 , 67 View Figures 64–67 , 82 View Figures 77–83

Zelma miranda Andrewes, 1920: 453: Csiki 1927: 546; Andrewes 1929: 418; Andrewes 1930: 358.

Salcedia miranda (Andrewes, 1920): Alluaud 1930: 22; Alluaud 1935: 19; Andrewes 1936: 64; Jeannel 1946: 233.

Zelma miranda Andrewes, 1920: Britton 1947: 127.

Salcedia miranda (Andrewes, 1920) Reichardt 1975: 103; Dostal 1993: 121; Baehr 1998: 2; Lorenz 2005: 155.

Type material.

Holotype: ♂, with labels and data: white, printed "Tharrawaddy Burma" / white, handwritten and printed "Zelma miranda Type Andr. H.E.Andrewes det." / red, black printed “Type” / white, black printed "figured specimen", backside black handwritten “F.B.I.” / white, printed "H.E.Andrewes Coll. B.M.1945-97." (BMNH).

Additional material.

1 ♀, with labels and data: beige, printed, black framed "Palon (Pegu) L.Fea VIII.IX.87" / "Mus. Civ. Genova" / white, printed "H. E. Andrewes Coll. B. M. 1945-97." (BMNH); 1 ♀, with labels and data: beige, printed, black framed "Palon (Pegu) L. Fea VIII.IX.87" / "MUSEUM PARIS COLL. A. GROUVELLE 1917" / white, handwritten "Versim.: Salcedia miranda Andr." / beige, handwritten "nettoyage necessaire pour determ. precise. Alluaud 1934" (MNHN).

Remark.

In the holotype there is an additional mounting card on the pin where the following parts are glued: one front and one hind leg, complete mentum with right paragena and pair of labial palpi, right glossa with right maxillary palpus. An additional drop of glue indicates there might have been another piece of the body which is obviously lost. The following parts are missing from the specimen: left front leg with tibia onwards, left intermediate tarsomeres, right mandible.

Diagnosis.

A large sized species, with sub-elongate outline of the elytra with maximum width at middle and the pronotum with three additional carinae of which the inner lateral carina is distinctly shortened. The pseudohumerus is rectangular and with a non-projecting tooth. The antennomeres are oblong-elongate. Distinguished most clearly from the similar species S. parallela by the pronotum with the lateral margin convex and with seven to nine distinct tubercles. Moreover, in S. miranda the intervals five and six of the elytron each have two rows of pits.

Redescription.

Measurements in Table 1 View Table 1 .

Colour and surface: Piceous, shiny; top of supraorbital and supra-antennal plates, carinae on head, pronotum and elytra as well as margin of pronotum and elytra densely covered with beige-grey pili; legs fuscous, mandibles and first segments of antennae piceous, antennae brightened apically, palpi leoninous.

Head: Four-fifths of the pronotum width. Outline semi-circular. Clypeus wide, slightly convex anteriorly, fused with clypeal wings, separated from supra-antennal plates by distinct notches and deep pit at each side, with raised semi-circular-shaped field at middle, separated from frons by deep transverse furrow. Frons with two raised paramedian carinae, carinae not joining anteriorly, with two small glossy teeth bilaterally to median carinae, with two shorter diverging carinae paralaterally at base; frons separated from supraorbital plates by deep broad furrows; with conspicuously broad pit at front-eye level; supra-antennal and supraorbital plates margined, margin raised, carina-like, supra-antennal plates vaulted. Base with angled emargination at middle (angle 100°), laterally right-angled (angle 90°). Eyes large, convex, genae higher as eyes, convex, both of them clearly visible from above, in lateral view shaped like a broad strip. Antenna with segments five to ten oblong-elongate (L/W 1.44), densely pubescent, segments two to four scarcely pubescent, scapus with longitudinal reticulation. Labrum slightly convex anteriorly. Mandible moderately short, wide, slightly arcuate at apex. Mentum small, with slight rounded tooth at middle, epilobes wide, projecting, acutely angled anteriorly, margined apically, surface uneven, with irregular reticulation.

