Sandalodesmus peruibe Figueiredo & Bouzan, 2025

Figueiredo, Thiago D., Iniesta, Luiz F. M., Brescovit, Antonio D. & Bouzan, Rodrigo S., 2025, Three new species of Sandalodesmus Silvestri, 1902 from the last intact stretches of Atlantic Forest in Brazil (Polydesmida: Chelodesmidae: Sandalodesmini), Zootaxa 5723 (4), pp. 514-532 : 516-522

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5723.4.3
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:BE5B3CF0-DDFB-4293-8BFC-A5F133C99A27
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17894338
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7C03879D-FF8D-B34C-358C-F9C8FF6AE7A8
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Sandalodesmus peruibe Figueiredo & Bouzan
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Sandalodesmus peruibe Figueiredo & Bouzan , sp. nov.

Figs 1–6 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4 View FIGURE 5 View FIGURE 6

Diagnosis. Males of Sandalodesmus peruibe sp. nov. can be distinguished from other Sandalodesmus species by the following combination of gonopodal characters: prefemoral process ( pfp) with two acute terminations at the same height ( mpfp; Figs 5B View FIGURE 5 , 6B, D View FIGURE 6 ), and an ectal apical projection ( epfp) with a small, rounded apex ( Figs 5A View FIGURE 5 , 6A, C View FIGURE 6 ). Acropodite region with apical portion subparallel to the gonocoxite ( gcx) ( Figs 5A–B, D View FIGURE 5 , 6 View FIGURE 6 ), vs. the entirely perpendicular orientation observed in other species ( Fig. 10 View FIGURE 10 ). An acute process ( asp) is present internally to the acropodite ( Fig. 5D View FIGURE 5 ) vs. absent in other species, except in S. fandango sp. nov. Presence of a conspicuous incision in the median portion of the acropodite region, in mesal view ( Figs. 5B, D View FIGURE 5 , 6D View FIGURE 6 ), similar to the condition observed in S. fandango sp. nov., S. avilectus Hoffman, 1982 and S. librellus Hoffman, 1982 .

Etymology. The specific epithet peruibe refers to “ Peroibe ”, a folkloric figure of the Tupiniquim Indigenous people of Brazil, known as a strong hunter and lover of “ Jureia ”. The name alludes to the curved apical part of the gonopod, which resembles a flexed human arm, a symbolic reference to the strength of Peroibe. It is important to note that the curved apical part of the gonopod is a common trait to other Sandalodesmus , the curvature is not to be taken as a diagnostic feature of this species. Noun in apposition.

Material examined.

Type material: Holotype: BRAZIL ● ♂; Estação Ecológica Juréia-Itatins ( -24.3571, -47.0136), Peruíbe, São Paulo; iii.1997; A. D. Brescovit leg.; IBSP 401 View Materials GoogleMaps . Paratypes: BRAZIL ● 2 ♂♂; same data as for holotype; IBSP 15767 View Materials GoogleMaps .

Other material: BRAZIL ● 2♂♂ [fragmented specimens]; same locality as holotype; iv.2012; J. P.P. Pena-Barbosa leg.; IBSP 3741 View Materials GoogleMaps .