Pronotum (Fig. 42 View Figures 36–43 ): Outline rectangular, transverse, a third wider than long. Lateral margin slightly convex, maximum width behind middle. Lateral margin crenulated, with nine to eleven small tubercles, with notch at each posterior angle. Base straight laterally, with obtuse keel at middle pointing posteriorly. Disc moderately convex in lateral view, with two raised paramedian carinae parallel to median line and diverging posteriorly, with median line narrow, long, and ending in pits anteriorly and posteriorly, with four additional shorter carinae bilaterally, the paralateral one joining with the paramedian carinae at base and forming tooth-like tubercle pointing posteriorly, extended anteriorly as less raised paralateral carina. With inner lateral carina short, not connected to long outer lateral carina. All carinae sub-crenulate. Lateral margin broadly wing-like bent up, with six large and deep transverse pits existing of partly connected circular pits, the frontal one partly situated directly at the frontal margin and separated from the second one by a striking ridge.

Elytron (Fig. 51 View Figures 44–51 ): Flattened in anterior half (lateral view), moderately convex in frontal view. Sub-elongate, margin slightly convex in anterior half up to pseudohumerus, moderately convex to apex, maximum width at middle, sub-tuberculate. Pseudohumerus rectangular, with tooth not projecting. Apex rounded, with small but acute tooth at suture. Disc with interneur six sub-tuberculate, interneur one with indistinct trace of carina at base, interneur three with indistinct carina in anterior two thirds, interneur two running towards apex as convex line, conspicuously raised, not reaching apex; interneur four running in parallel to interneur two, not reaching base, shortened at apex. Interneur five and six with two rows of serial pits. Interneur five nearly not visible due to transversally connected pits.

Hind wings: Fully developed.

Lower surface: Antennal channel of pronotum with surface isodiametrically reticulated. Pseudoepipleura densely covered with beige-grey pili, with two rows of transversally connected pits, lateral margin of elytron smooth. Metepisternum elongate, with broad longitudinal groove. Metasternum, abdominal sternites one to five with numerous irregularly situated larger and smaller pits, sternites four to six sulcate, with band of small punctures at middle. Sternum six hollowed out concavely, with small blunt longitudinal carina at middle.

Legs: Profemora with dorsal surface nearly smooth. Protibia with moderately long and curved terminal spine, laterally bidentate and with two strong setae towards base, dorsally and ventrally with two carinae. First tarsomere distinctly elongated, nearly as long as tarsomeres two to five together.

External sexual dimorphism: Not observed.

Male genitalia (Fig. 67 View Figures 64–67 ): Median lobe small, in dorsal view cracked in basal third and at middle, thickened and gently arcuate in apical half, in lateral view nearly straight, thickened in apical third, with nearly no pili, apex spatulate, in cross section with bilaterally flattened at apex. Oroficium half as long as median lobe. Endophallus with group of indistinct microtrichia, with cluster of few short small spines towards apex. Dorsal paramere slender, bisinuate apically, with hyaline apex, with apophyses distinctly asymmetric, ventral one indistinct, both parameres distorted.

Female genitalia (Fig. 82 View Figures 77–83 ): Coxostylus slender, somewhat broadened in basal half, nearly straight in apical third, directly at apex with indistinct hook, at end of basal third with one large and eight slender nematiform setae laterally.

Variation: At the lateral margin of the pronotum the number of tubercles varies inter- and intra-individually from nine to eleven. In the holotype the basal margin of the head is more distinctly emarginated.

Distribution

(Fig. 84 View Figure 84 ). Known from the type locality in Tharrawaddy, Burma (today Myanmar), and from Palon in Pegu (Myanmar). According to Andrewes (1929) another, fragmentary, specimen ("Ind. Mus.") was collected at light in the Eden Gardens in Calcutta, Bengal, India. This specimen could not be located.