Description. Male ( Holotype, IBSP 401). Coloration (preserved in 70% ethanol): head yellowish in clypeus region and reddish on vertex; antennae yellowish; body reddish orange, slight darkening on last 3–4 rings; paranota tips light yellow ( Fig. 2A–C View FIGURE 2 ); anterior legs (body rings 2–5) lighter than body; posterior legs (body rings 6–18) reddish with yellowish postfemora ( Fig. 2D–F View FIGURE 2 ). Telson reddish ( Fig. 2C View FIGURE 2 ); coloration varying among individuals. Antennae: covered with thin setae; 5th, 6th and 7th antennomeres with small clusters of basiconic sensilla ( br) at distal external margin ( Fig. 4F View FIGURE 4 ). Gnathochilarium: uniformly covered with small setae on all plates. Body rings: cuticle smooth, flat ( Fig. 4D View FIGURE 4 ). Paranota well projected laterally and slightly downward, forming lowered arch ( Fig. 4A View FIGURE 4 ); anterior margin rounded; posterior margin subtriangular ( Fig. 2A–C View FIGURE 2 ). Ozopore ( oz) arrangement typical of Polydesmida (5, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15–19); surrounded by peritremata, dorsally positioned in posterior region ( Fig. 4D View FIGURE 4 ). Sternites: body ring 4 with a pair of flat projections ( Fig. 3A View FIGURE 3 ); body ring 5 with one pair of subpyramidal bumps between anterior legs ( Fig. 3D View FIGURE 3 ), generally symmetrical, flat anterior face, longer on transverse axis ( vs. longitudinal, see Bouzan et al. 2023; fig. 3A); body ring 6 with large V-shaped posterior-ventral depression ( Fig. 3B View FIGURE 3 ); body ring 7 without projections ( Fig. 5C View FIGURE 5 ). Gonopod aperture oval with deep V-shaped anterior margin into prozonite ( Fig. 5C View FIGURE 5 ); body rings 8–19 each with two pairs of small projections posteriorly near each coxa ( Fig. 3E View FIGURE 3 ). Legs ( Fig. 4B–C, E View FIGURE 4 ): gonopores opening as longitudinal slits, on concave area at apex of subrectangular gonapophyses ( Fig. 3C View FIGURE 3 ). Coxae of walking legs with one long ventral seta; Leg modification patterns (ring numbers): prefemoral knob (2 <3–15> 16–18) ( Fig. 4B View FIGURE 4 ); tibial sole (sensu Hoffman 1982), i.e., projection on the distomesal part of the tibia (2 <3–12> 13–14> 15–16; absent from 17–18) ( Fig. 4E View FIGURE 4 ); presence and degree of development of lateral projections dorsal to the stigma are as follows: 2–7 <8–13 <nearly absent from 14–20. Telson : without modifications ( Fig. 3F View FIGURE 3 ); hypoproct with a posterior marginal projection and two (1+1) lateral marginal setae.

Gonopods ( Figs 5A–B, D View FIGURE 5 , 6 View FIGURE 6 ): Gonocoxite ( gcx) approximately same in size as telopodites; broad at midsection ( Fig. 6C View FIGURE 6 ); coxites with transverse striations at anterior margin, in ectal view; a large and robust spiniform process ( gsp) present ( Fig. 5A View FIGURE 5 ). Cannula ( c) lacking prominent projections. Prefemoral region ( pfr) short, approximately one-third telopodite length ( Fig. 5B View FIGURE 5 ). Prefemoral process ( pfp) subspatulate, subparallel to acropodite, reaching half its length ( Fig. 5B View FIGURE 5 ); mesal apical projection ( mpfp) bearing two acute terminations at same height ( Figs 5B View FIGURE 5 , 6B View FIGURE 6 ); ectal apical projection ( epfp) with a small and rounded apex ( Figs 5A View FIGURE 5 , 6A View FIGURE 6 ). Acropodite process ( ap) with conspicuous dorsal striations ( Fig. 6C View FIGURE 6 ); short acropodite spiniform process ( asp) on inner region ( Figs 5D View FIGURE 5 , 6D View FIGURE 6 ). Median incision visible on acropodite in mesal view, creating fold along spermatic groove ( Figs. 5B, D View FIGURE 5 , 6D View FIGURE 6 ). Solenomere ( s) shorter than ap ( Figs. 5D View FIGURE 5 , 6B, D View FIGURE 6 ).

Measurements (in mm): Body: total length 52.8, width of 10 th body ring 7.8. Antennomere lengths (1−7): 0.4; 1.3; 1.3; 1.3; 1.2; 1.3; 0.2. Podomere lengths of 6 th leg (1−7): 0.3; 1.2; 2.4; 1.0; 1.2; 1.3; tarsal claw 0.3. Telson length 1.3. Gonopod aperture: length 1.9, width 2.8. Gonopod: length 2.8, width 3.4. Gonocoxite: length 1.6, width 1.4. Telopodite: length 2.3, width 1.6.

Female. Unknown.

Species group. Sandalodesmus peruibe sp. nov. is assigned to the iguazuensis species group based on the following shared characters: prefemoral region short, not significantly extended mesally ( Fig. 5B View FIGURE 5 ); prefemoral process shorter than the acropodite region and non torsate ( Fig. 6D View FIGURE 6 ); acropodite process broad, forming a hood-like structure ( Figs 5 View FIGURE 5 A−B, 6); and solenomere being small and short, not extending beyond the acropodite process ( Figs 5D View FIGURE 5 , 6D View FIGURE 6 ).